Tiêu đề 4. Conservation of Plants _ Animals.pdf ✅

NEET BIOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL VIII - OLYMPIAD CDF-1 CONSERVATION OF PLANTS INTRODUCTION, DEFORESTATION, GLOBAL WARMING AND BIOSPHERE RESERVES 1. The process of keeping and protecting something from damage is called conservation. 2. The part of the earth, where the living organisms exist is called biosphere. 3. The term wild life means all the animals and plants which are found naturally in the forests and other natural habitats. 4. A variety of organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) found in a particular area of habitat is called biodiversity. 5. All the living organisms of an area and the physical environment in which they live is called ecosystem. 6. The clearing of forests by cutting down forest trees over a wide area is called deforestation. 7. Forest fires and severe droughts are the natural causes of deforestation. 8. Deforestation will cause an increase in temperature of earth’s atmosphere leading to global warming. 9. The global increase in the overall temperature of earth’s atmosphere, caused by increased level of green house gases is called global warming. 10. The process by which fertile land becomes desert is called desertification. 11. Three types of protected area which have been established by the government for conservation of forest and wild life are a. Biosphere Reserves b. Wildlife sanctuaries c. Natural parks 12. A biosphere reserve is a very large conservation area which is divided into 3 zones. Core zone, Buffer zone, Transition zone 13. S.NO Name of the Biosphere Reserve Location 1 Kaziranga Biosphere Reserve Assam 2 Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve West Bengal 3 Kanha Biosphere Reserve Madhya Pradesh 4 Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve Andaman and Nicobar 5 Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve Madhya Pradesh
VIII - OLYMPIAD NEET BIOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL SYNOPSIS-I CONSERVATION OF PLANTS Introductions The process of keeping and protecting something from damage is called conservation. Conservation of plants means, the plants which occur in the forests should be kept in a way that they remain protected in the natural enrichment Forests are the source of food for many animals and some indigenous Importance of conservation and preservation we must pass on to future generations the rich flora and fauna which we have inherited The roots of trees grip the soil and prevent soil erosion. Trees also keep the air moist by transpiration Forests are the habitats for many varieties of plants and animals, and also the homes of some indigenous people. Plants remove carbon dioxide and add oxygen to the air, they maintain the balance of these gasses. The large variety of plants and animals attract tourists. Biosphere: Where the living organisms exist it includes land surface of the earth, atmosphere of the earth, as well as water bodies on the earth. Biodiversity A variety of organisms found in a particular area of habitat. Ecosystem Which includes all the organisms of an area and the physical enrichment (soil, air and water) in which they live. B) Deforestation and its causes: Clearing of forests (by cutting down forest trees) over a wide area is called deforestation. Man-made causes: Cut down the trees to obtain wood foresting as fuel a. Making paper b. Making doors, windows and furniture c. To obtain more agricultural land & cultivation crops d. To get land for building houses, factories, roads & days
NEET BIOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL VIII - OLYMPIAD Natural Causes: a. Forest fires b. Severe droughts Consequences of Deforestation: a. Shortage of wood and other forest products b. Leading to Global warming c. Soil erosion will increase d. Frequent flooding of rivers leading to loss of the life e. Decrease in rain fall lowers the ground water f. Extinction of many wild animals & plants C) Conservation of forests and wild life Conserve forests and wildlife to protect biodiversity, to prevent endangered species from becoming extinct and to maintain ecological balance in nature Measures: a. Unauthorised cutting of forest trees should be stopped b. For every acre of forest cut down, an equal area of land should be planted c. Forest conservation Act, 1980 d. Chipko Action took place in April 1973 D) Biosphere Reserves: A layer, protected area of land meant for the conservation of wildlife, biodiversity and traditional life style of tribal people
VIII - OLYMPIAD NEET BIOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL Biosphere divides into 3 zones: Core zone, Buffer zone and Transition zone a. Core zone: It is devoted to strict protection of wildlife and no human activity is allowed. b. Middle zone/Buffer zone: Little human activity is allowed as research, environmental studies and tourism. c. Transition zone: Several non-destructive activities such as settlements, cultivation of crops. Names and locations of some Biosphere Reserves: 1. Kaziranga Biosphere (Assam) 2. Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve (West Bengal) 3. Kanha Biosphere Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) 4. Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve (Andaman and Nicobar) 5. Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) WORK SHEET-1 1. What are the effects of deforestation? 1) Acid rain 2) Greenhouse effect 3) Increases content in the atmosphere 4) Decreases content in the atmosphere 2. The part of the earth in which living organisms exist is called 1) Lithosphere 2) Globe 3) Hydrosphere 4) Biosphere 3. Process of clearing forests to use land for other purposes are called 1) Reforestation 2) Deforestation 3) Afforestation 4) Desertification 4. A variety of organisms found in a particular area of height is called 1) Biodiversity 2) Habitat 3) Biosphere 4) Conservation 5. The following are the natural causes for deforestation 1) Forest fires 2) Severe droughts 3) A & B 4) All the above 6. Identity the incorrect statements about consequences of deforestation 1) Soil erosion will increases 2) Frequent flooding of rivers 3) Increased rain fall 4) Extinction species