Tiêu đề 8.Cell-The Unit of Life .pdf ✅

92 8.1 What is a Cell? 1. A major breakthrough in the studies of cells came with the development of electron microscope. This is because (a) the electron microscope is more powerful than the light microscope as it uses a beam of electrons which has wavelength much longer than that of photons (b) the resolving power of the electron microscope is much higher than that of the light microscope (c) the resolving power of the electron microscope is 200 - 350 nm as compared to 0.1 - 0.2 nm for the light microscope (d) electron beam can pass through thick materials, whereas light microscopy requires thin sections. (2006) 2. A student wishes to study the cell structure under a light microscope having 10X eyepiece and 45X objective. He should illuminate the object by which one of the following colours of light so as to get the best possible resolution? (a) Blue (b) Green (c) Yellow (d) Red (2005) 3. Electron microscope has a high resolution power. This is due to (a) electromagnetic lenses (b) very low wavelength of electron beam (c) low wavelength of light source used (d) high numerical aperture of glass lenses used. (1992, 1990) 4. Magnification of compound microscope is not connected with (a) numerical aperture (b) focal length of objective (c) focal length of eye piece (d) tube length. (1990) 8.2 Cell Theory 5. The concept of “Omnis cellula-e-cellula” regarding cell division was first proposed by (a) Aristotle (b) Rudolf Virchow (c) Theodore Schwann (d) Schleiden. (NEET 2019) 6. Which is correct about cell theory in view of current status of our knowledge about cell structure? (a) It needs modification due to discovery of subcellular structures like chloroplasts and mitochondria. (b) Modified cell theory means that all living being are composed of cells capable of reproducing. (c) Cell theory does not hold good because all living beings (e.g., viruses) do not have cellular organisation. (d) Cell theory means that all living objects consists of cells whether or not capable of reproducing. (1993) 7. Names of Schleiden and Schwann are associated with (a) protoplasm as the physical basis of life (b) cell theory (c) theory of cell lineage (d) nucleus functions as control centre of cell. (1993) 8.3 An Overview of Cell 8. Angstrom (Å) is equal to (a) 0.01 mm (b) 0.001 mm (c) 0.0001 mm (d) 0.00001 mm. (1992) 9. Organelles can be separated from cell homogenate through (a) chromatography (b) X-rays diffraction (c) differential centrifugation (d) auto-radiography. (1989) 8.4 Prokaryotic Cells 10. Which of the following statements about inclusion bodies is incorrect? (a) They are not bound by any membrane. (b) These are involved in ingestion of food particles. (c) They lie free in the cytoplasm. (d) These represent reserve material in cytoplasm. (NEET 2020) Cell- The Unit of Life 8 CHAPTER
Cell- The Unit of Life 93 11. Select the wrong statement. (a) Bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan. (b) Pili and fimbriae are mainly involved in motility of bacterial cells. (c) Cyanobacteria lack flagellated cells. (d) Mycoplasma is a wall-less microorganism. (NEET-II 2016) 12. Which of the following structures is not found in a prokaryotic cell? (a) Mesosome (b) Plasma membrane (c) Nuclear envelope (d) Ribosome (2015) 13. The structures that help some bacteria to attach to rocks and/or host tissues are (a) mesosomes (b) holdfast (c) rhizoids (d) fimbriae. (2015) 14. Which one of the following is not an inclusion body found in prokaryotes? (a) Glycogen granule (b) Polysome (c) Phosphate granule (d) Cyanophycean granule (2015 Cancelled) 15. Which structures perform the function of mitochondria in bacteria? (a) Nucleoid (b) Ribosomes (c) Cell wall (d) Mesosomes (2014) 16. The motile bacteria are able to move by (a) fimbriae (b) flagella (c) cilia (d) pili. (2014) 17. Why is a capsule advantageous to a bacterium? (a) It protects the bacterium from desiccation. (b) It provides means of locomotion. (c) It allows bacterium to “hide” from host’s immune system. (d) It allows the bacterium to attach to the surface. (Karnataka NEET 2013) 18. The term ‘glycocalyx’ is used for (a) a layer present between cell wall and membrane of bacteria (b) cell wall of bacteria (c) bacterial cell glyco-engineered to possess N-glycosylated proteins (d) a layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria. (Karnataka NEET 2013) 19. Chromosomes in a bacterial cell can be 1 – 3 in number and (a) are always circular (b) are always linear (c) can be either circular or linear, but never both within the same cell (d) can be circular as well as linear within the same cell. (2003) 20. Photosynthetic bacteria have pigments in (a) chromoplasts (b) chromatophores (c) leucoplasts (d) chloroplasts. (1999) 21. The site of respiration in bacteria is (a) ribosome (b) microsome (c) episome (d) mesosome. (1997) 8.5 Eukaryotic Cells 22. Which is the important site of formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids in eukaryotic cells? (a) Endoplasmic reticulum (b) Peroxisomes (c) Golgi bodies (d) Polysomes (NEET 2020) 23. Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Lysosomes are formed by the process of packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum. (b) Lysosomes have numerous hydrolytic enzymes. (c) The hydrolytic enzymes of lysosomes are active under acidic pH. (d) Lysosomes are membrane-bound structures. (NEET 2019) 24. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is incorrect? (a) Mitochondrial matrix contains single circular DNA molecule and ribosomes. (b) Outer membrane is permeable to monomers of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. (c) Enzymes of electron transport are embedded in outer membrane. (d) Inner membrane is convoluted with infoldings. (NEET 2019) 25. The shorter and longer arms of a submetacentric chromosome are referred to as (a) m-arm and n-arm respectively (b) s-arm and l-arm respectively (c) p-arm and q-arm respectively (d) q-arm and p-arm respectively. (NEET 2019) 26. Which of the following pairs of organelles does not contain DNA? (a) Nuclear envelope and Mitochondria (b) Mitochondria and Lysosome (c) Chloroplast and Vacuoles (d) Lysosomes and Vacuoles (NEET 2019) 27. Match the column I with column II. Column-I Column-II A. Golgi apparatus (i) Synthesis of protein B. Lysosomes (ii) Trap waste and excretory products C. Vacuoles (iii) Formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids D. Ribosomes (iv) Digesting biomolecules Choose the right match from options given below. (a) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i) (b) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii) (c) A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(i) (d) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii) (Odisha NEET 2019)
94 28. Which of the following is true for nucleolus? (a) Larger nucleoli are present in dividing cells. (b) It is a membrane-bound structure. (c) It takes part in spindle formation. (d) It is a site for active ribosomal RNAsynthesis. (NEET 2018) 29. The Golgi complex participates in (a) fatty acid breakdown (b) formation of secretory vesicles (c) respiration in bacteria (d) activation of amino acid. (NEET 2018) 30. Which of the following events does not occur in rough endoplasmic reticulum? (a) Protein folding (b) Protein glycosylation (c) Cleavage of signal peptide (d) Phospholipid synthesis (NEET 2018) 31. Select the incorrect match. (a) Lampbrush – Diplotene bivalents chromosomes (b) Allosomes – Sex chromosomes (c) Sub-metacentric – L-shaped chromosomes chromosomes (d) Polytene – Oocytes of chromosomes amphibians (NEET 2018) 32. Which of the following cell organelles is responsible for extracting energy from carbohydrates to form ATP? (a) Ribosome (b) Chloroplast (c) Mitochondrion (d) Lysosome (NEET 2017) 33. Select the mismatch. (a) Gas vacuoles – Green bacteria (b) Large central vacuoles – Animal cells (c) Protists – Eukaryotes (d) Methanogens – Prokaryotes (NEET-II 2016) 34. A cell organelle containing hydrolytic enzymes is (a) lysosome (b) microsome (c) ribosome (d) mesosome. (NEET-II 2016) 35. Mitochondria and chloroplast are (A) semi-autonomous organelles (B) formed by divisionof pre-existing organelles and they contain DNA but lack protein synthesising machinery. Which one of the following options is correct? (a) (A) is true but (B) is false. (b) Both (A) and (B) are false. (c) Both (A) and (B) are correct. (d) (B) is true but (A) is false. (NEET-I 2016) 36. Microtubules are the constituents of (a) centrioles, spindle fibres and chromatin (b) centrosome, nucleosome and centrioles (c) cilia, flagella and peroxisomes (d) spindle fibres, centrioles and cilia. (NEET-I 2016) 37. Which one of the following cell organelles is enclosed by a single membrane? (a) Lysosomes (b) Nuclei (c) Mitochondria (d) Chloroplasts (NEET-I 2016) 38. Water soluble pigments found in plant cell vacuoles are (a) carotenoids (b) anthocyanins (c) xanthophylls (d) chlorophylls. (NEET-I 2016) 39. Match the columns and identify the correct option. Column I Column II A. Thylakoids (i) Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus B. Cristae (ii) Condensed structure of DNA C. Cisternae (iii) Flat membranous sacs in stroma D. Chromatin (iv) Infoldings in mitochondria (a) A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii) (b) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i) (c) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii) (d) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii) (2015) 40. Cellular organelles with membranes are (a) endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and nuclei (b) lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria (c) nuclei, ribosomes and mitochondria (d) chromosomes, ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum. (2015) 41. Which of the following are not membrane bound? (a) Lysosomes (b) Mesosomes (c) Vacuoles (d) Ribosomes (2015) 42. DNA is not present in (a) nucleus (b) mitochondria (c) chloroplast (d) ribosomes. (2015 Cancelled) 43. Nuclear envelope is a derivative of (a) microtubules (b) rough endoplasmic reticulum (c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum (d) membrane of Golgi complex. (2015 Cancelled) 44. The structures that are formed by stacking of organised flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are (a) stroma lamellae (b) stroma (c) cristae (d) grana. (2015 Cancelled) 45. Select the correct matching in the following pairs. (a) Rough ER – Synthesis of glycogen (b) Rough ER – Oxidation of fatty acids (c) Smooth ER – Oxidation of phospholipids (d) Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids (2015 Cancelled)
Cell- The Unit of Life 95 46. The chromosomes in which centromere is situated close to one end are (a) telocentric (b) sub-metacentric (c) metacentric (d) acrocentric. (2015 Cancelled) 47. The solid linear cytoskeletal elements having a diameter of 6 nm and made up of a single type of monomer are known as (a) microtubules (b) microfilaments (c) intermediate filaments (d) lamins. (2014) 48. The osmotic expansion of a cell kept in water is chiefly regulated by (a) mitochondria (b) vacuoles (c) plastids (d) ribosomes. (2014) 49. Match the following and select the correct answer. (A) Centriole (i) lnfoldings in mitochondria (B) Chlorophyll (ii) Thylakoids (C) Cristae (iii)Nucleic acids (D) Ribozymes (iv) Basal body of cilia or flagella A B C D (a) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii) (b) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii) (c) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv) (d) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii) (2014) 50. The Golgi complex plays a major role (a) as energy transferring organelles (b) in post translational modification of proteins and glycosylation of lipids (c) in trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy (d) in digesting proteins and carbohydrates. (NEET 2013) 51. Which one of the following organelle in the figure correctly matches with its function? (a) Golgi apparatus, formation of glycolipids (b) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, protein synthesis (c) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, formation of glycoproteins (d) Golgi apparatus, protein synthesis (NEET 2013) 52. A major site for synthesis of lipids is (a) symplast (b) nucleoplasm (c) RER (d) SER (NEET 2013) 53. Which of the following types of plastid does not contain stored food material? (a) Chromoplasts (b) Elaioplasts (c) Aleuroplasts (d) Amyloplasts (Karnataka NEET 2013) 54. Select the alternative giving correct identification and function of the organelle ‘A’ in the diagram. (a) Mitochondria - Produce cellular energy in the form of ATP (b) Golgi body - Provides packaging material (c) Lysosomes - Secrete hydrolytic enzymes (d) Endoplasmic reticulum - Synthesis of lipids (Karnataka NEET 2013) 55. Select the correct statement from the following regarding cell membrane. (a) Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by passive transport. (b) Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell membrane. (c) Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part. (d) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson. (2012) 56. What is true about ribosomes? (a) The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S, where “S” stands for sedimentation coefficient. (b) These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins. (c) These are found only in eukaryotic cells. (d) These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs. (2012) 57. Which one of the following does not differ in E.coli and Chlamydomonas? (a) Ribosomes (b) Chromosomal organization (c) Cell wall (d) Cell membrane (2012) 58. Which one of the following cellular parts is correctly described? (a) Thylakoids - flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts (b) Centrioles - sites for active RNA synthesis (c) Ribosomes - those on chloroplasts are larger (80S) while those in the cytoplasm are smaller (70S) (d) Lysosomes - optimally active at a pH of about 8.5 (Mains 2012) 59. Which one of the following structures is an organelle within an organelle? (a) Ribosome (b) Peroxisome (c) ER (d) Mesosome (Mains 2012) 60. Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in (a) chloroplast (b) mitochondria (c) chromoplast (d) ribosomes. (2011) 61. Important site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is (a) vacuole (b) Golgi apparatus (c) plastid (d) lysosome. (2011) A