Tiêu đề Textual Evidence HW.pdf ✅

Command of Evidence : Textual 1. As for tidal devices, the environmental impacts are considered comparably small. Wave devices will represent a much lower collision risk compared to offshore wind devices but they could be the risk of underwater collisions for diving birds. Potential positive effects such as the creation of roosting sites and habitat enhancement for marine birds might occur as well. According to Lewis et al., "information on the environmental and social impacts is limited mainly due to the lack of experience in deploying and operating ocean technologies, although adverse environmental effects are foreseen to be relatively low." Based on the text, which choice best describes the claim that tidal energy systems may improve some aspects of the local environment? A) It is incorrect, because systems change too many aspects of the region. B) It is overly optimistic, because there are no examples of improvement. C) It is justifiable, because systems may create new habitats for birds. D) It is valid, because many systems have demonstrated unexpected side benefits. 2. In a recent experiment about salt stress on apples, the temperature, light, and soil were consistent. The only variable was how much salt was applied in the water. Ripe fruits were collected and counted for each treatment of salt at 45 days after the first fruit ripening. The first ripe fruits samples from each treatment were photographed and two ripe fruits were selected from each plant and weighed. Then, the fruits were weighed to determine the average fresh mass of each fruit for each treatment and a nutritional analysis was conducted on them. Based on the information in the text, what criticism is the experiment open to? A) The fruits selected for measurement may not have been representative of the other fruits in the group. B) The change in size may have been based on variations in temperature rather than amount of salt. C) Fluctuation in light as fruits develop can affect the nutritional value of the mature fruit. D) The results of the experiment may not be applicable to a wide variety of plant species. 3. "Ode to the West Wind" was written by English poet, Percy Bysshe Shelley. The poem addresses the west wind as a formidable force of death and degeneration. However, he also belieres that rebirth will happen through the decay brought about by the west wind: Which quotation from "Ode to the West Wind" most effectively illustrates this idea of rejuvenation? A) A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd / One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud. B) Thou on whose stream, mid the steep sky's commotion / Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed / Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean, C) Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth / The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, / If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
D) What if my leaves are falling like its own! / The tumult of thy mighty harmonies 4. The vegan diet is one that is chosen by individuals for various reasons, including health and/or ethical reasons. In addition, it is evident that the vegan diet is much more than a diet itself, but has developed into a lifestyle, often associated with animal rights and environmental advocacy as well as a greater concern for physical activity and mindfulness. Findings suggest that a well-rounded vegan diet is healthy and such is evidenced by the variety of whole foods and increased vegetable and fruit intake. Health benefits include a decrease in cholesterol, lipid levels, blood pressure, weight, and a reduced risk for a variety of diseases including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Despite the benefits, health concerns do exist, especially in regard to nutrient deficiencies, without a well-planned and varied diet. Nutrient concerns include possible deficiencies in calcium, vitamin D, iron, and particularly vitamin B-12, for which supplements should be taken. The conclusion that veganism offers a well-rounded diet is open to which of the following criticisms? A) It is not clear whether the results are solely due to partaking in a vegan diet. B) The diet is sometimes adopted for ethical rather than health purposes. C) The study relied on a literature review opposed to obtaining firsthand data. D) It is important to include additions which are not directly deprived from plants. 5. Which quotation from "Eight O'clock" effectively illustrates the claim mentioned in the text? "Eight O'clock" is a poem written by the American poet Sarah Teasdale in 1924. In the poem, the poet tells the reader the only way she can get through waiting for her loved one in the lines: ______ A) "Supper comes at five o'clock, / At six, the evening star," B) "My lover comes at eight o'clock- / But eight o'clock is far." C) "How could I bear my pain all day / Unless I watched to see" D) "The clock-hands laboring to bring / Eight o'clock to me." 6. Which finding, if true, would most directly weaken the author's assertion? Asteroids are the remnants of our solar system's youthful exuberance, the leftover crumbs from when the planets formed. For much of the space age, asteroids were ignored in favor of the far more glamorous planets, and the Moon. The asteroids—dark, misshapen rocks, hard to see and hard to find—have long flown beneath our notice. But that was a mistake. They have a crucial role to play in the future of our species—in fact, the survival and flourishing of humanity are tied up with asteroids. A) Asteroids are dead matter and are not likely to carry any life-giving or resource-rich substances. B) The human race is likely to continue its focus on exploration of planets and satellites, rather than asteroids. C) The study of asteroids, near and distant, small and big, is gaining increasing popularity by the day. D) No asteroids of significance are likely to pass by the planet Earth in foreseeable future. 7. Which finding, if true, would directly support the researcher's claim about the potential existence of two species of ornithomimosaurs? Researchers have found new fossils of ornithomimosaur dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous period. Ornithomimosaurs were superficially ostrich-shaped with small heads, long arms, and strong legs. The new fossils,
including foot bones, are around 85 million years old, affording researchers a rare glimpse into a poorly known interval of North American dinosaur evolution. Analyzing the fossils, the authors claim that two different species of ornithomimosaurs co-existed in the past, one relatively small and one very large. They estimate the larger species to have weighed over 800 kg, and the individual examined was likely still growing when it died. This makes it among the largest ornithomimosaurs known. A) A large number of smaller ornithomimosaurs fossil specimens had wing-like structure of forearms, giving the impression that they could hop long distances. B) The ornithomimosaurs fossil specimens found at adjoining sites depicted large variations in shape and size. C) Fossil of an adult ornithomimosaurs with a skeletal structure smaller than that of the young dinosaur was found at a nearby site. D) Fragments of an ornithomimosaurs skeleton were found within the fossilized digestive tract of a much larger ornithomimosaurs fossil. 8. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the writer's claim about the condition for preference toward an AI recommendation? More and more companies are leveraging technological advances in AI to provide recommendations to consumers. The key factor in deciding how to incorporate AI recommenders is whether consumers are focused on the functional aspects of a product (its utilitarian value) or on the sensory aspects of a product (its hedonic value). Relying on data from a recent study, a research team claims that AI systems are more competent than humans at dispensing advice when utilitarian qualities are desired and less competent when hedonic qualities are desired. To test this out, participants in a study were asked to imagine buying a winter coat and rate how important functional attributes (e.g., breathability) and hedonic attributes (e.g., brand of article) were in their decision making. A) The respondents tended to favor system recommendations more often than they favored the personal recommendations of friends and family members. B) Participants who wanted a comfortable material followed AI recommendation, while those looking for a designer coat went with the recommendation of the salesperson. C) The respondents were largely indecisive in the matter of utilitarian features but had clear choices to offer in the matters of hedonistic features, such as trends in fashion. D) Fashion-savvy participants largely disregarded the system recommendations, while intellectually oriented participants generally went by the system recommendations. 9. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support Nina Bednaršek's conclusion? Ocean acidification is striking hardest and fastest in the planet's northernmost waters, where the effects of acidification are already acute, says Nina Bednaršek, a researcher at Slovenia's National Institute of Biology. She studies pteropods, tiny sea snails that are also known as "sea butterflies" due to their translucent, shimmering shells that look uncannily like wings. But scoop those snails from Arctic waters, and a close look at their exoskeletons reveals a duller reality. In more corrosive water, the once-pristine shells become flaked and pock- marked—a harbinger of an early death. Those critters are "the canary in the coal mine," as Bednaršek puts it—a critical part of the food chain that supports bigger fish, crabs, and mammals, and a sign of coming distress for more species as the oceans become more caustic. A) The ingestion of pteropods in acidic marine locations slows down the metabolism of predators and hinders their natural immunity.
B) The flaked and pock-marked pteropods, being less attractive to their predators, are spared improving their chances of survival. C) The underwater ecosystem is intriguingly complex and self-adjusting and can automatically adapt itself to anomalies. D) Ocean acidification has enhanced the fertility of critters and has more than offset the menacing threat of extinction. 10. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the writer's claim about the role of silicate weathering in global temperature regulation? A new study by MIT researchers claims that the planet harbors a "stabilizing feedback" mechanism that acts over hundreds of thousands of years to pull the climate back from the brink, keeping global temperatures within a steady, habitable range. It accomplishes this by using a mechanism called "silicate weathering"—a geological process by which the slow and steady weathering of silicate rocks causes chemical reactions that draw carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and into ocean sediments, trapping the gas in rocks. Scientists have long suspected that silicate weathering plays a major role in regulating the Earth's carbon cycle. The mechanism of silicate weathering could provide a geologically constant force in keeping carbon dioxide—and global temperatures—in check. A) Silicate weathering is not the only process which leads to trapping of carbon dioxide in ocean sediments. B) Rocks on ocean bed have reportedly undergone a change in their composition with silicate being rapidly replaced by carbon dioxide. C) Researchers found a consistent pattern over timescales in which silicate weathering takes places along with dampening of temperature swings. D) Gases like methane and nitrous oxide, which are equally responsible for rise in atmospheric temperatures, have registered a decrease. 11. Which finding, if true, would most directly support the researchers' claim? Recent research suggests that we are better able to identify individual speakers based on voluntary laughter than on spontaneous laughter. Voluntary laughter, being produced with greater vocal control, would encode more reliable information about the producer. Furthermore, emotional expressive styles like laughter systematically differ across cultural groups. In a recent study, the researchers employed laughter clips that were voluntarily produced by Dutch and Japanese individuals. Participants listened to these de-contextualized laughter clips and judged whether the laughing person was from their cultural in-group or an out-group. A) The duration of the laughter was a primary distinguishing factor which gave cues for the cultural identity of the producer of laughter. B) Since emotional expressive styles like laughter systematically differ across cultural groups, it asks for not more than just a critical eye to determine cultural identity of the producer. C) Since voluntary laughter involves a vocal control very similar in nature to one when one speaks his native language, its expression gives vital cues as regards the cultural identity of the producer. D) Despite the fact emotional expressive styles like laughter systematically differ across cultural groups, participants who listened to de-contextualized laughter clips failed to make a cultural distinction among their producers. 12. Which quotation from "A Psalm of Life" most effectively illustrates the emphasis?