Tiêu đề RECALLS 2 (NP4) - STUDENT COPY ✅

RECALLS EXAMINATION 2 NURSING PRACTICE IV CARE OF CLIENTS WITH PHYSIOLOGIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ALTERATIONS (PART B) NOVEMBER 2024 Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination Review GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: 1. This test questionnaire contains 100 test questions 2. Shade only one (1) box for each question on your answer sheets. Two or more boxes shaded will invalid your answer. 3. AVOID ERASURES. 4. Detach one (1) answer sheet from the bottom of your Examinee ID/Answer Sheet Set. 5. Write the subject title “NURSING PRACTICE IV” on the box provided Situation: Understanding cranial nerve functions is crucial for nurses, as it enables them to accurately assess and identify neurological deficits, facilitate precise diagnoses, and ensure timely interventions, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes. 1. Which cranial nerve is responsible for carrying smell impulses from nasal mucous membrane to brain? A. CN II B. CN I C. CN V D. CN VII 2. What is the cranial nerve containing sensory fibers for taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and stimulates secretions from the salivary glands and tears from lacrimal glands? A. CN IX B. CN X C. CN VII D. CN XII 3. Which cranial nerve innervates the neck muscle of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles to promote movement of the shoulders and head rotation? A. CN XII B. CN XI C. CN X D. CN IX 4. The nurse is assessing the neurologic system of an adult client. To test client motor function of facial nerve the nurse should: A. Ask client to purse lips B. Ask client to open mouth and say “ah” C. Note presence of gag reflex D. Observe client swallow a sip of water 5. During a comprehensive neurologic assessment, the nurse is required to identify the sensory cranial nerves. Considering the role of cranial nerves in transmitting sensory information. Which cranial nerves are classified exclusively as sensory? A. CN III, CN IV, CN VI B. CN V, CN VII, CN IX C. CN I, CN II, CN VIII D. CN X, CN XI, CN XII Situation: Nurses play a crucial role in managing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) by providing comprehensive assessments, implementing therapeutic interventions, offering emotional support, educating patients about coping strategies, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals to develop individualized care plans aimed at improving the patient's quality of life. 6. What is the primary characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder? A. Recurrent panic attacks B. Persistent worry and anxiety C. Extreme mood swings D. Hallucinations and delusions 7. At what stage of life is the onset of General Anxiety Disorder? A. Occurs first early in life B. Occurs first late in life C. Early adulthood D. Adolescence 8. Which neurotransmitter is believed to be dysregulated in individuals with Generalized Anxiety Disorder? A. Glutamate B. Dopamine C. Acetylcholine D. GABA 9. How long must excessive worry and anxiety persist to meet the diagnostic criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)? A. At least 2 weeks B. At least 2 months C. At least 3 months D. At least 6 months 10. What are the most effective pharmacological treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)? A. Fluoxetine and Risperidone B. Aripiprazole and Lithium C. Methylphenidate and Haloperidol D. Buspirone and Fluoxetine Situation: Nurses are pivotal in managing paranoid disorder patients by providing support, administering medications, monitoring for symptoms, and fostering therapeutic relationships. They educate patients and families, promote treatment adherence, and facilitate access to resources for ongoing support and rehabilitation. 11. Which stage of psychosocial development might a client experience difficulty in, potentially leading to the development of paranoid disorder? A. Ego Integrity vs. Despair B. Generativity vs. Stagnation C. Identity vs. Role Confusion D. Industry vs. Inferiority 12. During morning rounds, the nurse approaches Bogard, a patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Bogart often exhibits signs of agitation and suspicion, particularly towards healthcare providers. As the nurse begins to engage with him, she observes his guarded demeanor and apprehensive glances around the room. While attending to Bogart, a patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, the nurse carefully approaches their interactions. Which approach is inappropriate for communicating with Bogart? A. Express warmth and enthusiasm B. Avoid physical contact with Jose C. Avoid engaging in arguments about Jose's hallucinations and delusions D. Employing simple and clear language 13. During a routine check-in with Bogart, a patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, he expresses, "The voices are 1 | Page
telling me bad things again!" In this scenario, which response from the nurse would be most appropriate? A. "Whose voices are those?" B. "I doubt what the voices are telling you." C. “I do not hear the voice you say you hear." D. "Are you sure you hear these voices?" 14. During a therapy session with a client diagnosed with paranoid personality disorder, the psychologist notices recurring patterns of defense mechanisms exhibited by the client. What is the most common defense mechanism used by a paranoid client? A. Displacement B. Suppression C. Rationalization D. Projection 15. How does paranoid disorder typically affect interpersonal relationships? A. Fosters collaboration and mutual respect B. Provokes social withdrawal and hostility C. Encourages openness and vulnerability D. Cultivates assertiveness and compromise Situation: Comprehending the fundamentals of psychiatric medication is vital for nurses as it empowers them to deliver safe and efficient care to individuals with mental health conditions. Proficiency in these medications enables nurses to administer them correctly, monitor for adverse effects, and educate patients on their treatment plans. 16. What potential effects should be closely monitored in a patient taking Olanzapine, an antipsychotic medication commonly prescribed for psychiatric conditions? A. Extrapyramidal effects B. Serotonin syndrome C. Weight gain and metabolic changes D. Hypertensive crisis 17. The physician decided to order medication restraint, the nurse will prepare: A. Phenytoin B. Diazepam C. Atenolol D. Haloperidol 18. During evening rounds, the nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. The client, Mark, is pacing back and forth, muttering to himself, and appears visibly agitated. He is experiencing auditory hallucinations, responding to voices that are not present in the environment. Mark becomes increasingly agitated and aggressive, making it difficult for the nursing staff to provide care. What is the drug of choice in managing Mark's psychotic symptoms? A. Risperidone B. Lorazepam C. Fluoxetine D. Methylphenidate 19. What appropriate health teaching should the nurse emphasize when administering antianxiety drugs like Benzodiazepines? A. Stress the importance of abstaining from alcohol consumption due to its potential to enhance the drug's effects. B. Educate the patient he can discontinue the medication abruptly without orders C. Emphasize that he can operate a vehicle or heavy machinery due to potential delayed response of medication D. Instruct the patient that antianxiety drugs can treat the underlying problem 20. When taking anticonvulsant drugs like Lithium, which appropriate health teaching should the nurse emphasize? A. Time of last dose must be accurate so that blood level monitoring is accurate B. Patient should increase intake of sodium C. Patient will not experience polyuria and polydipsia D. Patient will need to increase fluid intake due to constipation Situation: Nurses play a crucial role in managing psychiatric patients by providing comprehensive care that encompasses both physical and mental health. Their holistic approach ensures that patients receive compassionate care tailored to their unique needs, promoting recovery and improving overall well-being. 21. A nurse assigned to a depressed client takes a day off to spend time listening to the client, who has been crying for several days. The nurse is demonstrating: A. Sympathetic behavior B. Transference C. Empathetic behavior D. Countertransference 22. A patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia is admitted and later learns that his parent has developed a COVID-19 infection. What will be the expected behavior of the patient? A. Will not talk about the parent’s condition B. Overreacting upon hearing the news C. Overthink with an objective point of view D. Exhibit increased withdrawal and isolation 23. A nurse is caring for a client with a severe phobia of spiders. As part of the treatment plan, the therapist introduces the client to short periods of exposure to spiders. The nurse recognizes that this form of behavior modification, where the client is gradually exposed to the phobic object while remaining relaxed, is best described as: A. Systematic desensitization B. Aversion therapy C. Self-control therapy D. Operant conditioning 24. During a therapy session at a child development center, a preschool-age child named Lily sits quietly in a playroom corner, avoiding interaction with other children. The child's behavior suggests underlying trauma, as noted by the center's staff who are aware of Lily's history of physical and sexual abuse. What would be the most advantageous therapy for Lily given her history of abuse? A. Family Therapy B. Group Therapy C. Psychoanalysis D. Play Therapy 25. A nurse was assigned to Max, a young adult who was diagnose with obsessive-compulsive disorder, which the nurse seeks to better understand. Amidst the various descriptions of OCD, the nurse ponders its precise nature to provide appropriate support and guidance to Max. Reflecting on Max's behavior and the complexities of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which description BEST captures the essence of this condition? A. Pathological persistence of involuntary mental processes B. Continual intrusive thoughts C. Persistent, distressing thoughts followed by corresponding actions D. Compulsion to repeatedly engage in specific actions or rituals Situation: In caring for patients with Parkinson's disease, nurses play a crucial role in managing symptoms, providing medication, and offering support for mobility and daily activities. They educate patients and their families about the disease, promote adherence to treatment plans, and ensure a safe environment to prevent falls and injuries. 26. What is the primary early sign of Parkinson's disease? A. Bradykinesia B. Akinesia C. Cogwheel Rigidity D. Resting Tremor 27. What is the medication that is used for treating Parkinson's disease symptoms and also acts as an antiviral for influenza A? A. Levodopa B. Amantadine C. Carbidopa D. Ropinirole 28. When taking levodopa for Parkinson's disease, which of the following substances should be avoided due to its potential to interfere with the medication's effectiveness? A. Potassium B. Pyridoxine 2 | Page
C. Calcium D. Folic Acid 29. While caring for a Parkinson's patient the nurse assesses the patient's condition and considers which nursing diagnosis should be prioritized. Which of the following should be the primary concern? A. Ineffective coping B. Imbalanced nutrition C. Risk for injury D. Mood alteration 30. A patient is scheduled to undergo a colonoscopy. What is the best preparation for this procedure? A. NPO for 6-8 hours B. Enema C. NPO for 12-24 hours D. Clear liquid diet Situation: In the psychiatric unit, Nurse Mia encounters a patient named Lisa who is visibly agitated and experiencing symptoms of anxiety, such as restlessness and rapid breathing. Lisa explains that she has been struggling with overwhelming feelings of worry and tension lately. 31. The nurse reflects on the nature of anxiety and wonders if it can be transferred. Considering her observations and experience, she ponders: "Is anxiety transferable?" A. No, anxiety is not solely determined by genetics. B. Yes, if a first-degree relative has anxiety, there's a higher risk of developing it. C. No, anxiety cannot be solely attributed to environmental factors. D. Yes, anxiety can be influenced by environmental stressors and experiences. 32. As Nurse Mia prepares to administer medication to help alleviate Lisa's symptoms, she considers which medication is most suitable for anxious patients. Which medication is indicated for anxious patients? A. Imipramine B. Haloperidol C. Diazepam D. Chlorpromazine 33. As Lisa discusses the signs and symptoms of anxiety with his nurse, she becomes curious about the extent to which perception can be disrupted in different states of anxiety. In which state does complete disruption of perception occur? A. Panic state of anxiety B. In severe anxiety C. In moderate anxiety D. In mild anxiety 34. In a session with Nurse Mia, Lisa expresses her overwhelming anxiety. Nurse Mia educates Lisa about the psychological responses associated with severe anxiety. Which of the following responses is not typically observed in severe anxiety? A. Increased use of automatism B. Inability to complete tasks C. Behavior aimed at relieving anxiety D. Perceptual field reduced to one detail or scattered details 35. In the midst of Nurse Mia's interaction with Lisa, she suddenly exhibits panic physiological symptoms. Which of the following responses best describes the physiological manifestations of panic anxiety? A. Hypersensitivity to noise, restlessness while remaining stationary, fidgeting B. Bolting and running, complete immobility and silence, dilated pupils C. Intense headache, trembling, rigid posture, chest discomfort D. Profuse sweating, elevated voice pitch, rapid speech rate Situation: Mrs. Thompson, a 62-year-old woman, visits the ophthalmology clinic for a routine eye examination. During the assessment, the nurse observes that Mrs. Thompson has a family history of glaucoma. She complains of occasional headaches and difficulty seeing objects. 36. Which medication should not be used for glaucoma? A. Atropine B. Timolol C. Pilocarpine D. Brimonidine 37. What should the nurse do when the patient experiences a painful eye with halos around light? A. Administer eye drops B. Reassure the patient that it's normal C. Report to the healthcare provider D. Provide painkillers 38. What are the signs and symptoms of open-angle glaucoma? A. Loss of peripheral vision B. Blurred central vision C. Photophobia D. Eye redness 39. Which diagnostic test is commonly used to detect glaucoma? A. Tonometry B. Electroretinography C. Visual field testing D. Fluorescein angiography 40. What is the nursing responsibility during tonometry? A. Administer eye drops B. Comfort the patient C. Record the time of day D. Measure intraocular pressure Situation: Nurses play a crucial role in caring for patients with bipolar disorder by closely monitoring their mood changes, ensuring medication adherence, providing emotional support, and collaborating with the healthcare team to develop and adjust treatment plans as needed. 41. During morning rounds, Nurse Maria notices that her patient, Alex, who has bipolar disorder, is exhibiting signs of mania. What are common manifestations of mania in patients with bipolar disorder? A. Hyperactivity and euphoria B. Fatigue and irritability C. Social withdrawal and sadness D. Decreased energy and apathy 42. Nurse Maria is conducting an assessment of Mark, a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Mark has been experiencing symptoms of depression, which is characterized by, except: A. Excessive sleeping B. Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities C. Reduced energy and motivation D. Flamboyant behavior 43. During an assessment of Mark, a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder, Nurse Maria notices that Mark is experiencing transient psychotic symptoms. Considering Mark's condition, Nurse Maria understands the need to address these symptoms effectively. Which of the following medications would be the drug of choice to treat these transient psychotic symptoms? A. Mood stabilizer B. Diazepam C. Lithium D. Haloperidol 44. When assessing a patient with bipolar disorder, which aspect of the patient's life should the nurse focus on? A. Ability to get people on his side B. Disruption in some aspects of his life C. Desire for intimate relationship D. Increased acceptance from other people 45. Which of the following symptoms is NOT indicative of extrapyramidal symptoms caused by Haloperidol? A. Acute dystonia B. Akathisia C. Pseudo-parkinsonism D. Increased libido Situation: Nurses are integral in guiding stroke patients through their care continuum, from acute treatment to rehabilitation. They conduct thorough assessments, monitoring neurological signs and responses to interventions closely. Collaborating with interdisciplinary teams, they ensure timely administration of thrombolytic therapy and other interventions aimed at minimizing brain damage. 3 | Page
46. A patient suffered a stroke and developed hemiplegia. What will be the priority assessment during the first 24 hours of admission? A. Urinary incontinence B. Unequal pupil size C. Impaired speech D. Muscle strength in the unaffected limbs 47. Which of the following practices is NOT recommended for oral care in stroke patients? A. Placing the suction machine at the bedside B. Using a padded tongue depressor to open the mouth C. Positioning the patient in semi-Fowler's position D. Using a toothbrush for oral care 48. Which of the following antibiotics is NOT typically used for skin and wound infections to promote faster healing? A. Doxycycline B. Levofloxacin C. Amoxicillin D. Cephalexin 49. Nurse Jenna is providing oral care to Mr. Smith, a client recovering from a stroke. She carefully brushes his teeth and cleans his mouth to maintain oral hygiene. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of oral care for a client like Mr. Smith? A. Improves the client’s appearance and self-confidence B. Enhances appetite and taste of food C. Decreases bacteria in the mouth and teeth D. Reduces the need to use commercial mouthwash, which can irritate the buccal mucosa 50. As Nurse Jenna is providing oral care to Mr. Smith, she noticed that the patient has difficulty breathing and is often mouth breathing, which causes dryness of his mouth and an unpleasant odor. In addition to regular oral hygiene, Nurse Jenna plans to keep Mr. Smith's mouth moistened. Which of the following would be the most suitable option for keeping Mr. Smith's mouth moistened? A. Petroleum jelly B. Mentholated ointment C. Salt solution D. Water Situation: Nurses in the Philippines are vital in addressing the rising issue of alcoholism, particularly among teenagers. By advocating for preventive measures and accessible treatment options, nurses contribute significantly to combating the growing trend of alcoholism in the country. 51. Nurse Jenna is assessing Mr. Robinson, a patient who has a history of alcohol use and is scheduled for a comprehensive health evaluation. Nurse Jenna needs to determine the best method to assess Mr. Robinson's recent alcohol consumption. Which specimen should she choose? A. Hair shaft B. Serum C. Sputum D. Urine 52. As Nurse Jenna is assessing Mr. Robinson, he reports experiencing significant memory loss, which concerns both him and his family. To better understand his condition, Nurse Jenna considers the type of memory loss commonly associated with alcoholism. Memory loss in chronic alcoholism is most similar to: A. Amnesia B. Dementia C. Alzheimer D. Neuritis 53. Nurse Jenna is caring for Mr. Robinson, who has been prescribed Disulfiram to support sobriety. She needs to monitor the patient for any side effects of the medication. Which of the following is a common side effect of this drug? A. Hypertension B. Bradycardia C. Drowsiness D. Depression 54. A patient is on a low sodium diet due to edema. Which food should the patient be encouraged to avoid? A. Pickles B. Apple C. Banana D. Pears 55. Nurse Jenna is educating a patient who has recently been prescribed disulfiram for alcohol dependency. She emphasizes the importance of being aware of common products that contain alcohol, as these can trigger the same adverse reactions as drinking alcohol itself. Jenna advises the patient to read product labels carefully to ensure they are alcohol-free. Which of the following products should the patient be cautious of when taking disulfiram? A. Shaving cream B. Aftershave lotion C. Cologne D. All of the above Situation: After undergoing a laminectomy procedure, Mr. Garcia is recovering in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Nurse Jane is tasked with ensuring Mr. Garcia's comfort and safety during the immediate postoperative period. 56. What is the recommended positioning for Mr. Garcia immediately after laminectomy surgery? A. Keeping flat on the bed for 1-2 hours B. Maintaining a supine position for 6-8 hours C. Keeping in semi-Fowler's position D. Lying supine with the support of a pillow 57. Nurse Jane is assisting Dr. Hernandez in performing a lumbar puncture on Mr. Thompson. The procedure is successfully completed, and upon inspection, the cerebrospinal fluid appears clear. What is the most likely interpretation of clear cerebrospinal fluid observed during the lumbar puncture? A. Indication of infection B. Normal finding C. Evidence of hemorrhage D. Suggestive of autoimmune disorder 58. What is the primary action of nurse after lumbar puncture? A. Administer IV fluids B. Immediate ambulation C. Send specimen to the laboratory D. Flat on bed for 1 hour 59. A patient has recently undergone total hip replacement surgery and is now in the early stages of recovery. Preventing complications such as hip dislocation is paramount during this critical period. What is the most appropriate position immediately after surgery to minimize the risk of hip dislocation? A. External hip rotation with slight extension B. Passive hip flexion with knee extension C. Internal hip rotation with mild adduction D. Moderate abduction with neutral rotation 60. A patient has undergone left pelvic surgery and is in the post-operative recovery phase. The nurse is conducting education to ensure the patient understands the necessary precautions and activities for a smooth recovery. What statement requires further teaching? A. I will be lying on the bed for 2-4 hours after surgery B. I will perform leg strengthening exercises on both legs C. I will use a pillow between my legs when lying on my side D. I will avoid crossing my legs or bending my hip beyond 90 degrees Situation: In the Philippines, depression is a significant public health concern, affecting individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Efforts are underway to increase awareness, improve access to mental health resources, and promote understanding and acceptance of mental health issues in Filipino society. 61. A patient diagnosed with depression is discussing treatment options with their psychiatrist. The nurse suddenly asked the psychiatrist about the neurotransmitters are primarily affected in depression. The psychiatrist is correct when she answered: A. Norepinephrine and Dopamine B. Serotonin and GABA C. Dopamine and Serotonin D. Serotonin and Norepinephrine 4 | Page