Tiêu đề Midterm Review Quiz on Global Englishes (Answer Key) ✅

11. The Macaulay Minute of 1835 sought to replace indigenous South Asian languages with English entirely, positioning it as the sole language of governance and education. (False) 12. The English language in the Philippines remained unaffected by American colonial influence, given that Spanish had already been deeply entrenched before 1946. (False) 13. Malaysia saw a decline in English usage after 1957 due to its adoption of Bahasa as the national language, yet English continued to be the exclusive medium of instruction in its universities. (False) 14. English varieties in Asia, such as Indian English and Singaporean English, have remained purely standardized, without any influence from local linguistic structures. (False) 15. The emergence of Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea raises questions about its classification as an English variety, due to its substantial divergence from standard English grammar and lexicon. (True) 16. By 1900, the linguistic trajectory of the English-speaking settlements from the First and Second Dispersals had begun to converge rather than diverge, leading to a homogenized global English. (False) 17. The First Diaspora of English was marked by settler colonialism, whereas the Second Diaspora primarily involved administrative colonialism and linguistic imposition rather than mass migration. (True) 18. Between 1750 and 1900, English spread across its diaspora territories with minimal resistance from indigenous linguistic communities, given its immediate acceptance as a lingua franca. (False) 19. In Taiwan, Japan, and Korea, the consideration of English as an official language was driven by a historical absence of local linguistic traditions capable of functioning as national languages. (False) 20. The global expansion of English has resulted in a linguistic hierarchy where native varieties (such as American and British English) are universally regarded as superior to local non-native varieties. (True) 21. In ESL countries, English often functions as an official or widely spoken second language, playing a key role in government, education, and business. (True) 22. English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is mainly learned for international communication, rather than being used in everyday life within the country. (True) 23. Kachru’s model of World Englishes suggests that only native English speakers determine correct usage, while other varieties are considered incorrect. (False) 24. The Outer Circle includes countries like India, Singapore, and Nigeria, where English has an important role but coexists with local languages. (True) 25. A major criticism of Kachru’s model is that it does not fully reflect how English is used globally today, especially in international communication. (True)