Tiêu đề 2. ĐỀ & HDC - CK2-TA10-NHÓM 4.docx ✅

Part 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question. THE BALANCE OF NATURE All the different plants and animals in a natural community are in a state of balance. This balance is achieved by the plants and animals interacting with each other and with their non-living surroundings. An example of a natural community is a woodland, and a woodland is usually dominated by a particular species of plant, such as the oak tree in an oak wood. The oak tree in this example is therefore called the dominant species but there are also many other types of plants, from brambles, bushes, and small trees to mosses, lichens and algae growing on tree trunks and rocks. The plants of a community are the producers: they use carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen to build up their tissues using energy in the form of sunlight. The plant tissues form food for the plant-eating animals (herbivores) which are in turn eaten by flesh-eating animals (carnivores). Thus, plants produce the basic food supply for all the animals of a community. The animals themselves are the consumers, and are either herbivores or carnivores. Examples of herbivores in a woodland community are rabbits, deer, mice and snails, and insects such as aphids and caterpillars. The herbivores are sometimes eaten by the carnivores. Woodland carnivores are of all sizes, from insects such as beetles and lacewings to animals such as owls, shrews and foxes. Some carnivores feed on herbivores, some feed on the smaller carnivores, while some feed on both: a tawny owl will eat beetles and shrews as well as voles and mice. These food relationships between the different members of the community are known as food chains or food webs. All food chains start with plants. The links of the chain are formed by the herbivores that eat the plants and the carnivores that feed on the herbivores. There are more organisms at the base of the food chain than at the top; for example, there are many more green plants than carnivores in a community. Another important section of the community is made up of the decomposers. They include the bacteria and fungi that live in the soil and feed on dead animals and plants. By doing this they break down the tissues of the dead organisms and release mineral salts into the soil. Question 27. What is the role of plants in a natural community? A. They are decomposers. B. They are consumers. C. They are producers. D. They are carnivores. Question 28. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT an example of a woodland carnivore? A. Beetles B. Owls C. Deer D. Foxes Question 29. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of decomposers in nature B. The interactions among plants, herbivores, and carnivores in a balanced ecosystem C. The dominance of oak trees in woodlands D. The way humans affect the balance of nature Question 30. The word "dominant" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to: A. Common B. Strong C. Main D. Harmful Question 31. All of the following statements are TRUE, except: A. Carnivores can feed on both herbivores and smaller carnivores. B. Food chains always begin with plants. C. There are more carnivores than green plants in a community. D. Decomposers break down dead organisms and release mineral salts into the soil. SECTION IV: WRITING Part 1: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of sentences to make a meaningful letter or text in each of the following questions. Question 32. A. I saw your advert in the local newspaper last Monday and I would like to volunteer to help. B. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours faithfully, C. I am young and energetic, and I am always interested in voluntary activities to help the community. D. Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for a volunteer position at the local food bank.