Tiêu đề COMPRE - POST TEST - NEURO (Mr. Broas) SC ✅

TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 3 | 1 30. The provider discusses starting interferon beta-1a injections. Which side effect should the nurse emphasize? A. Weight gain and hyperglycemia B. Flushing and bronchospasm C. Flu-like symptoms and depression D. Anaphylaxis and stevens-johnson syndrome SITUATION 7: An 80-year-old female is admitted to the geriatric unit for increasing confusion, nighttime wandering, and recent weight loss. She has a 5-year history of Alzheimer’s disease and currently lives with her daughter. The daughter reports that her mother often forgets to eat, becomes agitated when redirected, and accuses family members of stealing. On exam, the patient is alert but disoriented to time and place, with poor short-term memory and difficulty following multi-step instructions. 31. Which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis? A. Risk for caregiver role strain B. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements C. Risk for injury D. Impaired memory 32. Which intervention is most effective to help reduce agitation in patients with Alzheimer’s disease? A. Reorient the patient frequently with detailed explanations B. Confront the patient about false beliefs to improve insight C. Maintain a calm environment with consistent routines D. Provide frequent reality testing using clocks and calendars 33. The nurse notes the patient has started hoarding food and hiding personal items. What is the best nursing action? A. Inform the provider about new psychotic behavior B. Provide a secure area for the patient to store items C. Increase the patient’s dose of cholinesterase inhibitors D. Explain to the patient why hoarding is not acceptable 34. Which medication is commonly prescribed to slow cognitive decline in early-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease? A. Haloperidol B. Donepezil C. Lorazepam D. Atorvastatin 35. Which caregiver statement requires further teaching? A. “I try to give her simple, one-step directions.” B. “We put a motion sensor alarm on the front door.” C. “We keep mirrors covered because she gets scared.” D. “I correct her when she forgets the names of family members.” SITUATION 8: A 70-year-old male with a 4-year history of Parkinson’s disease is admitted for evaluation of worsening tremors and difficulty walking. He lives at home with his wife and takes carbidopa-levodopa three times daily. During the exam, the patient demonstrates a stooped posture, slow speech, shuffling gait, and cogwheel rigidity in the arms. His wife reports he’s recently had more trouble swallowing and sometimes “forgets” to take his pills. 36. What is the priority concern for this patient? A. Impaired verbal communication B. Risk for aspiration C. Social isolation D. Risk for caregiver role strain 37. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of carbidopa-levodopa? A. Increases serotonin to regulate mood B. Inhibits dopamine reuptake to reduce tremor C. Replaces dopamine in the brain to improve motor control D. Blocks acetylcholine to relax muscle rigidity 38. Which statement by the patient’s wife indicates a need for further teaching about carbidopa-levodopa? A. “I try to give his medication at the same times each day.” B. “I avoid giving him protein-rich meals right before the dose.” C. “If the tremors suddenly stop, I’ll assume the medicine is working.” D. “I know it might take a few weeks before the medication takes effect.” 39. What is the best nursing strategy to promote safe ambulation in this patient? A. Advise him to walk quickly to overcome shuffling B. Use a walker only when he becomes fatigued C. Teach him to stop and reset posture if freezing occurs D. Encourage arms swinging while walking to prevent tremors 40. Which diet-related instruction is most important for this patient? A. “You may take your medication with milk or cheese for best absorption.” B. “Avoid protein-rich foods within 2 hours of your medication.” C. “Switch to a high-fiber, low-carb ketogenic diet.” D. “Drink less water to reduce bladder urgency.” SITUATION 9: A 38-year-old female with diagnosed Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is admitted for evaluation of worsening fatigue, drooping eyelids, and difficulty chewing. She reports missing her morning dose of pyridostigmine due to nausea. On assessment, she has ptosis, weak facial muscles, and shallow respirations. The provider suspects a myasthenic crisis and orders labs, respiratory monitoring, and a dose of pyridostigmine. 41. What is the priority nursing assessment for this patient? A. Check for bowel sounds and abdominal distention B. Assess the ability to chew and swallow C. Monitor for muscle spasms and rigidity D. Assess pupil size and photophobia 42. The nurse prepares to administer pyridostigmine. Which of the following actions is most appropriate? A. Give the medication 2 hours after meals B. Withhold the dose if the patient is tired C. Administer 30 minutes before meals D. Crush the tablet to help swallowing 43. Which finding is most concerning and requires immediate provider notification? A. Bilateral ptosis B. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min C. Difficulty keeping eyelids open D. Fatigue with prolonged talking 44. The nurse receives an order to prepare for a Tensilon test. Which emergency medication should be available during the test? A. Naloxone B. Calcium gluconate C. Atropine sulfate D. Flumazenil