Tiêu đề SC- DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY- up.pdf ✅

TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 1 | 5 DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY EVALUATIVE TEST SEPTEMBER 2025 BOARD LICENSURE EXAMINATION OF PSYCHOMETRICIAN Prepared by: Mr. Jhun Himoldang 1. Which theory emphasizes the role of unconscious drives and childhood experiences in shaping behavior? A. Cognitive Development Theory B. Psychoanalytic Theory C. Ecological Systems Theory D. Social Learning Theory 2. In Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, what is the term for the range of tasks a child can perform with assistance? A. Scaffolding B. Zone of Proximal Development C. Egocentrism D. Concrete Operational 3. Who developed the theory of psychosocial development with eight stages? A. Sigmund Freud B. Carl Rogers C. Erik Erikson D. Abraham Maslow 4. Which of the following focuses on how children develop logical thinking, problem-solving, and reasoning abilities? A. Psychoanalytic Theory B. Cognitive Development Theory C. Behavioral Learning Theory D. Attachment Theory 5. According to Freud, the part of the mind that operates on the "pleasure principle" is the: A. Superego B. Ego C. Id D. Conscious 6. Which theory emphasizes learning through observation and imitation of others? A. Psychoanalytic Theory B. Humanistic Theory C. Social Learning Theory D. Cognitive Development Theory 7. According to Bandura, what concept refers to a person’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations? A. Self-actualization B. Cognitive dissonance C. Self-efficacy D. Social interest 8. Which of the following best describes the concept of "plasticity" in human development? A. Development is fixed and cannot be changed. B. The ability to change and adapt across the lifespan. C. Development occurs in predetermined stages. D. The ability to develop new motor skills. 9. What is the primary focus of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development? A. Physical development in adolescence B. Cognitive development in early adulthood C. The impact of social experiences across the lifespan D. The importance of attachment to caregivers 10. According to Piaget, children in the preoperational stage are limited by: A. Concrete thinking and limited logic B. Abstract thinking and reasoning C. Egocentrism and lack of conservation D) Emotional regulation and social understanding 11. Which stage of Freud’s psychosexual development focuses on the gratification of oral activities, such as sucking and chewing? A. Phallic Stage B. Latency Stage C. Oral Stage D. Anal Stage 12. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which is the most basic and essential need? A. Self-actualization B. Esteem needs C. Physiological needs D. Safety needs 13. Which of the following is NOT a component of the ecological systems theory? A. Microsystem B. Exosystem C. Chronosystem D. Preoperational system 14. What does the concept of "scaffolding" refer to in Vygotsky's theory? A. The process of independent learning in isolation B. Support provided to help a child perform a task within their Zone of Proximal Development C. The transition from egocentric thinking to abstract thinking D. Learning through observation and imitation 15. Which theory is most focused on the importance of early childhood experiences in shaping future development? A. Cognitive Theory B. Social Learning Theory C. Psychoanalytic Theory D. Behavioral Theory 16. Which of the following theorists emphasized the importance of self-actualization and the hierarchy of needs? A. Sigmund Freud B. Carl Rogers C. Abraham Maslow D. Erik Erikson 17. In Freud’s theory, the superego represents: A. The part of the mind that seeks immediate pleasure B. The realistic part that mediates between the id and the external world C. The moral and ethical component of personality D. The rational part of the mind 18. The study of how genetics and environmental factors influence development is best explained by which debate? A. Nature vs. Nurture B. Concrete vs. Abstract C. Development vs. Stagnation D. Attachment vs. Detachment 19. Which of the following stages is NOT part of Piaget's stages of cognitive development? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal Operational D. Identity vs. Role Confusion 20. Which of the following is a central concept in the attachment * NLE * NCLEX * HAAD * PROMETRICS * DHA * MIDWIFERY * LET * RAD TECH * CRIMINOLOGY * DENTISTRY * PHARMACY * MED TECH

TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 3 | 5 B. Engaging in hypothetical and abstract thinking C. Understanding conservation of volume D. Using mental symbols to represent objects 45. The concept of “conservation” refers to: A. Understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape B. Understanding that people retain the same personality throughout life C. The ability to make inferences about the future D. The ability to think logically about abstract concepts 46. Which of the following is characteristic of cognitive development in adolescence, according to Piaget? A. Concrete reasoning B. Egocentrism C. Abstract and hypothetical thinking D. Symbolic representation 47. Which of the following is true about the cognitive development of infants during the sensorimotor stage? A. Infants develop a sense of conservation. B. Infants begin to develop mental representations of objects. C. Infants use logical reasoning to solve problems. D. Infants exhibit symbolic thinking. 48. Which of the following is a key element of Vygotsky’s cognitive development theory? A. Independent problem solving B. Concrete operational thinking C. Sociocultural interactions and social learning D. Fixed stages of cognitive development 49. In Piaget’s theory, children in the concrete operational stage are capable of: A. Abstract reasoning B. Imaginary play C. Logical thinking about concrete objects D. Hypothetical-deductive reasoning 50. The concept of "decentration" in Piaget’s cognitive development theory refers to: A. The inability to recognize that objects retain their properties despite changes in appearance B. The ability to focus on multiple aspects of a problem simultaneously C. The tendency to see the world only from one’s own perspective D. The shift from egocentrism to understanding others’ viewpoints 51. According to Lev Vygotsky, learning is most effective when children are working within their: A. Personal zone of comfort B. Zone of Proximal Development C. Independent thinking zone D. Concrete operational stage 52. Piaget’s theory is often criticized for: A. Overemphasizing the role of social interaction B. Underestimating the cognitive abilities of children C. Focusing too much on language development D. Ignoring the role of sensory input in development 53. Which of the following is the most accurate description of the term “egocentrism” in Piaget’s theory? A. The inability to understand that others have different viewpoints B. The ability to think about abstract concepts C. The understanding that objects continue to exist even when unseen D. The ability to perform logical operations on concrete objects 54. During which stage of Piaget's cognitive development does a child first exhibit object permanence? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Concrete Operational D. Formal Operational 55. Which of the following is an example of a child exhibiting egocentric thinking during the preoperational stage? A. Not understanding that other people have different thoughts or feelings B. Believing that objects can take on human qualities C. Understanding that liquid remains the same even when poured into a different container D. Making inferences about cause and effect 56. Which of the following is an example of a child demonstrating logical thinking during the concrete operational stage? A. A child believes that a taller container holds more water even though they are the same volume. B. A child can perform mathematical operations in their head and understand reversibility. C. A child begins to imagine things that are not present. D. A child can think hypothetically about future events. 57. What is the concept of "hypothetical-deductive reasoning" introduced in the formal operational stage? A. The ability to reason logically about concrete situations B. The ability to think logically about hypothetical possibilities and abstract concepts C. The ability to understand cause-and-effect relationships D. The understanding that people can have different perspectives 58. According to Vygotsky, which of the following is most important for cognitive development? A. Biological maturation B. Active exploration of the environment C. Cultural tools and social interactions D. Genetic inheritance 59. A child who understands that the quantity of liquid remains the same despite a change in container shape is demonstrating: A. Object permanence B. Conservation C. Conservation of mass D. Logical reasoning 60. Which cognitive process involves recognizing that the appearance of objects does not change when their arrangement or appearance changes? A. Reversibility B. Conservation C. Assimilation D. Accommodation 61. A child who can understand and discuss hypothetical situations is likely in which of Piaget’s stages? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Concrete Operational D. Formal Operational 61. Which of the following is a characteristic of secure attachment, as described by Bowlby and Ainsworth? A. The child avoids their caregiver when they return after separation B. The child is indifferent to the presence of the caregiver C. The child becomes distressed when separated but is easily comforted upon reunion D. The child is overly dependent on the caregiver and avoids exploration 62. According to Erikson, the major challenge during young adulthood is: A. Integrity vs. Despair B. Trust vs. Mistrust C. Generativity vs. Stagnation D. Intimacy vs. Isolation 63. The process of “socialization” refers to: A. The biological changes that occur during adolescence B. The process of learning to interact with others and adopt cultural norms C. The way in which cognitive abilities develop through social interaction