Tiêu đề 36. ESSENTIAL DRUGS CONCEPT AND RATIONAL DRUG THERAPY.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 2  They are selected with due regard to disease prevalence, evidence of efficacy and safety, and comparative cost effectiveness.  This is a very vibrant and progressive concept, as the need to regularly update the selection of medicines on the list based on current evidence, changes in resistance patterns of organisms, emerging diseases, newer molecules as well as improved formulations are all taken into account. ADVANTAGES OF HAVING ESSENTIAL MEDICAL LIST:  In developing countries, most deaths occur from treatable causes such as diarrhea, pneumonia, neonatal sepsis, and so on. If the medicines needed to treat these conditions were available in the health facilities at an affordable price, in sufficient quantity and in good quality, and reached those who needed them, then a large proportion of these deaths would be prevented.  Having a limited list also makes procurement easier. If there are too many medicines, procuring the correct formulation in appropriate quantities becomes difficult. Also, storage becomes unmanageable. Keeping track of a smaller number of medicines and preventing stock-outs becomes easier. If the public health facilities are spread over a large geographical area, transporting a smaller number of medicines in the required quantities is easier.  The question of assuring good quality is also linked to having a limited list, since testing the quality will be cheaper.  The most important advantage is to the doctors who prescribe the medicines and to the pharmacists who dispense them. With a restricted list, doctors and pharmacists can acquire an in-depth knowledge of the clinical pharmacology of the drugs and make sure that they are used appropriately. Pharmacists can counsel patients on the optimal use of the medicine. Studies have repeatedly shown that a prescriber uses a maximum of only about 50 drugs whether they be prescribers at primary healthcare level or hospital doctors, including consultants. If most of these drugs come from the EML and are therefore familiar to prescribers, it increases the efficiency of the healthcare system.  Since all the medicines listed in the Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) and national health programs will be listed in the EML, patients will be treated according to accepted guidelines.