Tiêu đề Chương 3_ Sự phát triển Nhận thức.docx ✅

• Bạn có cho rằng học sinh đã sẵn sàng về mặt phát triển để tiếp thu bài học này hay chưa? Overview and Objectives What is going on with Trevor? In this cluster, you will find out. We begin with a definition of development and examine three basic questions. Psychologists have debated the answers to these questions for many years: nature versus nurture, continuity versus discontinuity, and critical versus sensitive periods for development. Next we look at general principles of human development that most psychologists affirm. To understand cognitive development, we begin by studying how the brain works and then explore the ideas of two of the most influential cognitive developmental theorists, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Piaget’s ideas have implications for teachers about how their students think and what they can learn. We will consider criticisms of his ideas as well. The work of Lev Vygotsky, a Russian psychologist, highlights the important roles teachers and parents play in the cognitive development of the child. Vygotsky’s theory is becoming more and more influential in the field of child development. By the time you have completed this cluster, you should be able to: 3.1 Provide a definition of development that takes into account three agreed- upon principles and describe three continuing debates about development, along with current consensus on these questions. 3.2 Summarize research on the physical development of the brain and possible implications for teaching. 3.3 Explain the principles and stages presented in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, including criticisms of his theory. 3.4 Explain the principles presented in Vygotsky’s theory of development, including criticisms of his theory. 3.5 Discuss implications of Piaget’s and Vygotsky ‘s theories for teaching.