Tiêu đề 7. P1C7 (নগ্নবীজী ও আবৃতবীজী উদ্ভিদ) With Solve_Tanvir 2.3.25.pdf ✅

bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢`  Practice Content 1 Topicwise CQ Trend Analysis we.`a : 2020 mv‡j GBPGmwm cixÿv AbywôZ nqwb| Ávbg~jK cÖkœ I DËi 1. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ wK? DËit- eZ©gvb Kv‡ji †Kv‡bv RxweZ DwTM¢‡`i ‰ewkó ̈ AZxZKv‡ji †Kv‡bv Rxevk¥ DwTM¢‡`i ˆewkó ̈ Gi mv‡_ wgj m¤úbœ nq Zv‡K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ e‡j| 2. ‡Kvivj‡qW g~j wK? DËit- mvqv‡bve ̈v‡±wiqvi msμvg‡bi Kvi‡Y mvBKv‡mi g~j A‡bKUv mvgyw`aK cÖevj ev †Kviv‡ji g‡Zv †`Lv‡j Zv‡K †Kvivj‡qW g~j e‡j| 3. Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢` Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- ‡hme DwTM¢‡` dyj I exR Drcbœ nq Ges exR dj Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢` e‡j| 4. Amg‡iYycÖm~ wK? DËit- DwTM¢‡`i Rxeb P‡μ `yB ai‡bi † ̄úvi Drcbœ n‡j Zv‡K Amg‡iYycÖm~ e‡j| 5. wkivweb ̈vm wK? DËit- ‡h ixwZ Abyhvqx cÎdj‡K wkiv Dcwkiv web ̈ ̄Í _v‡K Zv‡K wkiv web ̈vm e‡j| 6. cy®úgÄwi Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- gÄwi`Û ev cy®úcÎav‡ii Dc‡i cy‡®úi mywbw`©ó web ̈vm c×wZ‡K cy®úgÄwi e‡j| 7. wbqZ ev mvB‡gvm wK? DËit- wbqZ ea©bkxj gÄwi`Ûhy3 cy®úweb ̈vm‡K mvB‡gvm e‡j| 8. ‡iwm‡gvm wK? DËit- AwbqZ ea©bkxj gÄwi`Ûhy3 cy®úweb ̈vm‡K †iwm‡gvm e‡j| 9. cy®úcyU wK? DËit- e„wZ I `j AvK...wZ I e‡Y© c„_K‡hvM ̈ bv n‡j Zv‡K cy®úcyU e‡j| 10. cy®úvÿ wK? DËit- ‡h A‡ÿi Dci cy‡®úi PviwU ̄ÍeK mvRv‡bv _v‡K Zv‡K cy®úvÿ e‡j| 11. Gw÷‡fkb Kx DËit- gyKzj Ae ̄’vq dz‡ji e„Z ̈vsk I cvcwo †h wbq‡g web ̈ ̄Í _v‡K Zv‡K Gw÷‡fkb e‡j| 12. Agiv Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- Mf©k‡qi †fZ‡i †h wUmy ̈ †_‡K wW¤^K Drcbœ nq Zv‡K Agiv e‡j| 13. cy®ú ms‡KZ Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- †h ms‡K‡Zi gva ̈‡g GKwU cy‡®úi wj1⁄2,cÖwZmvg ̈,wewfbœ ̄ÍeK,cÖwZwU ̄Íe‡Ki m`m ̈msL ̈v I web ̈vm, Zv‡`i mg I Amgms‡hvM BZ ̈vw` cÖKvk Kiv nq Zv‡K cy®úms‡KZ e‡j| 14. gvZ...Aÿ Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- DwTM¢‡`i †h Aÿ †_‡K dzj Drcbœ nq Zv‡K gvZ...Aÿ e‡j | 15. mvBKvWm wK? DËit- Cycadalese e‡M©i mKj m`m ̈‡`i Cycads ev mvBKvWm e‡j| 16. UavÝwdDkb wUmy ̈ Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- c·Ki c ̈vwj‡mW c ̈v‡ibKvBgv I ̄úwÄ c ̈v‡ibKvBgvi gv‡S eY©nxb j¤^v †Kvlmg~n‡K UavÝwdDkb wUmy ̈ e‡j| 17. wØwb‡lK Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- GKB mg‡q wW¤^vYyi mv‡_ GKwU cysM ̈vwg‡Ui wgjb I †m‡KÛvwi wbDwK¬qv‡mi mv‡_ Aci cysM ̈vwg‡Ui wgjb wÎæqv‡K wØwb‡lK e‡j| 18. A ̄’vwbK g~j Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- åƒY gyj n‡Z DTM¢zZ bv n‡q DwTM¢‡`i Ab ̈ †h‡Kv‡bv A1⁄2 n‡Z m„ó g~j‡K A ̄’vwbK g~j e‡j| 19. bMœexRx DwTM¢` wK? DËit- †hme DwTM¢‡Z Mf©vkq _vKvi Kvi‡b dj m„wó nq bv Ges G Kvi‡b exR Abve„Z Ae ̄’vq _v‡K Zv‡`i bMœexRx DwTM¢` e‡j| 20. Leaf scar wK? DËit- cvZv S‡o †M‡jI bMœexRx DwTM¢‡`i Kv‡Û we‡kl wPý †`Lv hvq, G‡K Leaf scar e‡j| 21. cvgdvb© wK? DËit- Cycas ‡ ̄úv‡ivdvBwUi, KvÛ I cvZv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv dv‡b©i KvÛ I cvZvi g‡Zv, ZvB Cycas ‡K cvgdvb© e‡j| 22. c ̈vivjvj wf‡bkb wK? DËit- cvZvi wkiv ̧‡jv ci ̄úi hy3 bv n‡q ci ̄úi mgvšÍiv‡j web ̈ ̄Í _vK‡j Zv‡K c ̈vivjvj wf‡bkb e‡j| 23. AwaMZ© Mf©vkq Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- Mf©vkq Ab ̈me ̄Íe‡Ki Dc‡i Ae ̄’vb Ki‡j Zv‡K AwaMf© e‡j| 24. A‡avMf© wK? DËit- Mf©vkq Ab ̈me ̄Íe‡Ki wb‡P Ae ̄’vb Ki‡j Zv‡K A‡avMf© e‡j| 25. AcÖwZmg cy®ú wK? DËit- ‡h cy‡®ú Lvovfv‡e †e›`a eivei KvU‡j †Kv‡bvevi mgvb `ywU As‡k fvM nq bv Zv‡K AcÖwZmg cy®ú e‡j| 26. cÖK...Z dj Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- Mf©vkq †_‡K Drcbœ dj‡K cÖK...Z dj e‡j| 27. GKexRcÎx DwTM¢` Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- ‡h mKj Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢‡`i ex‡R GKwU exRcÎ _v‡K Zv‡K GKexRcÎx DwTM¢` e‡j| . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gymnosperms And Angiosperms bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢` 07 UwcK 2016 2017 2018 2019 2021 2022 2023 ‡gvU bMœexRx DwTM¢` Cycas - 3 - - 4 3 7 17 Cycas Gi Rbb I A_©‰bwZK ̧iæZ¡ - - - - 2 2 1 5 Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢` - - - - 4 2 2 8 Poaceae †MvÎ - 3 1 4 6 5 7 26 Malvaceae ‡MvÎ 1 1 1 3 8 7 5 26
bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢`  Practice Content 2 28. wØexRcÎx DwTM¢` Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- ‡hme Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢‡`i ex‡R `ywU exRcÎ _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K wØexRcÎx DwTM¢` e‡j| 29. Aÿxq Agivweb ̈vm wK? DËit- ‡h Agivweb ̈v‡m Mf©vkq GKvwaK cÖ‡Kv‡ô wef3 _v‡K Ges cÖwZwU K‡ÿ ga ̈A‡ÿ cøv‡m›Uv _v‡K Zv‡K Aÿxq Agivweb ̈vm e‡j| 30. g~jxq Agivweb ̈vm Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- ‡h Agiv web ̈v‡m Mf©vkq GK cÖ‡Kvôwewkó nq Ges cøv‡m›Uv Mf©vk‡qi †Mvovq _v‡K Zv‡K g~jxq Agivweb ̈vm e‡j| Abyaveb g~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi 1. bMœexRx DwTM¢‡`i ˆewkó ̈ wjL| DËit- e„ÿ RvZxq, djnxb, e ̈3 ev bMœ cÖK...wZi exR ev wPinwir mcy®úK DwTM¢`‡K bMœexRx DwTM¢` e‡j| ‰ewkó ̈:  enyel©Rxex, Kvôj, ̧j¥ ev e„ÿ RvZ|  G‡`i Mfv©kq I Mf©`Û †bB  Mf©vkq bv _vKvi dj nq bv  wØ wb‡lK N‡U bv| 2. Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢‡`i ˆewkó ̈ wjL| DËit- ‡hme DwTM¢‡`i dzj, dj I exR Drcbœ nq Ges exR d‡ji †fZ‡i Ave„Z Ae ̄’vq _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢` e‡j| ‰ewkó ̈:  GKel©, eûel©, big ev Kvôj, exiær, ̧j¥ I e„ÿ RvZxq  Mf©vkq d‡j cwiYZ nq|  exR d‡ji †fZ‡i Myß Ae ̄’vq _v‡K|  wØ wb‡lK N‡U| 3. mvBKvm DwTM¢‡`i kYv3Kvix ˆewkó ̈ wjL| DËit- Cycas bMœexRx DwTM¢‡`i DrK...ó D`vniY| Cycas Gi ˆewkó ̈ mg~n wb¤œiƒc:  Cycas DwTM¢` † ̄úv‡ivdvBU| †`n, g~j, KvÛ I cvZvq wef3 |  cvZv e„nr, cÿj †hŠwMK, Kv‡Ûi gv_vi w`‡K mwc©jvKvi mw3⁄4Z|  KwP cvZvi fv‡b©kb mviwm‡bU| 4. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit- eZ©gvb Kv‡ji †Kv‡bv RxexZ DwTM¢‡`i ˆewkó ̈ AZxZKv‡ji †Kv‡bv Rxevk¥ DwTM¢‡`i ˆewkó ̈i mv‡_ wgjm¤úbœ n‡j Zv‡`i‡K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq| Cycas, Ginko biloba BZ ̈vw` DwTM¢`‡`i‡K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ e‡j| eZ©gv‡b Cycadales e‡M©i Cycas mn 9wU M‡Yi cÖvq 100 wU cÖRvwZ GLv‡bv c„w_exi ey‡K wU‡K Av‡Q| 5. ‡Kvivj‡qW g~j ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit- Cycas Gi cÖv_wgK g~j ‡_‡K cieZ©x‡Z A ̄’vwbK g~j m„wó nq| A ̄’vwbK g~j gvwUi wb‡P mwVKfv‡e e„w× †c‡jI f~wgZ‡ji Dc‡i AmsL ̈ Lv‡Uv Lv‡Uv Ø ̈vMÖ kvLvi m„wó K‡i ‡h ̧‡jv e ̈vK‡Uwiqv, nostoc, anabaena BZ ̈vw` Øviv AvμvšÍ nq| d‡j AvμvšÍ g~j ̧‡jv ̄^vfvweK bv n‡q mvgyw`aK cÖevj ev †Kviv‡ji g‡Zv †`Lvq| †KvivjvK...wZi Gme g~j‡K †Kvivj‡qW g~j e‡j| 6. Cycas DwTM¢‡`i mv‡_ dvb© DwTM¢‡`i mv`„k ̈ wjL| DËit- cvg DwTM¢` I dvb© Gi cvZvi mv‡_ mvBKv‡mi wKQzUv wgj _vKvq Cycas ‡K cvgdvb© DwTM¢` e‡j| mv`„k ̈:  Cycas I dvb© Df‡q † ̄úv‡ivdvBU|  cvZv cÿj †hŠwMK|  DwTM¢‡`i KwP cvZv KzÛwj‡Z Ae ̄’vq _v‡K|  Dfq DwTM¢‡`i ïμvYy eûd¬v‡Rjvhy3|  Amg AvK...wZi Rbyμg we` ̈gvb| 7. bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢‡`i g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËit- bMœexRx Ave„ZexRx G‡`i Mf©vkq I Mf©`Û †bB G‡`i Mf©kq I Mf©`Û Av‡Q Mf©kq bv _vKvq dj Drcbœ nq bv| Mf©vkq Av‡Q, d‡j cwiYZ nq| dj nq bv, exR , bMœ Ae ̄’vq _v‡K| dj nq, exR Ave„Z Ae ̄’vq _v‡K AvwK©‡Mvwbqv m„wó nq| AvwK©‡Mwbqv m„wó nq bv| mvaviYZ wØwb‡lK N‡U bv| wØwb‡lK N‡U| 8. Rev dz‡ji cy®ú ms‡KZ wjL| DËit- Rev dz‡ji cy®ú ms‡KZ n‡jv: ⊕♀ De„.5 e„(5) `5 cys(α) M(5) e ̈vL ̈v: gÄixcÎ I DgÄixcÎ Abycw ̄’Z| cy®úwU eûcÖwZmg Ges Dfwj1⁄2, Dce„wZ 5 wU gZ e„Z ̈vsk cvuPwU hy3, cvcwo 5wU gy3, cys‡Kki eû, GK ̧”Q‡K, Mf©vkq AwaMf©, 5 cÖ‡Kvô wewkó| 9. cy ̄ú cÖZxK ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit- ‡h cÖZx‡Ki mvnv‡h ̈ GKwU cy‡®úi gvZ...A‡ÿi Zzjbvq Gi wewfbœ ̄Íe‡Ki cy ̄úcÎ ̧‡jvi Ae ̄’vb, msL ̈v, mg‡hvM, Amgms‡hvM, cy®ú cÎweb ̈vm, Agiv web ̈vm cÖf„wZ ˆewkó ̈ ‡`Lv‡bv nq Zv‡K cy®ú cÖZxK e‡j| cy®ú cÖZxK †gvUvgywU e„ËvKvi †`Lv‡bv nq| 10. Cycas wfbœevmx †Kb? DËit- ‡hmKj DwTM¢‡` `y ai‡bi Rbb‡Kvl Avjv`v †`‡n m„wó nq Zv‡`i‡K wfbœevmx DwTM¢` e‡j| cycas GKwU wfbœevmx DwTM¢` Ges GKwj1⁄2 bMœexRx DwTM¢`| G‡`i †`‡n `yB ai‡bi ‡ ̄úvi Drcbœ nq| cysDwTM¢` †_‡K ÿz`avKvi mPj cys‡iYy ev gvB‡μv‡ ̄úvi Ges ̄¿x‡iYy †_‡K eo, wbðj ̄¿x‡iYy ev †gMv ̄úvi Drcbœ nq| 11. bMœexRx DwTM¢‡` dj m„wó bv nIqvi KviY Kx? DËit- ‡hmKj DwTM¢‡` Mf©vkq _v‡K bv Ges exR bMœ Ae ̄’vq _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K bMœexRx DwTM¢` e‡j| †h‡nZz Mf©vkq _v‡K bv, wW¤^K ̧‡jv †gMv‡ ̄úv‡ivwd‡ji Dci bMœ Ae ̄’vq _v‡K Ges wb‡l‡Ki ci Zv djnxb bMœex‡R cwiYZ nq| ZvB bMœexRx DwTM¢‡` dj Drcbœ nq bv| 12. cy®úcyU ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit- e„wZ Ges `j‡K hLb AvK...wZ I e‡Y© c„_K Kiv hvq bv A_©vr †`L‡Z Giv GKB iKg †`Lvq ZLb G‡`i‡K GK‡Î †cwiqvš’ ev cy®úcyU e‡j| cy®úcy‡Ui cÖwZwU m`m ̈‡K †Ucvj e‡j| cy®úcyU e„wZ m`„k (†hgb: bvwi‡Kj, mycvwi, AvgjwK) I `j m`„k (†hgb: iRbxMÜv, wjwj) n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi k‡éi b ̈vq cvZjv n‡Z cv‡i (†hgb: avb) 13. gvZ...Aÿ ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit- ‡h Aÿ n‡Z (axis) cy‡®úi m„wó nq Zv‡K gvZ...Aÿ e‡j| cy‡®úi gvZ...A‡ÿi w`K n‡jv cðvr Ask Ges Zvi wecixZ Ask A_©vr gÄix c‡Îi w`‡Ki Ask n‡jv cy‡®úi m¤§yL Ask| gvZ...Aÿ mwVKfv‡e kbv3 Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j mwVK cy®ú cÖZxK A1⁄4b Kiv m¤¢e bq| 14. Poaceae I Malvaceae Gi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËit- Poaceae I Malvaceae Gi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: Poaceac Malvaceae el©Rxex ev eûel©Rxex exiær, KZK e„ÿer exiær, ̧j¥ ev e„ÿ, DwTM¢`cÖvqk wcw”Qj c`v_©hy3| g~j ̧”Qg~j g~j cÖavb g~j KvÛ bjvKvi, ga ̈ce© duvcv KvÛ Kvôj, kvLvwš^Z cvZv mgvšÍivj wkivweb ̈vm RvwjKv wkivweb ̈vm Agivweb ̈vm g~jxq Agiv web ̈vm Aÿxq
bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢`  Practice Content 3 15. GKexRcÎx I wØexRcÎx DwTM¢‡`i g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËit - GKexRcÎx I wØexRcÎx DwTM¢‡`i g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ : GKexRcÎx DwTM¢` wØexRcÎx DwTM¢` mvavi‡Yi g~j A ̄’vwbK ̧”Q cÖK...wZi| me g~j ̄’vwbK cÖavb cvZvi wkivweb ̈vm mgvšÍivj cÖavbZ RvwjKvKvi cy®ú UavB‡givm ‡UUav‡givm ev †c›Uv‡givm ex‡R GKwU exRcÎ _v‡K ex‡R `ywU exRcÎ _v‡K 16. cy®úcÖZxK A1⁄4‡b gvZ...Aÿ cÖ‡qvRb †Kb? DËit - ‡h Aÿ (axis) n‡Z cy‡®úi m„wó nq Zv‡K gvZ...Aÿ e‡j| gvZ...Aÿ cy®ú cÖZx‡K m¤§yL-cðvr w`K wb‡`©k K‡i mKj ̄Íe‡Ki myô web ̈vm wbwðZ K‡i| cy‡®úi gvZ...A‡ÿi w`‡Ki Ask n‡jv cðvr Ask Ges Zvi wecixZ Ask A_©vr gÄixc‡Îi w`‡Ki Ask n‡jv m¤§yL Ask| gvZ...Aÿ mwVKfv‡e kbv3 Ki‡Z bv ci‡j mwVK cy®ú cÖZxK A1⁄4b Kiv m¤¢e bq| 17. bMœexRx DwTM¢‡`i G‡Ûv ̄úvg© n ̈vcø‡qW †Kb? DËit - bMœexRx DwTM¢‡`i wW¤^‡Ki wbD‡mjv‡m Kvh©Kvix ̄¿x‡iYy gvZ...‡Kvl wefvR‡bi gva ̈‡g AmsL ̈ n ̈vcø‡qW wbDwK¬qvm MVb K‡i| wb‡l‡Ki c~‡e©B n ̈vcø‡qW wUmy ̈ MVb K‡i, hv‡K G‡Ûv ̄úvg© ejv nh| wb‡l‡Ki c~‡e© MwVZ nIqvq km ̈ n ̈vcø‡qW †_‡K hvq| G‡ÿ‡Î †MŠY wbDwK¬qvm m„wó nq bv, wÎwgjbI N‡U bv| ZvB bMœexRx DwTM¢‡`i G‡Ûv ̄úvg© n ̈vcø‡qW| 18. m¤ú~Y© dzj I Am¤ú~Y© dy‡ji g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËit - m¤ú~Y© dyj I Am¤ú~Y© dz‡ji g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈: m¤ú~Y© dzj Am¤ú~Y© dzj m¤ú~Y© dz‡j e„wZ, `jgÛj, cys ̄ÍmK, ̄¿x ̄ÍeK _v‡K| Am¤ú~Y© dz‡j PviwU cy®ú ̄Íe‡Ki GK ev GKvwaK ̄ÍeK Abycw ̄’Z _v‡K| m¤ú~Y© dzj Dfwj1⁄2 nq| Am¤ú~Y© dzj GKvwj1⁄2 ev Dfwj1⁄2 nq| mvnvh ̈Kvix ̄ÍeK wn‡m‡e e„wZ I `jgÛj Dcw ̄’Z _v‡K| ‡Kej gvÎ ̄¿x I cys ̄ÍeK we` ̈gvb| 19. Mf©cv` cy®ú ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit- ‡h cy‡®ú cy®úvÿ ev _ ̈vjvgvm DËj ev P ̈vÞv _v‡K Ges kx‡l© Mf©vkq Ae ̄’vb K‡i, Ab ̈vb ̈ ̄ÍeK Mf©vk‡qi A‡cÿvK...Z wb‡Pi w`‡K _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K Mf©vcv` ev nvB‡cvMvBbvm cy®ú e‡j| GB mvRv‡bv ixwZ‡K nvB‡cvMvBwbm Ges Giƒc dz‡ji Mf©vkq‡K AwaMf© Mf©kq e‡j| 20. mvB‡gvm I †iwm‡gvm cy®úweb ̈v‡mi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËit - mvB‡gvm I †iwm‡gvm cy®úweb ̈v‡mi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: mvB‡gvm ‡iwm‡gvm cy®ú`‡Ûi e„w× mxwgZ| cy®ú`‡Ûi e„w× Awbw`©ó cy®ú`‡Ûi kx‡l© cy®ú MwVZ nq| cy®ú`‡Ûi kx‡l© cy®ú MwVZ nq bv| cy®ú`‡Ûi Ici cy®úMy‡jv wb¤œgy‡Lvfv‡e MwVZ nq| cy®ú`‡Ûi Dci cvk¦x©q w`‡Ki A‡MÖv¤§yLfv‡e fv‡e MwVZ nq| cy®ú ̧‡jv Ac‡Kw›`aK fv‡e MwVZ nq| cy®ú ̧‡jv AMÖfv‡M MwVZ nq| 21. mgvšÍivj wkivweb ̈vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËit - cvZvi ga ̈wkiv †_‡K Drcbœ wkiv Dcwkiv ̧‡jv ci®úi mgvšÍivj fv‡e web ̈vm _vK‡j Zv‡K mgvšÍivj wkivweb ̈vm e‡j| mgvšÍivj wkivweb ̈vm GKexRcÎx DwTM¢‡`i cvZvi cÖavb ˆewkó ̈| mgvšÍivj wkivweb ̈vm `yB cÖKvi| h_v - GKwkivj Ges eûwkivj|
bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx DwTM¢`  Practice Content 4 m„Rbkxj cÖkœ bMœexRx DwTM¢` m„Rbkxj cÖkœ t 01  e ̈envwiK K¬v‡m wkÿK AvwRR GKwU DwTM¢` ‡`Lv‡jb hvi ïμvYy DwTM¢`K‚‡ji g‡a ̈ me©e„nr| DwTM¢`wUi g~j we‡kl MV‡bi| K. gvZ...Aÿ Kx? L. bMœexRx DwTM¢‡` dj m„wó bv nIqvi KviY Kx? M. DÏxc‡Ki DwTM¢`wUi g~‡ji MVb wPÎmn eY©bv `vI| N. DÏxc‡Ki DwTM¢`wUi A_©‰bwZK ̧iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Ki| mgvavb: K †h Aÿ n‡Z cy‡®úi m„wó nq Zv‡K gvZ...Aÿ e‡j| L †hmKj DwTM¢‡` Mf©vkq _v‡K bv Ges exR bMœ Ae ̄’vq _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K bMœexRx DwTM¢` e‡j| †h‡nZz Mf©vkq _v‡K bv, wW¤^K ̧‡jv †gMv‡ ̄úv‡ivwd‡ji Dci bMœ Ae ̄’vq _v‡K Ges wb‡l‡Ki ci Zv djnxb bMœex‡R cwiYZ nq| ZvB bMœexRx DwTM¢‡` dj Drcbœ nq bv| M DÏxc‡Ki DwTM¢`wU n‡jv Cycas | Cycas Gi GKwU Abb ̈ ˆewkó ̈ n‡jv †Kvivj‡qW g~j| wb‡¤œ g~jwUi MVb wPÎmn e ̈vL ̈v Kiv n‡jv- wPÎ: Cycas Gi †Kvivj‡qW g~j cÖv_wgK Ae ̄’vq Cycas- G cÖavb g~j _vK‡jI GwU ̄^í ̄’vqx Ges AíKvj c‡iB cÖavb g~j bó n‡q hvq| c‡i †mLv‡b A ̄’vwbK g~j m„wó nq| A ̄’vwbK g~j KL‡bv KL‡bv gvwUi wVK wb‡P e„w× cvq| †mLv‡b f‚wgZ‡ji Dci AmsL ̈ Ø ̈vMÖ kvLvi m„wó K‡i| f~wgi DcwiZ‡j Ø ̈vMÖ kvLv wewkó G mKj g~j GK cÖKvi e ̈vK‡Uwiqv Øviv AvμvšÍ nq| g~‡ji g‡a ̈ e ̈vK‡Uwiqv e„w×i mv‡_ Nostoc, Anabaena bvgK mvqv‡bve ̈vK‡Uwiqv Øviv AvμvšÍ nq| d‡j AvμvšÍ g~j ̧‡jv ̄^vfvweK miæ bv n‡q weK...Z AvK„wZ aviY K‡i| †m Kvi‡Y mvgyw`aK cÖevj ev †Kviv‡ji g‡Zv †`Lvq| †KvivjvK...wZi Gme g~j‡K †Kvivj‡qW g~j ev iæU wUDeviKj e‡j| N DÏxc‡Ki DwTM¢`wU n‡jv Cycas DwTM¢`| wb‡¤œ Cycas DwTM¢‡‡`i A_©‰bwZK ̧iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv:- 1. Cycas ‡K †kvfvea©bKvix DwTM¢` wn‡m‡e cÖvq me evMv‡bB jvMv‡bv nq| 2. Cycas Gi cvZv w`‡q my›`i gv`yi ˆZwi Kiv nq| 3. dy‡ji Wvwj I †ZviY mvRv‡Z Gi KwP cvZv e ̈eüZ nq| 4. Cycas circinalis Gi ùxZK›` I exR n‡Z GK cÖKvi GiviæU/evwj© cÖ ̄‘Z Kiv nq| 5. Cycas revoluta Gi exR Lv` ̈ wn‡m‡e e ̈eüZ nq| 6. †Kv‡bv cÖRvwZi exR n‡Z mv ̧ I Kv‡Ûi g3⁄4v n‡Z g` ˆZwi Kiv nq| 7. Cycas circinalis cÖRvwZi KwPcvZv cvK ̄’wji cxov I Pg©‡iv‡Mi Ilya wn‡m‡e e ̈eüZ nq| Cycas Gi ̄¿x‡iYycÎ kni-e›`‡i mc©gwY bv‡g me© †iv‡Mi Ilya I mc© †iv‡Mi Ilya wn‡m‡e wewμ Kiv nq| hw`I Gi †Kv‡bv D‡jøL‡hvM ̈ Ilywa ̧Y †bB| m„Rbkxj cÖkœ t 02  wPÎ: A wPÎ: B K. ‡÷avwejvm Kx? L. Amg‡iYycÖm~Zv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-A Øviv cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix DwTM¢‡`i we‡kl g~j m„wói KviY e ̈vL ̈v Ki| N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ A I B Gi g‡a ̈ Zzjbv Ki| mgvavb: K cys‡iYycÎ GKwÎZ n‡q †h †gvPvK„wZi MVb ˆZwi K‡i Zv‡K †÷avwejvm e‡j| L GKB DwTM¢‡` `yB ai‡bi † ̄úvi Drcbœ n‡j G c×wZ‡K †nUv‡iv‡ ̄úvwiK ev Amg‡iYycÖm~Zv e‡j| A_©vr RxebP‡μ `yB ai‡bi † ̄úvi (gvB‡μv I †gMv‡ ̄úvi) Drcbœ n‡j Zv‡`i‡K Amg‡iYycÖm~Zv ev †nUv‡iv‡ ̄úvi e‡j| M DÏxc‡K wPÎ-A Øviv cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix DwTM¢`wU n‡jv Cycas| Cycas DwTM¢‡`i g~j n‡”Q †Kvivj‡qW g~j| wb‡¤œ Cycas Gi †Kvivj‡qW g~jwUi we‡kl MVb m„wói KviY e ̈vL ̈v Kiv n‡jv:- cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q Cycas Gi cÖavb g~j _v‡K| Bnv ̄^í ̄’vqx Ges AíKvj c‡iB cÖavb g~j bó n‡q hvq| c‡i †mLv‡b A ̄’vwbK g~j m„wó nq| A ̄’vwbK g~j KL‡bv KL‡bv gvwUi wVK wb‡P e„w× cvq| wPÎ: Cycas Gi †Kvivj‡qW g~j †mLv‡b f‚wgZ‡ji Dci AmsL ̈ Lv‡Uv Lv‡Uv Ø ̈vMÖ kvLvi m„wó K‡i| f‚wgi DcwiZ‡j Ø ̈vMÖ kvLvwewkó G mKj g~j GK caKvi e ̈vK‡Uwiqv Øviv AvμvšÍ nq| g~‡ji g‡a ̈ e ̈vK‡Uwiqv e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Nostoc, Anabaena bvgK mvqv‡bve ̈vK‡Uwiqv ØvivI AvμvšÍ nq| d‡j AvμvšÍ g~j ̧‡jv ̄^vfvweK miæ bv n‡q weK...Z AvK...wZ aviY K‡i| †m Kvi‡Y mvgyw`aK cÖevj ev †Kviv‡ji g‡Zv †`Lvq| †KvivjvK...wZi Gme g~j‡K †Kvivj‡qW g~j ev iæU wUDeviKj e‡j| N DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-A n‡jv Cycas DwTM¢‡`i cys‡iYycÎ ev gvB‡μv‡ ̄úv‡ivwdj Ges wPÎ-Bn‡jv Cycas DwTM¢‡`i ̄¿x‡iYycÎ ev †gMv‡ ̄úv‡ivwdj| wb‡¤œ cys‡iYycÎ I ̄¿x‡iYyc‡Îi g‡a ̈ Zzjbv Kiv n‡jv:- Cycas Gi cys DwTM¢` I ̄¿x DwTM¢` c„_K| cys Cycas DwTM¢‡`i kx‡l© AmsL ̈ cys‡iYycÎ ev gvB‡μv‡ ̄úv‡ivwdj m„wó nq Ges ̄¿x Cycas DwTM¢‡`i gv_vq ̄¿x‡iYycÎ ev †gMv‡ ̄úv‡ivwdj m„wó nq| cys‡iYycÎ cys‡÷avwejvm ˆZwi K‡i| ̄¿x‡iYycÎ †Kv‡bv Kgc ̈v± †÷avwejvm ˆZwi K‡i bv| cys‡iYyi miæ gv_v‡K A ̈v‡cvdvBwmm e‡j| ̄¿x‡iYyi Dc‡ii As‡k wcwbDj _v‡K|