Title CSC 112 questions and answers.pdf ✅

Computer systems fall into essentially two separate categories. The first, and most obvious, is 1._____ computer and the second type is 2._____ computer. The primary difference between an embedded machine and a general-purpose computer is its 3._____. Desktop computers can run a variety of 4.______ programs. The embedded system has only 5.____ number of applications running . All data is stored in the computer as 6.______. At the heart of the computer is the 7.______. The memory is used to store 8.____ while the processor is running them, as well as store the 9._____ that the programs are manipulating. The layers of a desktop computer in order from the top are in 10.____, 11._____, 12._____, and 13._____. The layers of a simple embedded computer from the top are 14.__/__ and 15.____ hardware. A software that is permanently stored in a computers memory and configure the computer for correct operation is known as 16.____. The 17._____ if located in the firmware. 18._____ is a special program run by the processor that reads the operating system from disk. 19. ____ controls the operation of the computer. 20.____ provides an interface to a user. 21.____ provides the functionality of a computer. Everything below the application software is considered 22.____. 23.____ is the component around which everything in a computer is centered. Instructions are also known as 24.___/____. A sequence of 25._____ is what constitutes a program. A 26._____ is a processor, memory, and some I/O devices contained within a single, integrated circuit, and intended for use in embedded systems. A 27.____ is a processor implemented on a single integrated circuit. A microprocessor is sometime also known as 28.____. Microcontroller is very similar to 29.____ processor. The memory of a computer system is never 30.______. 31.____ is only read from memory.
32.____ is both read from and written to memory. Von Neumann computers are what can be termed 33.______ computers. 34.____ computer architecture has both instructions and data in the same memory. The memory space is also known as 35._____ , and how that address space is partitioned between different memory and I/O devices is known as the 36._____. Some processors, notably the Intel x86 family, have a separate address space for I/O devices with separate instructions for accessing this space. This is known as 37.______. Most microprocessors available are standard 38.____. 39.____ architecture uses different memory space for data and instruction. In which architecture can data and instructions be fetched concurrently 40.____. A 41.____ is a physical group of signal lines that have related function. 42.___ allow the flow of electric signal between different parts of the computer. The 43._____ of a bus is the number of signal lines dedicated to transferring information. The majority of microprocessors available today (with some exceptions) use the three-bus system architecture. The three buses are the 44.___ bus , the 45.____ bus, and the 46._____ bus. The six basic type of access a processor can perform are 47.____. The internal data storage of the processor is known as its 48.____. ALU stands for 49.____. 50.____ performs internal arithmetic manipulation of data in the processor. 51.____ is the technique of diverting the processor from the execution of the current program so that it may deal with some event that has occurred. The 52.____ is the address at which an interrupt service routine (ISR) lies. ISR stands for 53._____. The last instruction from an ISR is always a 54.____. The process by which the processor continuously checks the device’s status register until the device is ready is called 55.____. The technique by which the interrupting device provides the interrupt vector that the processor is to take is known as 56.____. A 57.____ interrupt is generated by an instruction. A 58.____ interrupt is generated by an I/O device.
The two major approaches to processor architecture are 59.____ and 60._____. RISC processors implement what is known as a 61.____ architecture. DSP stands for 62.____. Answer 1. desktop 2. embedded. 3. Application / use 4. Application 5. One / 1 6. Numbers 7. Processor 8. Programs 9. Data 10. Applications 11. Operating System 12. Firmware 13. Hardware 14. Application/ firmware 15. Hardware 16. Firmware 17. Bootloader 18. Bootloader 19. Operating System 20. Operating System 21. Application software 22. System software 23. Processor 24. Opcodes / machine code 25. Instructions 26. Microcontroller 27. Microprocessor 28. CPU 29. System-on-Chip (SoC) 30. Empty 31. Instruction 32. Data 33. Control-flow 34. Von Neumann machine 35. Address space 36. Memory map 37. Ported I/O 38. Von Neumann machine