Tiêu đề DISTINCTION BETWEEN PAIRS OF ORGANI COMPOUNDS.pdf ✅

DISTINCTION BETWEEN PAIRS OF COMPOUNDS UNSATURATION TEST (a) Double/Triple bonded Compounds (C = C)/(C ≡ C) + Br2 in CCl4 (Brown colour) → Colourless compound (b) Double/Triple bonded Compounds + Baeyer's reagent (Pink colour) ⟶ Brown precipitate • Baeyer's reagent is cold, dilute KMnO4 solution having pink colour. Note : The above test are not given by Benzene. Although it has unsaturation.
TEST FOR TERMINAL ALKYNE NATURE OF X-GROUP IN C-X BOND If X is Cl, precipitate will be white and for Br yellow precipitate will be obtained. DISTINCTION BETWEEN 1 ∘ , 2 ∘ AND 3 ∘ ALCOHOLS
Lucas reagent is anhydrous ZnCl2 + conc. HCl. type of alcohols give iodoform test. PHENOL Phenol + ferric chloride (neutral) ⟶ Violet colouration CARBONYL GROUP Carbonyl compound + 2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine → Yellow/orange crystal (Brady's reagent) • All aldehydes and only aliphatic methyl ketones +NaHSO3 → White crystalline bisulphite.
ALDEHYDE GROUP • Aldehyde + Tollen's reagent ⟶ Silver mirror (silver mirror) • Aldehyde+Fehling's solution → Reddish brown precipitate (Reddish brown ppt) AROMATIC ALDEHYDE GROUP • Aromatic aldehyde + Tollen's reagent → Silver mirror • Aromatic aldehyde + Fehling's solution → Negative test CARBOXYLIC GROUP Carboxylic acid + Sodium bicarbonate → effervescence RCOOH + NaHCO3 ⟶ RCOONa + H2O + CO2 ↑ FORMIC ACID