Tiêu đề TỜ SỐ 16 TEST 03 UNIT 4 URBANISATION.docx ✅

Unit 4: URBANISATION GLOBAL SUCCESS 12 TỜ SỐ 16 – TEST 3 ENG LISH THÁNG ... Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6. Urbanization "Urbanization has become one of the most significant global trends, bringing both opportunities and challenges. Cities are expanding rapidly, leading to (1) ____________ changes in infrastructure and lifestyle. Many projects (2) ____________ by local governments focus on improving urban planning to address these changes. For instance, (3) ____________ play a crucial role in reducing pollution and traffic congestion. Authorities must focus (4) ____________ ensuring adequate housing and public transportation for growing populations. In addition, governments aim to (5) ____________ incentives to encourage green building practices. By (6) ____________ these efforts, cities can become more livable and environmentally friendly." Question 1: A. dramatize B. dramatically C. dramatic D. drama Question 2: A. launch B. to launch C. launching D. launched Question 3: A. efficient sustainable solutions B. solutions sustainable efficient C. sustainable efficient solutions D. solutions efficient sustainable Question 4: A. about B. of C. in D. on Question 5: A. take B. hold C. make D. provide Question 6: A. to adopt B. adopt C. adopted D. adopting Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Developing Urbanization in Remote Areas!  Urbanization in faraway places presents exciting opportunities for growth. (7) ____________ may underestimate the potential of these regions, but with strategic (8) ____________, they can flourish. Communities must turn in to sustainable practices that enhance both living (9) ____________ and economic prospects.  Investing in essential infrastructure, such as roads and schools, is crucial for accessibility. Green energy solutions and affordable housing are vital (10) ____________ that can significantly improve quality of life.  (11) ____________ should we overlook the importance of engaging local residents in the planning process. The number of initiatives (12) ____________ urbanization is increasing, showcasing a commitment to transforming remote areas into thriving communities. Question 7: A. Another B. Others C. Other D. The other Question 8: A. development B. planning C. decision D. investment Question 9: A. area B. arrangement C. conditions D. environment Question 10: A. each B. items C. little D. few Question 11: A. At no time B. in account of C. Irrespective of D. With regard to Question 12: A. turned off B. went into C. focused on D. got away Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentence to make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions. Question 13: a. Mai: Definitely, but if done right, technology can make cities more sustainable and efficient. The challenge will be balancing innovation with affordability, especially as more people flock to urban areas. b. Mai: Have you thought about the future of urbanization? How do you think cities will evolve in the next few decades? c. Jack: I think we'll see a shift toward "smart cities," where everything is connected—traffic, energy, waste management. But that could come with privacy concerns too.
A. c-a-b B. b-c-a C. a-c-b D. c-b-a Question 14: a. Bob: It’s a shame. And with all that land being used for new buildings, there’s less space for agriculture and nature. Urbanization really has its drawbacks. b. Bob: Yeah, I think it’s because of car ownership and better living conditions. People can live further from the city now without worrying about long commutes. c. Alice: True, but it’s also causing some serious problems, like pollution. I read that air quality in Hà Nội has gotten really bad due to the rise in car use. d. Alice: Have you noticed how more people are moving to the suburbs? It’s like entire provinces are turning into residential areas. [Adapted from THiNK] A. d-a-c-b B. d-c-b-a C. d-b-c-a D. d-c-a-b Question 15: Dear Nick, a. The transformation has been remarkable, with quiet streets now replaced by tall buildings and busy roads. b. It’s amazing to witness how people adapt to a constantly changing environment while holding onto their heritage. c. Despite all the changes, I noticed that the local markets and small businesses still maintain their traditional charm. d. I spent some time walking through new neighborhoods that were once fields and forests, and it was fascinating to see how the city has expanded e. I wanted to share with you my recent experience visiting a city that has undergone rapid urbanization in the past few years. Looking forward to hearing your thoughts on this topic. Best regards, Huy A. e-c-b-a-d B. e-a-d-c-b C. e-a-c-d-b D. e-c-d-a-b Question 16: a. People are moving away from the city center because they can now afford larger homes with better amenities, such as parks and pools. b. In contrast, living in the city often means dealing with cramped apartments and narrow roads. c. The suburbs are growing rapidly due to the increased availability of cars and improved living conditions. d. Air pollution, for example, has worsened as more people drive long distances to work, and cities like Hà Nội now face some of the worst air quality in the world. e. As a result, suburban areas are becoming more attractive, even though this expansion is contributing to urbanization and environmental issues. [Adapted from THiNK] A. c-e-a-b-d B. c-b-e-a-d C. c-a-b-e-d D. c-e-b-a-d Question 17: a. This wave of immigration not only puts pressure on urban services but also raises concerns about the long- term sustainability of cities. b. One major reason for immigration to big cities is the limited access to health services in remote areas, which drives people to move in search of better healthcare and living standards. c. For example, many rural residents migrate to urban areas because local hospitals often lack trained medical professionals and proper equipment, as seen with hospitals like Bach Mai and K Hospital, which struggle to meet the demands of patients from small provinces. d. As a result, the chances of securing a position have decreased significantly, from 33% to as low as 7%. e. In addition to healthcare, another factor is the search for better job opportunities; with more people moving to the cities, competition for jobs has become fierce. [Adapted from ThiNK] A. b-c-e-d-a B. b-e-c-d-a C. b-d-c-e-a D. e-c-b-d-a
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22. Urbanization has occurred rapidly in India principally due to social, economic and political drivers and has offered improved quality of life, access to amenities and economic opportunities for many. However, this (18) ____________, lack of urban infrastructure, and poor delivery of basic services, resulting in undesirable environmental impacts, congestion, and urban sprawl. India's urbanization has placed tremendous demand on the country's resources. (19) ____________. Although economic development is supported by both urbanization and industrialization, urbanization, (20) ____________, including energy use related to transportation, plays a crucial role. Deficiencies in urban planning and management have to be overcome if India's urban environment is to meet the rising expectations of an expanding urban population and provide an environment consistent with rapid, inclusive and sustainable growth. (21) ____________. Achieving a greener future with low energy costs can be supported by preferential policies that encourage renewable energy. Furthermore, by investing in technology and empowering local governments, (22) ____________. [Adapted from https://scholar.archive.org/work/iroipqzsiveneyogmamgilfng.] Question 18: A. are included insufficient energy has been accompanied by challenges B. has been accompanied by challenges that include insufficient energy C. have been accompanied by challenges that include insufficient energy D. of which the accompanionship includes challenges such as insufficient energy Question 19: A. The depletion of natural resources is accelerating due to rapid industrialization. B. Increasing energy consumption in cities has caused significant environmental damage. C. Providing energy to all while maintaining a low carbon footprint is a global priority. D. The lack of infrastructure is the main cause of energy shortages in rural areas Question 20: A. which is a major determinant of energy use B. accessible improvement to cultural institutions C. to improve wonder access to cultural institutions D. have a strong relation to rural population trends Question 21: A. Industrial output will remain stagnant due to regulatory challenges. B. Population growth will lead to increased strain on infrastructure and resources. C. Economic growth is expected to slow down in the coming decades. D. India's energy demand in 2030 is likely to be double that of current demand. Question 22: A. economic growth will be totally dependent on increasing military spending. B. local authorities will lose control over energy management and decision-making. C. the country will risk increasing its dependence on fossil fuels in the coming years. D. India can effectively meet its low carbon energy needs in a sustainable manner. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30. Throughout history, human populations have grown steadily. As societies expanded, people began forming larger communities, eventually leading to the development of cities. The shift from rural to urban living has been significantly influenced by industrialization. The Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, marked a turning point in urban growth, as people moved to cities in search of better job opportunities and improved living conditions. Today, urbanization continues at an unprecedented rate. More than half of the global population now resides in urban areas, and this number is expected to rise. Developing nations, in particular, are experiencing rapid urban growth due to advancements in technology, infrastructure, and economic opportunities. However, with the benefits of this process come significant challenges, such as overcrowding, pollution, and inadequate public services. One major consequence of urbanization is the rise of megacities—cities with over 10 million residents. These massive urban centers, such as Mumbai, São Paulo, and New York City, often struggle with housing shortages, traffic congestion, and environmental degradation. Additionally, urban sprawl, the uncontrolled
expansion of cities into surrounding rural areas, has led to deforestation and increased reliance on automobiles, contributing to air pollution and climate change. Despite these challenges, urbanization also offers numerous advantages. Cities provide better access to education, healthcare, and cultural experiences. Economic growth is often concentrated in urban areas, leading to higher wages and improved standards of living for many people. Governments and urban planners are continuously working on sustainable solutions, such as green spaces, efficient public transport systems, and smart city technologies, to ensure that urbanization remains beneficial for future generations. As the world’s population continues to grow, the future of urbanization depends on effective planning and innovative solutions. Finding a balance between development and sustainability will be crucial in shaping livable and resilient cities for the future. Question 23: The word "expanded" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____________. A. contracted B. shrank C. increased D. narrowed Question 24: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge of urbanization? A. Overcrowding B. Traffic congestion C. Decreased job opportunities D. Pollution Question 25: The phrase "unprecedented" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ____________. A. unusual B. unmatched C. unbelievable D. predictable Question 26: The word "this" in paragraph 3 refers to ____________. A. technology B. global population C. urbanization D. advancement Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4? A. Economic growth tends to be concentrated in cities, leading to lower wages and a poorer quality of life for many individuals. B. Frequently found in urban areas is economic growth, resulting in increased wages and better living conditions for a large number of people. C. Economic growth, although common in parts of the world, does not always bring better living conditions for people. D. Frequently concentrated in urban areas is economic growth, causing wages to rise and improving living standards for everyone. Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The global population living in urban areas is decreasing. B. Urban sprawl has no environmental impact. C. Many large cities struggle with problems related to housing and traffic. D. Industrialization has had no effect on urbanization. Question 29: In which paragraph does the author mention a contrasting relationship? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5 Question 30: In which paragraph does the author discuss future solutions for urbanization? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40. THE URBAN PARADIGM OF THE FUTURE: A VISION FOR SMART, SUSTAINABLE CITIES [I] The cities of the future are conceptualized as intelligent, sustainable, and more conducive to human habitation. [II] Technological advancements will play a critical role in transforming urban environments into efficient and environmentally sustainable spaces. [III] Innovations such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and renewable energy sources are set to revolutionize urban living. [IV] These developments will empower cities to optimize resource management, mitigate pollution, and enhance the overall quality of life for residents, thereby making urban living more enjoyable and convenient. A pivotal characteristic of future urban landscapes will be the seamless integration of smart technologies. For instance, smart grids can enhance energy efficiency by dynamically adjusting energy supply in response to real-time demand. Furthermore, advanced transportation systems are expected to alleviate traffic congestion and improve mobility through the deployment of autonomous vehicles and sophisticated traffic management solutions. These will not only save time but also reduce carbon emissions, thereby contributing to cleaner air quality.