Tiêu đề ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ DUYÊN HẢI NINH BÌNH LỚP 11 2024.docx ✅

1 SỞ GD&ĐT NINH BÌNH TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LƯƠNG VĂN TỤY ĐỀ THI ĐỀ XUẤT KÌ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI NĂM 2024 MÔN: TIẾNG ANH 11 Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút Đề thi gồm 05 phần trong 20 trang I. LISTENING (5.0 pts) Part 1: For questions 1 – 5, listen to a news bulletin about climate change and decide whether the statements are True (T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (1.0 pt) 1. According to some meteorologists, those living in 2070 are likely to witness an unprecedented phenomenon in which summer could last for half a year as a result of climate change. T 2. In Korea, shorter winters with lower temperatures have resulted in inevitable changes in the national agriculture industry. F 3. Despite global warming, those who work in agriculture and fishery industries attempt to take an advantage of what climate change has to offer. T 4. With yearly temperatures increasing by nearly 2 degress Celsius over the past century, the number of patients with symptoms caused by heatwaves in July has risen threefold. F 5. The main reason for longer summers in the country is the rise in global greenhouse gas emissions. T TRANSCRIPT Combating climate change is no longer an option, but a necessity. With temperatures steadily creeping up, meteorologists say by 2070 summer could stretch half a year. Lee Unshin looks into the inevitable consequences ahead as the mercury spikes, and what can be done to prevent extreme changes. Coffee Arabica is one of the world's most loved coffee beans, accounting for over 60 percent of the global coffee production. The evergreen shrub is naturally found throughout warmer regions in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia, but this farm, blanketed with thousands of Arabica trees, is in South Korea. Korea started to grow coffee trees not too long ago. As the plant can tolerate low temperatures, but not frost, it would have been nearly impossible to grow these in the past, as winters were harsher. "The ideal temperature for Arabica ranges from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius. 40 or 50 years ago, we would've had to have many small greenhouses instead of large-scale vinyl greenhouses like this one, with heaters everywhere in the farm to keep it warm. Nowadays, the underground heating system is enough to keep the temperature right, so it saves costs." Shorter, warmer winters have brought about other shifts in the local agriculture industry. Jeju Island used to be home to subtropical Jeju Tangerines, producing over 99 percent of the fruit. But they have been harvested
2 on the mainland for about a decade now. Other regional specialties such as Cheongdo Peaches and Daegu Apples have lost their meaning as the planting boundaries have moved northward over the years. "Due to global warming, the nation is turning into a subtropical location, with average temperatures rising, tropical nights lasting longer, and precipitation patterns shifting. We can find a way to take advantage of the climate change in agriculture and fishery industries, but global warming also brings meteorological disasters and abnormal conditions that lead to all kinds of damage." Over the past century, average yearly temperatures have increased by nearly 2 degrees Celsius, and these higher temperatures have brought about visible effects, with the number of people admitted to hospital with symptoms caused by heatwaves in July doubling over the past 5 years. "I'm sweating the moment I step outside. I didn't have to use AC as often in the past, but now I blast it all day. I'm worried it will get even hotter." "About 20 years ago, I don't recall feeling suffocated by the heat or tropical nights keeping me up." A day with an average temperature of 20 degrees Celsius or higher. That's how some experts define a summer day. About one hundred years ago, here in Seoul, summer lasted for 94 days. But in recent years, the hot season has dragged on for some 130 days. "The longer summers are caused by many factors but they're mostly centered around rising global greenhouse gas emissions. If the gas emissions continue to follow the current trend, it will lead to global carbon dioxide readings doubling by the year 2100. By then, it's expected that Korea will have 40 more days of summer than now." As one of the 200-odd nations that have agreed to the Paris Climate Accord, Korea aims to combat global warming by curbing greenhouse gas emissions by 37 percent by 2030. But that alone won't alleviate extreme weather change. "Carbon dioxide spreads easily, meaning one country's CO2 emissions will affect other nations. So in order to see some results in combating climate change, it would require all nations' participation. Korea is taking an active part, by pursuing its reduction goals but other than appeasement, local adaptation policies for extreme changes should be followed." As the changes we see today are the outcome of decades of global industrialization, for the time being, researchers say Korea can expect even more dire shifts of climate ahead. So while efforts to eliminate the root cause are a must, just as important is securing infrastructure to help cope with the immediate changes that affect the day-to-day lives of residents. Part 2: For questions 6 – 10, listen to a piece of news about rainforests and answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer. (10 p.t) 6. For over the past four decades, what have human beings done to tropical forest land for financial gain?
3 - cleared and repurposed 7. Name TWO ailments that can be treated using rosy periwinkle, a rainforest plant found only in Madagascar. - leukemia, Hodgkin’s Disease 8. Which regional area has witnessed more than three-quarters of the population using herbal medicine in terms of health care? - Africa 9. In addition to severe droughts, what has been the consequence of the increase in carbon dioxide levels and decrease in rainforest acreage? - rising sea levels 10. How are rainforests’ direct influences on the condition of the world’s atmosphere viewed despite their great importance? - regularly understated TRANSCRIPT Since the start of the 20th century, roughly half of the world’s rainforests have been wiped out. And by the end of the 21st century, rainforests may go extinct altogether. You may think it’s just a few plants and animals that’ll suffer, but modern global society relies on rainforests more than you might realize. The loss of this dense biodiversity could lead to sickness, poverty, even war. So, what would a post- rainforest world look like? Well, first it is important to understand why the rainforest is disappearing. Globally, over the last 40 years, an area possibly the size of Europe has been cleared and repurposed for commercial use. In some cases, the land is replanted with trees that produce rubber or palm oil, in other cases it is used as grazing land for cattle, or torn down for urban development. And if nothing is done, we may ultimately see rainforests gone altogether, and along with them, crucial benefits. Without rainforests, some estimate that the basis for up to a quarter of modern medicine would be lost, with thousands of medical compounds derived from plants. For example, the rosy periwinkle, which is naturally endemic only to Madagascar, produces two anti-tumor drugs used to fight leukemia and Hodgkin's Disease. Chemicals synthesized as a result of this plant contribute to an estimated $160 million dollars per year and
4 the rainforest plant-drug market in total has been estimated at roughly $150 billion dollars. Many poor communities rely on rainforest plant life for medicine, as prescription medication and derivatives are completely unaffordable for large portions of the world’s population. The World Health Organization estimates that roughly 80% of Africa’s population uses traditional, herbal medicine as part of their primary health care, while in China, up to half of all medicine consumed are herbal remedies. Besides a medicinal outlook, the lack of vegetation could mean a rapid rise in climate change. Rainforests are known as “carbon sinks”, which means that they consume carbon dioxide, clearing it from the atmosphere. Studies show that roughly 40% of manmade CO2 is absorbed by forests. As carbon dioxide levels rise and rainforest acreage falls, the subsequent change in climate can contribute to severe droughts, as well as rising sea levels. This is a bigger problem than it may seem, as climate change plays a huge role in geopolitics. Wars over resources are devastating, and demand for farming land continues to outstrip its supply. In 2014 in northern Honduras, US-backed security forces were implicated in the murder and intimidation of local farmers involved in disputes over palm oil. More than 100 people have already been killed over the disputes. In other parts of the world, entire indigenous tribes are being killed and displaced in favor of commercial logging and razing. But stopping this deforestation may not end up solving the larger problem. Even when ignoring financial gain by businesses which exploit these natural resources, many people in developing countries rely on the exploitation to survive. For example, palm oil employs millions of farmers, and the industry plays an important role in reducing poverty. According to one NGO on Sustainable Palm Oil, as many as 4.5 million people in Indonesia and Malaysia work in its production. And simply switching to another method of production could potentially be even worse for the environment. Alternative vegetable oils, like sunflower, soybean, and rapeseed produce about 4 to 10 times less oil per acre, so to meet demand, even more land would have to be destroyed. We all know rainforests are vital, but their direct impacts in day-to-day health, global stability, and the condition of the world’s atmosphere are regularly understated. In the end, a world without rainforests is much more devastating than we might realize, and much harder to avoid than we might expect. Part 3: For questions 11 – 15, listen to an interview with Norma Powell, who is a financial advisor and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10 pts)