Tiêu đề ĐỀ THI HSG ANH 12 LIÊN TRƯỜNG THPT ĐÔ LƯƠNG - YÊN THÀNH - NGHI LỘC - NGHỆ AN 2025-2026 ✅

1 SỞ GD & ĐT NGHỆ AN LIÊN TRƯỜNG THPT ĐÔ LƯƠNG – YÊN THÀNH – NGHI LỘC (Đề thi có 17 trang) ĐỀ KSCL ĐỘI TUYỂN HỌC SINH GIỎI LỚP 12 ĐỢT 1, NĂM HỌC 2025-2026 MÔN: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: Thời gian làm bài: 150 phút (không kể thời gian phát đề) SECTION A. LISTENING (50 points) Part 1. You are going to hear a talk. As you listen, fill in the missing information. For questions 1-15, write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS in the spaces provided. You will listen twice. Write your answers in the boxes provided. How a wound heals itself The largest organ in your body isn't your liver or your brain. It's your skin, with a surface area of about 20 square feet in adults. Though different areas of the skin have different characteristics, much of this surface performs similar functions, such as (1) _____________, feeling heat and cold, and growing hair. But after a deep cut or wound, the newly healed skin will look different from the surrounding area, and may not (2) _____________ all its abilities for a while, or at all. To understand why this happens, we need to look at the structure of the human skin. The top layer, called the epidermis, consists mostly of (3) _____________, called keratinocytes, and provides protection. Since its outer layer is constantly being shed and renewed, it's pretty easy to repair. But sometimes a wound (4) _____________ into the dermis, which contains blood vessels and the various glands and nerve endings that enable the skin's many functions. And when that happens, it triggers the four overlapping stages of the (5) _____________. The first stage, hemostasis, is the skin's response to two immediate threats: that you're now losing blood and that the physical barrier of the epidermis has been compromised. As the blood vessels tighten to minimize the bleeding, in a process known as vasoconstriction, both threats are averted by forming a (6) _____________. A special protein known as fibrin forms cross-links on the top of the skin, preventing blood from flowing out and bacteria or pathogens from getting in. After about three hours of this, the skin begins to turn red, signaling the next stage, (7) _____________. With bleeding under control and the barrier secured, the body sends special cells to fight any pathogens that may have gotten through. Among the most important of these are white blood cells, known as macrophages, which devour bacteria and damage tissue through a process known as phagocytosis, in addition to producing growth factors to spur healing. And because (8) _____________ need to travel through the blood to get to the wound site, the previously constricted blood vessels now expand in a process called vasodilation. About two to three days after the wound, the proliferative stage occurs, when fibroblast cells begin to enter the wound. In the process of (9) _____________, they produce a fibrous protein called collagen in the wound site, forming connective skin tissue to replace the fibrin from before. As (10) _____________ divide to reform the outer layer of skin, the dermis contracts to close the wound. Finally, in