Tiêu đề pps 2021 apr-may.pdf ✅

SOLUTION SHEET PPS B. TECH EXAMINATION (APR-MAY 2021) UNIT- I 1a) 1b) Block Diagram of a Computer: A typical computer consists of several interconnected components, which can be represented in a block diagram:
1. Input Devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, touchscreen): Devices that allow users to input data and instructions into the computer. 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU): The brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and coordinating the entire system. 3. Memory (RAM - Random Access Memory): Provides temporary storage for data and instructions that the CPU needs to access quickly. 4. Storage Devices (e.g., hard disk drives, solid-state drives): Offers long-term storage for data and programs even when the computer is turned off. 5. Output Devices (e.g., monitor, printer, speakers): Devices that display or output the results of processing to the user in a human-readable format. 6. Motherboard: The main circuit board that connects and communicates between all the computer's components. 7. Expansion Slots and Cards: Allows additional components (e.g., graphics card, sound card) to be added to the system. 8. Power Supply: Provides electrical power to all the components in the computer. Functions of CPU: 1. Processing Instructions: The CPU executes instructions stored in memory, performing arithmetic and logical operations to manipulate data. 2. Control Unit: The control unit coordinates and manages the execution of instructions, ensuring proper sequencing and flow of data. 3. Fetch-Decode-Execute: The CPU follows a cycle of fetching instructions from memory, decoding them to understand their meaning, and then executing them. 4. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): The ALU performs mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) on data. 5. Cache Management: The CPU uses cache memory to store frequently accessed data, reducing the time it takes to access information from slower main memory (RAM). 6. Multitasking: The CPU supports multitasking, where it switches between different tasks rapidly to give the illusion of simultaneous execution. Functions of Input and Output Devices: Input Devices: 1. Keyboard: Allows users to input text, commands, and other data by pressing keys. 2. Mouse: Enables users to interact with graphical interfaces, navigate, and select items on the screen. 3. Touchscreen: Allows users to input data directly by touching the screen, eliminating the need for a separate input device like a mouse. 4. Microphone: Captures audio input, enabling users to record voice or communicate via voice commands.