Tiêu đề 06. MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE.pdf ✅

06. MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE 1. Refer the given figure of nucleosome and select the option that correctly identifies the parts A, B and C. A B C (a) Histone octamer DNA histone (b) DNA Histone octamer histone (c) Histone octamer histone DNA (d) DNA histone Histone octamer 2. In a DNA strand the nucleotides are linked together by (a) Glcosidic bonds (b) Peptide bonds (c) Hydrogen bonds. (d) Phosphodiester bonds 3. Refer to the diagram which shows the synthesis of part of a protein molecule. Which of the following is the first part of the protein molecule that would be translated from ? (a) (b) (c) (d) 4. Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present (a) Polymerase chain reactions (b) Restriction enzymes (c) DNA-DNA hybridization (d) Zinc finger analysis 5. To prove that DNA is the genetic material, which radioactive isotopes were used by Hershey and chase (1952) in their experiments? (a) (b) (c) (d) 6. A nucleoside differs from a nucleotide, it lacks the (a) Base (b) Sugar (c) Hydroxyl group (d) Phosphate group 7. Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below. Column-I (codons) Column-II (Translated amino acid) A. UUU (i) Serine B. GGG (ii) Methionine C. UCU (iii) Phenylalanine H1 H1 H1 H1 mRNA2 AA4 AA2 AA7 AA6    AA8 AA5 AA1 AA3    AA6 AA7 AA2 AA4    AA3 AA1 AA6 AA8    Sand N 35 15 Pand N 32 15 Pand S 32 35 Nand N 14 15
D. CCC (iv) Glycine E. AUG (v) Proline (a) A - (iii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (v), E - (ii) (b) A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(v), E - (ii) (c) A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (v), D - (i), E - (ii) (d) A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v), E - (iii) 8. Which one of the following pairs of terms/names mean one and the same thing (a) Gene pool - Genome (b) Codon - Gene (c) DNA fingerprinting - DNA profiling (d) Cistron - Triplet 9. Select the incorrect statement regarding DNA replication. (a) DNA polymerase catalyses polymerization in direction. (b) Leading strand is formed in direction. (c) Okazaki fragments are formed in direction. (d) DNA polymerase catalyses polymerization in direction. 10. The fact that a purine base always paired through hydrogen bonds with a pyrimidine base leads to in the DNA double helix (a) The antiparallel nature (b) Uniform width throughout DNA (c) The semiconservative nature (d) Uniform length in all DNA. 11. The structural genes, in eukaryotes possess coding and non-coding sequences called as (i) and (ii) respectively. (a) (i) Promoter, (ii) operator (b) (i) Introns, (ii) exons (c) (i) Enhancer, (ii) silencer (d) (i) Exons, (ii) introns 12. RNA interference involve (a) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA (b) Synthesis of cDNA from RNA using reverse transcriptase (c) Interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA (d) Synthesis of mRNA from DNA 13. The net electric charge on DNA histones is (a) Both positive (b) Both negative (c) Zero (d) Negative and positive, respectively 14. Select the incorrectly matched pair. (a) Initiation codons - AUG, GUG (b) Anticodons - mRNA (c) Stop codons - UAA, UAG, UGA (d) Methionine - AUG 15. Which of the following statements is the most appropriate for sickle cell anaemia? (a) It cannot be treated with iron supplements (b) It is a molecular disease (c) It confers resistances to acquiring malaria. (d) All of the above. 16. Refer the given mRNA segment. It can be translated completely into a polypeptide. 3'5' 5'3' 5'3' 5'3'
Which of the following codons may correspond with A and B? (a) A - UAA, UGA; B - AUG, GUG or UAG (b) A - AUG, UGA; B - GUG, UAA or UGA (c) A - AUG, GUG; B - UAA, UAG or UGA (d) A - AUG, GAG; B - UAA, UUU or UGA 17. The first genetic material could be (a) RNA (b) Protein (c) Carbohydrates (d) DNA 18. During expression of an operon, RNA polymerase binds to (a) Structural gene (b) Promoter (c) Regulator gene (d) Operator 19. With regard to mature mRNA is eukaryotes (a) Exons and introns do not appear in the mature RNA (b) Introns appear but exons do not appear in the mature RNA (c) Both exons and introns appear in the mature RNA. (d) Exons appear but introns do not appear in the mature RNA 20. Which of the following statements regarding ‘human genome’ is incorrect? (a) Repeated (or repetitive) sequences are not present in human genome. (b) Human genome consists of bp and about 20,500 genes. (c) The average gene size is 3000 bp and dystrophin is the largest known human gene. (d) Chromosome 1 contains maximum (2968) number of genes and the Y-chromosome has the least (231) number of genes. 21. The human chromosome with the highest and least number of genes in them are respectively (a) Chromosome 21 and Y (b) Chromosome 1 and Y (c) Chromosome 1 and X (d) Chromosome X and Y 22. Arrange the various steps of DNA fingerprinting technique in the correct order. (i) Separation on DNA fragments by electrophoresis. (ii) Digestion of DNA by restriction endonucleases. (iii) Hybridization using labeled VNTR probe. (iv) Isolation of DNA. (v) Detection of hybridized DNA fragments by auto radio graphy. (vi) Transferring the separated DNA fragments to nitro cellulose membrane. (a) (b) (c) (d) 23. In E, Coli, the lac operon gets switched on when (a) Repressor binds to operator (b) Lactose is present and it binds to the repressor (c) RNA polymerase binds to the operator (d) Lactose is present and it binds to RNA polymerase. 24. Which of the following shows the correct positions of the phosphate (P), sugar (S) and base (B) molecules in the line diagrams representing structure of DNA? 9 310 (iv) (i) (ii) (iii) (vi) (v) (ii) (i) (iv) (vi) (iii) (v) (iv) (ii) (i) (vi) (iii) (v) (iii) (v) (iv) (ii) (i) (vi)