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Continuing professional development programs Definition: continuing education in pharmacy profession is a structured process of education designed or intended to support continuous development for pharmacist to maintain and enhance professional competence. Principles of cpd: *cpd is a systematic process ongoing continuous process of self - directed learning. *cpd include everything that practitioners learn that enables them to be more effective as professional. *cpd includes the entire scope of practitioners practice and may include activities both within or inside usual work settings. *cpd can strengthens the relationship between practitioner and his organization. *practitioners are responsible for their own professional development. The organization has a role in helping practitioner and meet needs in related to his profession and job
Reflection on practice * Reflection on practice is the process that is used to ‘self-diagnose’ our learning needs. Critical incident analysis: *Critical incident analysis is about learning from meaningful events, and involves taking a thoughtful approach to a particular event and looking at the outcome. *It is not important if the outcome to the event was positive or negative. The important issue is that the event is analyzed and the question asked: ‘What did I do to bring about this positive/negative outcome? Appraisal and peer review: *Appraisal and peer review are an excellent way of assessing learning needs. Typically the way we view our own work is often different from the way that our line manager or colleagues see us. Professional audit: *A professional audit involves systematic evaluation of professional work against set standards. *Professional audit is a useful tool when reflecting on our learning needs. Critical reflection on the information provided by an audit can act as a stimulus to help identify individual learning need Reading and continuing education events: *Active reading of journal articles and the participation in CE activities such as workshops can often encourage the wider exploration of an area of personal development. *The consideration of questions such as those found in the ‘Checkpoint’ sections at the start of the chapters in this book can be a useful tool. Reflecting on RPSGB areas of competence: *Another approach is to regularly take stock of our competence by matching our own self- assessed competence against published criteria. *specific learning objectives: *The SMART acronym is a useful tool . S –specific: the objective should state clearly what it is that you want to be able to do. M – measurable: will it be possible to determine if you have met your learning objective? A –achievable: will it be possible to achieve your objective when you take into account resources such as time, cost and support? R –relevant: is the learning objective relevant to your practice? The more specific your objective, the more useful it is likely to be. Avoid using woolly or broad statements. T – timed: your specific objective needs a specific deadline for your goal Planning *The first part of the planning stage is to decide on the urgency of the identified objectives. *The second stage of the planning process is to consider the importance of the learning objective in terms of how the learning will impact on yourself, your colleagues, your organization and your service users. Action *This part of the CPD process is about implementing plans that have been selected during the planning stage. *The specific plans are carried out within the defined time limit and a summary is made of what has been achieved. *Once the planned activity has taken place, it is time to move on to the evaluation stage
Evaluation *At this stage of the CPD cycle, questions are being asked such as: -Has my learning objective been met? -Have I tested if what I have learnt can be applied to practice? -Were there any problems with the reflection, planning or action parts of the CPD cycle? Plan and record -The pharmacist CPD record should comply with the good practice criteria published by the RPSGB. - Good practice criteria and useful advice to support the pharmacist in recording their CPD are available on the RPSGB Plan and Record. Referring to these criteria can help to ensure that the CPD portfolio is balanced. -It is important that a CPD record includes examples of learning that starts at action, and learning that starts at reflection. Barriers: *Cpd is a time consuming process *Difficult in identifying learning activities *Evaluating cpd activities. Conclusion: *CPD is seen as a fundamental component of the quality improvement agenda and good professional practice. *The pharmacist is required to recognize the limits of their professional competence, practice only in those areas in which they are competent to do so and refer to others where necessary. *It is important to get started with the CPD process. Many pharmacists are not engaging fully in CPD and need further support to enable them to do so.