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Moqeet Online Academy Notes Computer Science 9th Class Ntoes Chapter # 1 Page No. 4 Short Question Question # 1: What is the function and significance of Napier’s Bone in early computing? Answer: John Napier created Napier's Bones, a manually operated calculating device for multiplication and division. They were significant because they simplified complex arithmetic calculations before the invention of mechanical calculators. Question # 2: How did Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine differ from the Analytical Engine? Answer: The Difference Engine was designed by Charles Babbage to perform simple mathematical calculations, such as polynomial equations using the method of finite differences. The Analytical Engine, however, was a more complex, general-purpose computing machine that could be programmed using punched cards. It was the first design to include an ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), control flow (conditional branching and loops), and memory, making it the predecessor of modern computers. Question # 3: What is the primary goal of fifth-generation computers? Answer: The primary goal of fifth-generation computers is to develop machines that can process natural language and learn from their experiences (i.e., artificial intelligence). These computers aim to use massively parallel computing and advanced AI technologies to perform tasks that mimic human reasoning and decision-making. Question # 4: Name the three types of memory mentioned on the motherboard in the Von Neumann architecture. Answer: In the Von Neumann architecture, the three types of memory commonly referred to are: 1. Primary Memory (RAM): Directly accessible by the CPU for storing data and instructions. 2. Secondary Memory (Hard Drives/Storage): Stores data permanently until it is deleted or overwritten. Feel Free to contact us at
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