Tiêu đề Exercise 2_Reading Gapped Text_Springboard.pdf ✅

allowed the freedom to slightly modify an algorithm, they felt more satisfied with its decisions, more likely to believe it was superior and more likely to use it in the future. We don’t need to understand the intricate inner workings of AI systems, but if people are given a degree of responsibility for how they are implemented, they will be more willing to accept AI into their lives. Your answers: 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. For questions 82-84, choose the correct letter A, B, C or D. Write your answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 82. What is the writer doing in Section A? A. Providing a solution to a concern. B. Justifying an opinion about an issue. C. Highlighting the existence of a problem. D. Explaining the reasons for a phenomenon. 83. According to Section C, why might some people be reluctant to accept AI? A. They are afraid it will replace humans in decision-making jobs. B. Its complexity makes them feel that they are at a disadvantage. C. They would rather wait for the technology to be tested over a period of time. D. Misunderstandings about how it works make it seem more challenging than it is. 84. What does the writer say about the media in Section C of the text? A. It leads the public to be mistrustful of AI. B. It devotes an excessive amount of attention to AI. C. Its reports of incidents involving AI are often inaccurate. D. It gives the impression that AI failures are due to designer error. Your answers: 82. 83. 84. For questions 85-88, do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer? You should write: YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 85. Subjective depictions of AI in sci-fi films make people change their opinions about automation. 86. Portrayals of AI in media and entertainment are likely to become more positive. 87. Rejection of the possibilities of AI may have a negative effect on many people’s lives. 88. Familiarity with AI has very little impact on people’s attitudes to the technology. Your answers: 85. 86. 87. 88. Part 4. In the passage below, seven paragraphs have been removed. For questions 89-95, read the passage and choose from paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap. There is ONE extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. When Spanish sailors landed in the Canary Islands in the 15th century, they were amazed to discover an aboriginal population with extensive agriculture which they had somehow managed to sustain with virtually no rainfall. Legend has it that the Guanche people derived all their water from a single large tree, which stripped moisture out of passing fogs and dripped enough water from its leaves to support a thousand people. However true the story may be, there is no doubt that the only thing stopping the Canaries from resembling the Sahara desert, just 70 kilometers to the east, is the moisture-rich fog that drifts in from the Atlantic Ocean.
89 Sometime in the last century, the last of the trees on high ground were cut down and the land began to dry out. This meant that across much of the north of the island, agriculture went into decline. Now David Riebold, a forestry scientist-turned-schoolteacher who owns a home on the island, has a plan to reverse the trend. He wants to use the artificial fog harvesting to bring back the cloud forest, in what promises to be the largest reforestation project ever attempted using the technology. 90 For years Riebold watched these failed efforts by local foresters. Then he read about a successful research project in Chile which harvested the fogs the regularly rolled in from the Atacama desert. Nets erected on a ridge facing the ocean provided enough water for a small town. Realizing that Riebold began wonder whether fog harvesting could be used to keep the saplings alive. 91 On paper, fog harvesting looked like a solution to the island’s reforestation problems, but convincing the authorities to give it a try wasn’t easy. For many years Riebold tried and failed to convince anyone to back his idea. It took the arrival of a new mayor to finally get his scheme approved. ‘Proyecto David’, as the locals call it, got under way, and the town authorities erected eight modest fog-collecting devices on three of Lanzarote’ mountains. 92 This summer, having declared the initial experiment a success, the island council plans to install eight much larger devices which will discharge water into a pumped drip irrigation network designed to keep the sailings watered. Riebold hopes that this will form the pilot phase of a full-scale reforestation of the mountains of the northern Lanzarote. 93 If the initial results scale up, a new cloud forest could restore the island to its former glory. The Lanzarote government has targeted an area of about 20 square kilometres in the north of the island, though Riebold believes that the potential area for 50 reforestation using fog collectors could stretch to 50 square kilometres. 94 But the knock-on effects of reviving the forests go beyond restoring the wildlife. Eventually, the forests should capture enough moisture to help recharge the area’s underground aquifers, many of which have remained empty since the forest disappeared. If this happens, wells down in the valleys could also refill, reducing the island’s growing dependence on desalination, especially during the summer tourist season. 95 Whether or not fog harvesting will prompt a large-scale return to agriculture on the island remains to be seen, but the lessons learned from harvesting fog on the island’s hilltops may be adapted for people living not far away, and with a greater need to see their landscape green and watered. If Lanzarote can catch moisture form the air and convert it to forests and farmland, then perhaps its famine-prone