Tiêu đề 18. INTRODUCTION TO DRUG INFORMATION RESOURCES AVAILABLE.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 1 INTRODUCTION TO DRUG INFORMATION RESOURCES AVAILABLE DRUG INFORMATION RESOURCES: Drug information is current, critically examined, relevant data about drugs and drug use in a given patient or situation. a) Current information uses the most recent, up- to-date sources possible. b) Critically examined information should meet the following criteria: 1. More than one source should be used when appropriate. 2. The extent of agreement of sources should be determined. 3. The plausibility of information, based on clinical circumstances. c) Relevant information must be presented in a manner that applies directly to the circumstances under consideration. (Ex: Patient parameters, therapeutic objectives, alternative approaches). PRIMARY RESOURCES: Researcher’s and manufacturer’s information Patents containing original information regarding the discovery of drug Reports containing scientific data before product can be sold, supplied or represented.  Scientific journals.  Provide original studies or reports. E.g. Clinical trial, case series, case report.  Scope is narrow.  Good when topic is new or new data has been published DRUG & POISON INFORMATION

PHARMD GURU Page 3 SECONDARY RESOURCES:  Abstract or index which summarizes the information arising in primary source.  Indexing and abstracting services are valuable tools for quick and selective screening of the primary literature for specific information, data, citation, and articles.  Three types of abstracts: 1) Telegraphic abstract (only string of words). 2) Indicative abstract (structured in sentence). 3) Informative abstract.  Bibliographic databases that provide abstracts or full-text of studies. Advantages:  Can construct searches to find specific information at high granularity. Disadvantages:  Often require more expertise to use than primary or tertiary resources.  Retrieved references must be filtered for quality.  Must track down resources before looking for answers.  Too complex for patients.  Generally interpretations of a study and may be a misinterpretation of important information. Pharmacists should obtain and evaluate the original article because abstracts may not include enough information to critically evaluate the study.
PHARMD GURU Page 4 TERTIARY RESOURCES: Compilations of knowledge in the field. EX: Textbooks, handbooks, Online drug compendia Good for background questions Scope is broad. Advantages:  Provide comprehensive information.  Information reflects views of multiple experts in field.  Fast, easy to use, and may be good for patients. Disadvantages:  Usually at least 2 years out of date by publication.  High dependency on interpretation of authors.  Pharmacists can address this by consulting at least 2 tertiary resources. General considerations when examining and using textbooks 1) The author, publisher, or both: What are the author 's and publisher's areas of expertise? 2) The year of publication (copyright date) or last revision date? 3) The edition of the text: Is it the most current edition? 4) The presence of a bibliography: I f a bibliography is included, are important statements accurately referenced? When were the references published? 5) The scope of the textbook or database: How accessible is the information? 6) Alternative resources that are available (e.g. , primary and secondary sources, other relevant texts). OTHER SOURCES: 1. Libraries. 2. Research associations.