Tiêu đề EXCRETORY PRODUCTS & THEIR ELIMINATION.pdf ✅

Excretory Products and their Elimination  Digital www.allendigital.in [ 157 ] EXCRETORY MATTER, KIDNEY, NEPHRON 1. In the diagram of excretory system of human beings given below, different parts have been indicated by alphabets choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the parts which they represent:- (1) A = Kidney, B = Dorsal aorta, C = Ureter, D = Urinary bladder, E = Urethra, F = Renal pelvis (2) A = Kidney, B = Dorsal aorta, C = Urethra, D=Urinary bladder, E=Ureter, F=Renal pelvis (3) A = Kidney, B = Renal pelvis, C = Urethra, D=Urinary bladder, E=Ureter, F=Renal pelvis (4) A = Kidney, B = Dorsal aorta, C = Urethra, D=Urinary bladder, E=Renal pelvis, F=Ureter 2. Nitrogenous waste products are eliminated mainly as - (1) Urea in tadpole & ammonia in adult frog (2) Ammonia in tadpole and urea in adult frog (3) Urea in both tadpole & adult frog. (4) Urea in tadpole and uric acid in adult frog. 3. Ammonia is the main nitrogenous excretory material in (1) Amphibians (2) Aves (3) Tadpoles (4) Reptiles 4. The blood vessel taking blood towards Bowman's capsule is (1) Afferent arteriole (2) Efferent arteriole (3) Renal vein (4) Renal portal vein. 5. Each kidney of an adult human measures :- Length Width Thickness Weight (1) 10-12 cm 5-7 cm 2-3 cm 120-170 gm (2) 10-20 cm 10-12 cm 6-12 cm 40-50 gm (3) 2-6 cm 10-12 cm 6-12 cm 40-50 gm (4) 10-20 mm 5-7 mm 2-3 cm 120-170 mg 6. Read the following statements about human excretory system and choose the correct option accordingly. I. Kidneys are reddish brown and bean- shaped structure. II. Kidneys are situated between the last thoracic to third lumbar vertebra. III. Each kidney of an adult human measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm in width, 2-3 cm thickness, and average weight 120- 170 gram. (1) I and II (2) II and III (3) III and I (4) All 7. Excretion is- (1) Removal of substances required by body (2) Removal of useless substances and substances present in excess (3) Formation of substances having some role in body (4) 1 and 2 both 8. In mammals the urinary bladder opens into (1) Uterus (2) Urethra (3) Vestibule (4) Ureter 9. Which of the following is not a function of kidney? (1) Regulation of arterial pressure (2) Excretion of metabolic waste and foreign chemicals. (3) Secretion of hormones like erythropoietin and renin. (4) Secretion of HCl and castle intrinsic factor (CIF). Exercise - I A C D E F B
NEET : Biology [ 158 ] www.allendigital.in  Digital 10. Urea is derived from (1) Fats (2) Amino acids (3) Carbohydrates (4) Uric acid 11. Animals which excrete large amount of ammonia are (1) Terrestrial (2) Amphibians (3) Egg laying (4) Aquatic 12. Ureotelic animals are those in which the main nitrogenous waste product is (1) Amino acids (2) Urea (3) Uric acid (4) Ammonia 13. Excretory product of mammals is (1) Salts (2) Glucose (3) Urea (4) Ammonia 14. Malpighian corpuscles occur in (1) Medulla (2) Cortex (3) Pelvis (4) Pyramid 15. Brush border is characteristic of (1) Neck of nephron (2) Collecting tube (3) Proximal convoluted tubule (4) All the above 16. In cockroach, the excretory product is (1) Ammonia (2) Uric acid (3) Urea (4) Both 1 and 3 17. Ornithine cycle operates in (1) Stomach (2) Pancreas (3) Liver (4) Oral cavity 18. Ornithine cycle performs (1) ATP synthesis (2) Urea formation in spleen (3) Urea formation in liver (4) Urine formation in liver 19. Uriniferous tubules occur in (1) Stomach (2) Testes (3) Ovary (4) Kidney 20. Identify A to D in the given structure and choose the correct option accordingly. (1) A-Calyx, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Ureter (2) A-Calyx, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Urethra (3) A-Urethra, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Calyx (4) A-Urethra, B-Calyx, C-Renal column, D-Cortex 21. The two kidneys lie in man (1) At the level of ovaries (2) At the same level (3) Left kidney at a higher level than the right one (4) Right kidney at a higher level than the left one 22. Vasa recta are tubular capillaries around (1) Posterior part of alimentary canal (2) PCT (3) Loop of Henle (4) DCT 23. Diameter of the renal afferent vessel is (1) Same as that of efferent (2) Smaller than that of efferent (3) Larger than that of efferent (4) There is no efferent vessel 24. Choose the mismatched part of nephron with their function. (1) Bowman's capsule-Glomerular filtration (2) PCT-Reabsorption of Na+ and K+ (3) DCT-Reabsorption of glucose (4) Loop of Henle-Urine concentration 25. A notch present on the medial side of kidney is known as (1) Ureter (2) Pelvis (3) Hilus (4) Pyramid 26. Which is false (1) Nephron-Excretion (2) Alveoli-Respiration (3) Kidney-osmoregulation (4) None of these 27. The snakes living in deserts are mainly (1) Ammonotelic (2) Aminotelic (3) Ureotelic (4) Uricotelic 28. Which one is not the function of kidney? (1) Osmoregulation (2) Salt retention (3) Excretion (4) Synthesis of urea A Renal artery D B C
Excretory Products and their Elimination  Digital www.allendigital.in [ 159 ] 29. Ammonia is the chief excretory substance in (1) Camel and whale (2) Cartilaginous fishes (3) Whale and Tortoise (4) Fresh water fishes 30. One of the following excrete urea (1) Snakes (2) Birds (3) Insects (4) Mammals 31. Uric acid excretion is an adaptation for (1) Water conservation (2) Water removal (3) Osmoregulation (4) None 32. NH3 is (1) Less toxic (2) Toxic (3) Highly toxic (4) None 33. Out of the four parts given below, which parts play significant role in forming concentrated urine in human ? I. Loop of Henle II. Glomerulus III. Bowman's capsule IV. Vasa recta The correct option is (1) I and II (2) III and IV (3) II and III (4) I and IV 34. Which is absent in Glomerular filtrate? (1) Blood corpuscles (2) Fats (3) Proteins (4) All 35. Urine formed by nephrons is ultimately carried to ....A... where it is stored till a voluntary signal is given by the ...B... . This signal is initiated by ...C... of urinary bladder. Choose the correct option for A, B and C. (1) A-Urethra, B-CNS, C-PNS (2) A-Urinary bladder, B-CNS, C-stretching (3) A-Urethra, B-CNS, C-Stretching (4) A-Urethra, B-CNS, C-ANS 36. Conversion of ammonia to urea is done by.............. Cycle - (1) Ornithine cycle (2) Arginine cycle (3) Fumaric cycle (4) Citrulline cycle 37. The movement of Ions against the concentration gradient will be- (1) Active transport (2) Osmosis (3) Diffusion (4) All 38. Correct order of excretory organs in Cockroach, Earthworm and Rabbit respectively :– (1) Skin, malpighi tubules, kidney (2) Malpighi tubules, nephridia, kidney (3) Nephridia, malpighi tubules, kidney (4) Nephridia, kidney, green gland 39. Which one of the following body functions is not performed by kidneys? (1) Excretion (2) Osmoregulation (3) Regulation of blood volume (4) Destruction of dead blood corpuscles 40. Nitrogen is excreted in mammals in the form of :- (1) Ammonium ion (2) Ammonia (3) Uric acid (4) Urea 41. Which one of the four parts mentioned below does not constitute a part of a single uriniferous tubule? (1) Bowman's capsule (2) Distal convoluted tubule (3) Loop of Henle (4) Collecting duct 42. Match the following : (A) (B) A Loop of Henle 1 Carries blood to the kidney B Renal artery 2 Area where a considerable amount of reabsorption takes place C Proximal convoluted tubule 3 Main area of K+, H+ secretion D Glomerulus 4 Filtration of blood E Distal convoluted tubule 5 Plays a role in concentration of urine The correct pairing sequence is : (1) 5,1,2,4,3 (2) 5,1,2,3,4 (3) 1,5,3,4,2 (4) 2, 1, 3, 5, 4 43. Which of the following is not a function of kidneys? (1) Regulation of blood pressure (2) Removal of urea (3) Regulation of acidity of fluids (4) Secretion of antibiotics
NEET : Biology [ 160 ] www.allendigital.in  Digital 44. Aquatic reptiles are : (1) Ammonotelic (2) Ureotelic over land (3) Ureotelic (4) Ureotelic in water 45. During micturition : (1) Urethra relaxes (2) Ureter contracts (3) Ureter relaxes (4) Urethra contracts 46. Which of the following are uricotelic animals? (1) Rohu and Frog (2) Lizard and Crow (3) Camel and Frog (4) Earthworm and Eagle 47. Duct of Bellini opens on : (1) Collecting duct (2) Ureter (3) Renal papilla (4) DCT 48. Loop of Henle is associated with :- (1) Excretory system (2) Respiratory system (3) Reproductive system (4) Digestive system 49. Uric acid is the main excretory product in :- (1) Insects (2) Earthworm (3) Amphibians (4) Mammals 50. Which of the following is metabolic waste of protein metabolism? (1) NH3, urea and CO2 (2) Urea, oxygen and N2 (3) Urea, ammonia and alanine (4) Urea, ammonia and creatine 51. The most abundant, harmful and universal waste product of metabolism is: (1) CO2 (2) Uric acid (3) H2O (4) C2H5OH 52. Blood vessel leading into Bowman's capsule are called :- (1) Renal vein (2) Renal artery (3) Efferent arteriole (4) Afferent arteriole PHYSIOLOGY OF URINE FORMATION 53. A man has taken large amount of protein in his diet. He will excrete more of (1) Urea (2) Uric acid (3) Sugar (4) Salts and water 54. Reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate occurs in (1) Collecting tube (2) Loop of Henle (3) Proximal convoluted tubule (4) Distal convoluted tubule 55. Occurrence of excess urea in blood due to kidney failure is (1) Urochrome (2) Uraemia (3) Uricotelism (4) Ureotelism 56. Total filtrate formed in 24 hours in human kidney is (1) 1.8 litres (2) 8.0 litres (3) 18 litres (4) 180 litres 57. In kidney glomerulus is involved in (1) Reabsorption of salts (2) Urine collection (3) Urine formation by blood filtration (4) Tubular secretion 58. The mechanism of urine formation in nephron involves - (1) Ultrafiltration (2) Reproduction (3) Diffusion (4) Osmosis 59. Glucose is taken back from glomerular filtrate through (1) Active transport (2) Passive transport (3) Osmosis (4) Diffusion 60. Reabsorption of chloride ions from glomerular filtrate in kidney tubule occurs by (1) Active transport (2) Diffusion (3) Osmosis (4) Brownian movement 61. Main functions of kidney is (1) Passive absorption (2) Ultrafiltration (3) Selective reabsorption (4) Both 2 and 3 62. The afferent arteriole diameter is more than efferent arteriole helps in :– (1) More blood flow to efferent arteriole (2) Creating lower pressure in glomerulus (3) Creating higher pressure in glomerulus (4) Tubular secretion