Tiêu đề RECALLS 7 - NP5 - SC ✅

A. Apply gentle pressure B. Call the nephrologist immediately C. Elevate the arm above the heart D. Remove the fistula needle 17. What should the nurse avoid with an AV fistula arm? A. Taking blood pressure B. Placing a tourniquet C. Drawing blood samples D. All of the above 18. Which finding in a dialysis patient suggests disequilibrium syndrome? A. Headache and confusion B. Hypotension and dizziness C. Chest pain and palpitations D. Joint pain and muscle cramps 19. Which fluid is commonly used to prime a dialysis circuit? A. Lactated Ringer’s B. 0.9% Normal saline C. Dextrose 5% in water D. 0.45% Normal saline 20. A patient on peritoneal dialysis reports severe abdominal pain during inflow. What is the best response? A. Increase dialysate flow rate B. Warm the dialysate solution C. Stop dialysis immediately D. Add extra potassium to the solution Situation: You are managing pharmacologic interventions and monitoring lab results to prevent complications of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). 21. Which medication is often given to dialysis patients to prevent anemia? A. Epoetin alfa B. Heparin C. Warfarin D. Iron dextran only 22. A patient with CKD is prescribed calcium acetate. What is its purpose? A. Lower potassium levels B. Increase iron absorption C. Bind phosphorus in the gut D. Raise serum calcium levels 23. What is the priority nursing assessment before starting hemodialysis? A. Serum amylase B. Lung sounds C. Vital signs and weight D. Pain scale 24. A patient with peritoneal dialysis has outflow less than inflow. What is the first nursing action? A. Stop the dialysis B. Turn the patient side to side C. Call the nephrologist D. Add heparin to the solution 25. What is a major complication of hemodialysis needle dislodgment? A. Infection B. Air embolism C. Severe hemorrhage D. Hypokalemia Situation: You are addressing symptoms related to chronic uremia, evaluating hemodynamic changes post-dialysis, and preventing life-threatening complications. 26. A patient on hemodialysis has severe itching (uremic pruritus). Which is the best nursing action? A. Restrict fluids B. Give antihistamines as prescribed C. Apply ice packs D. Encourage high-protein diet 27. Which finding is expected after dialysis? A. Weight gain B. Lowered blood pressure C. Hyperkalemia D. Edema increase 28. A patient on hemodialysis is ordered heparin during treatment. What is its purpose? A. Reduce blood pressure B. Prevent clotting C. Increase potassium removal D. Treat anemia 29. Which is the most serious complication of peritoneal dialysis? A. Hypotension B. Peritonitis C. Nausea D. Constipation 30. A patient undergoing dialysis develops chest pain. What should the nurse do first? A. Stop dialysis and notify the provider B. Increase fluid removal C. Encourage deep breathing D. Give antiemetics You are managing dialysis access and monitoring for vascular and metabolic complications, ensuring patient safety and access function. 31. Which drug is commonly given to control high phosphate in CKD? A. Calcium acetate B. Furosemide C. Epoetin alfa D. Sevelamer 32. Which AV fistula assessment finding should be reported immediately? A. Bruit present B. Thrill present C. Cool pale hand below the fistula D. Slight bruising around site 33. Which dialysis patient is at highest risk for hypotension during treatment? A. One who ate a large meal before dialysis B. One who is slightly hypertensive C. One who had fluid overload corrected slowly D. One who is already volume-depleted 34. Which sign indicates successful AV fistula function? A. No bruit or thrill B. Weak radial pulse C. Palpable thrill and audible bruit D. Edema around the site 35. Which action prevents peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis? A. Use of cold dialysate B. Strict hand hygiene during exchanges C. Increasing dwell time D. Avoiding daily weight checks Situation: You are assigned to monitor fluid balance and electrolyte status in dialysis clients and intervene for post-treatment complications. 36. Which symptom after dialysis indicates hypovolemia? A. Flushed skin and bounding pulse B. Dry mucous membranes and dizziness C. High blood pressure and edema D. Warm, moist skin 37. Which medication should be hold before dialysis? A. Antihypertensives B. Phosphate binders C. Vitamin D supplements D. Erythropoietin 38. Which patient statement about peritoneal dialysis needs teaching? A. “I need to keep my catheter clean and dry.” B. “If the fluid comes out cloudy, I will call the clinic.” C. “I will skip daily weight checks to save time.” D. “I should warm the solution before using it.” 39. Which lab result is expected in end-stage renal disease? A. Metabolic alkalosis B. Low BUN and creatinine C. Hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis D. Hypophosphatemia 40. Which sign after peritoneal dialysis indicates peritonitis? A. Clear effluent and soft abdomen B. Cloudy effluent and abdominal pain C. Weight gain and hypertension D. Minimal drainage with clear fluid 2 | Page
Situation: You are providing end-of-life care in the ICU, focusing on physical changes and emotional support for family members. 41. Which sign indicates circulation is failing in a dying ICU patient? A. Warm pink skin B. Mottled, cool extremities C. Increased urine output D. Bounding peripheral pulses 42. What respiratory pattern often occurs near death? A. Kussmaul respirations B. Cheyne-Stokes respirations C. Eupneic pattern D. Apneustic respirations 43. Which nursing action best supports family presence at the bedside? A. Limit visitation to reduce emotional stress B. Allow family to stay as desired and explain changes they see C. Avoid discussing physical changes to prevent distress D. Ask family to wait outside during care 44. A dying patient has noisy “death rattle” respirations. Which is the priority? A. Suction the patient continuously B. Reposition the patient to a side-lying position C. Restrict all fluids D. Place in Trendelenburg position 45. What is a common psychological sign of approaching death? A. Sudden bursts of energy B. Refusal of food and withdrawal C. Increased talkativeness and socializing D. Insomnia with anxiety Situation: You are supporting family members of dying patients and managing common end-of-life complications like agitation and organ failure. 46. Which statement by the nurse helps support a grieving family? A. “It’s time to stop crying; you need to be strong.” B. “Would you like to hold their hand while I explain the monitors?” C. “Let’s remove all equipment right now so you don’t see them like this.” D. “We will step out and give you no updates until the end.” 47. Which urinary change indicates imminent death? A. Output > 50 mL/hr B. Tea-colored or absent urine output C. Clear and high-volume urine output D. Frequent urination every 30 minutes 48. The nurse notes terminal restlessness in a dying ICU patient. Which is the best intervention? A. Apply soft restraints B. Administer prescribed low-dose morphine or sedative C. Reorient the patient every 15 minutes D. Turn on bright overhead lights 49. What should the nurse say to a family member who asks, “How much longer do they have?” A. “I can’t predict exactly, but I can explain what signs we look for.” B. “That’s private information I can’t share.” C. “Everyone dies eventually; let’s focus on something else.” D. “They will pass exactly at midnight.” 50. A patient’s pulse becomes weak and irregular near death. Which action is most important? A. Begin chest compressions immediately B. Notify family and continue comfort care C. Start IV dopamine infusion D. Prepare for emergent intubation Situation: You are a nurse researcher studying falls in hospitals. One of your proposed studies is titled: “Older adult patients are at higher risk of falls compared to younger adult patients in general medical wards.”The goal is to determine which factor influences fall risk and to guide fall-prevention programs. 51. In this study, what is the independent variable? A. Fall risk B. Patient age group C. Type of hospital ward D. Type of footwear used 52. What is the dependent variable? A. Number of patients admitted B. Fall risk score/incidence C. Hospital staffing pattern D. Medication use 53. What is the population? A. All hospital patients B. Patients in general medical wards C. Healthcare staff D. Nursing students 54. Which research design is most appropriate? A. Randomized controlled trial B. Correlational comparative study C. Case study D. Phenomenological study 55. Which tool is best to measure the dependent variable? A. Morse Fall Scale B. Braden Scale C. Visual analog pain scale D. Apgar score Situation: You want to explore the impact of shift work on nurses. The research title is: “Night-shift nurses report lower sleep quality than day-shift nurses in tertiary hospitals.” 56. What is the independent variable? A. Level of sleep quality B. Nurse shift schedule C. Hospital policies D. Patient acuity level 57. What is the dependent variable? A. Sleep quality score B. Nurse shift rotation schedule C. Type of hospital D. Age of nurse 58. What is the population? A. All nurses in the region B. Nurses in tertiary hospitals C. Only emergency nurses D. Nursing students 59. Which tool measures sleep quality? A. Morse Fall Scale B. PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) C. Perceived Stress Scale D. Braden Scale 60. Which type of research design is used? A. Experimental with randomization B. Descriptive comparative C. Grounded theory D. Case study Situation: Your research team designs an intervention study titled: “Effect of music therapy on postoperative pain levels among orthopedic patients compared to standard care.” 61. What is the independent variable? A. Type of orthopedic surgery B. Music therapy C. Pain intensity D. Length of hospital stay 62. What is the dependent variable? A. Pain score B. Type of music C. Patient age D. Ward type 63. Which research design best fits this study? A. Randomized controlled trial B. Ethnography C. Phenomenology 3 | Page