Tiêu đề RECALLS 5 (NP4) - STUDENT COPY ✅

3 | Page Prepared by: ENCARNACION, JESIKAH DE JESUS, JERICHO D. Methotrexate 25. Which chemotherapy drug is known to cause dose- dependent cardiotoxicity, requiring routine cardiac monitoring? A. Bleomycin B. Cisplatin C. Doxorubicin D. Vincristine 26. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to reduce the risk of infection in a neutropenic cancer patient? A. Encouraging visitors to wear masks but allowing close contact B. Administering routine rectal temperature checks for early infection detection C. Avoiding invasive procedures such as IM injections and urinary catheter insertion D. Placing the patient in a semi-private room with a similarly immunocompromised roommate 27. A nurse is providing skin care instructions for a patient receiving radiation therapy. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? A. "I should wear loose-fitting cotton clothing over the treated area." B. "I can apply a heating pad to soothe discomfort in the treated area." C. "I should avoid using scented lotions or perfumes on the irradiated skin." D. "I will protect my skin from extreme temperatures, including cold weather." 28. Which intervention is most effective in managing mucositis in a chemotherapy patient? A. Encouraging the use of alcohol-based mouthwashes B. Advising the patient to consume acidic and spicy foods C. Encouraging oral hygiene and use of water-based lip moisturizers D. Instructing the patient to perform vigorous brushing and flossing 29. A nurse is educating a patient on alopecia related to chemotherapy. Which statement should be included? A. Your hair will regrow within a few weeks after the first chemotherapy session." B. "Using mild shampoos and wide-toothed combs can help minimize hair loss." C. "Only the hair on your scalp will be affected by chemotherapy-induced alopecia." D. "You should avoid wearing wigs or scarves until hair loss has completely occurred." 30. Which dietary strategy is most appropriate for a cancer patient experiencing anorexia and cachexia? A. Encouraging large, high-calorie meals three times daily B. Allowing patients to skip meals when they have no appetite C. Offering smaller, frequent meals with high-protein and high-calorie content D. Restricting cold foods as they may cause discomfort 31. A patient receiving chemotherapy is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate? A. Offering strong-smelling foods to stimulate appetite B. Administering antiemetics before chemotherapy as prescribed C. Restricting fluids during meals to reduce gastric fullness D. Encouraging the patient to lie down immediately after eating 32. Which activity should a nurse encourage to help a cancer patient experiencing fatigue? A. Complete bed rest to conserve energy B. Avoid exercise to minimize exhaustion C. Participate in structured aerobic and resistance training programs as tolerated D. Consume high-protein, low-calorie diets to maintain energy levels 33. A nurse is providing emotional support to a patient diagnosed with terminal cancer. Which intervention is most appropriate? A. Avoiding discussions about grief to prevent emotional distress B. Encouraging the patient to verbalize fears and concerns C. Providing reassurance that grief should be short-lived D. Limiting family involvement to avoid overwhelming the patient 34. A patient undergoing chemotherapy expresses distress over hair loss. What should the nurse do? A. Inform the patient that hair loss is permanent B. Encourage the patient to discuss concerns about body image C. Advise against using wigs or scarves D. Recommend frequent shampooing and brushing to promote regrowth 35. A nurse is caring for a cancer patient with neutropenia. Which intervention is the most appropriate to minimize the risk of infection? A. Encouraging fresh fruit and raw vegetables for nutritional support B. Placing a fresh bouquet of flowers in the patient’s room for comfort C. Performing hand hygiene before and after patient contact D. Allowing live vaccinations to boost the patient’s immune response Situation. Kidney diseases, whether acute or chronic, are a major health burden in the Philippines. Diabetes and hypertension are two of the risk factors commonly seen in patients in renal failure. As numbers of cases rise, nurses must be knowledgeable in preventing or caring for these patients. 36. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following is a characteristic of prerenal AKI? A. Direct damage to the kidney tissue B. Obstruction of the renal tubules C. Decreased blood flow to the kidneys D. Urinary tract obstruction 37. Which of the following is most commonly associated with intrarenal acute kidney injury (AKI)? A. Blood loss from trauma B. Rhabdomyolysis C. Renal calculi D. Hypotension
4 | Page Prepared by: ENCARNACION, JESIKAH DE JESUS, JERICHO 38.During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI), which of the following lab values is most likely to increase? A. Sodium B. Serum creatinine C. Blood pH D. Hemoglobin 39. A nurse is caring for a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) due to hypovolemia. Which of the following interventions is a priority in managing this patient's condition? A. Administering IV fluids to restore blood volume B. Starting dialysis to remove toxins C. Administering diuretics to promote urine output D. Reducing sodium intake in the diet 40. A nurse is monitoring a patient recovering from acute kidney injury (AKI). The nurse notices a gradual increase in urine output. Which phase of AKI is the patient most likely in? A. Initiation B. Oliguria C. Diuresis D. Recovery 41. A nurse is caring for a patient with AKI due to nephrotoxic medications. Which of the following medications is most likely to contribute to the development of intrarenal AKI? A. Acetaminophen B. Gentamicin C. Furosemide D. Losartan 42. A patient is in the recovery phase of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following would the nurse expect to observe? A. A significant increase in serum creatinine levels B. A decrease in urine output C. Stabilization of laboratory values toward normal levels D. Progression to chronic kidney disease 43. A nurse is caring for a patient with postrenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause this type of AKI? A. Myocardial infarction B. Kidney stones C. Sepsis D. Glomerulonephritis 44. Which of the following is a major risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) following an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI)? A. Sepsis B. Severe dehydration C. Underlying cardiovascular disease D. Use of nephrotoxic medications 45. A nurse is caring for a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) who has developed hyperkalemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize? A. Administering sodium bicarbonate B. Restricting protein intake C. Initiating dialysis D. Administering calcium gluconate 46. A nurse is caring for a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) due to dehydration. Which of the following interventions is the priority in the management of this patient A. Administering intravenous fluids to restore blood volume B. Initiating hemodialysis to correct electrolyte imbalances C. Administering diuretics to enhance fluid output D. Restricting fluid intake to prevent fluid overload 47. A nurse is monitoring a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) for signs of metabolic acidosis. Which laboratory finding would the nurse expect to see? A. Elevated blood pH B. Increased serum CO2 levels C. Decreased serum pH D. Normal bicarbonate levels 48. A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) is at risk for developing anemia. Which of the following is the most common cause of anemia in AKI? A. Increased erythropoietin production B. Shortened red blood cell lifespan C. Iron deficiency D. Increased RBC production in the bone marrow 49. A nurse is assessing a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) and notes an increase in blood phosphorus levels. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of this elevated phosphorus level? A. Decreased calcium levels B. Increased serum pH C. Increased erythropoietin production D. Elevated blood glucose levels 50. A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) is receiving nephrotoxic medications. What is the nurse's most important responsibility when caring for this patient? A. Discontinuing the medication immediately B. Monitoring serum drug levels to prevent toxicity C. Administering vitamin K to prevent bleeding D. Restricting fluid intake to prevent overload 51. Which factor is the most sensitive indicator of renal function in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)? A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) B. Creatinine clearance C. Serum potassium level D. Urine output 52. A nurse is educating a patient newly diagnosed with End- Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) about treatment options. The patient expresses concern about starting hemodialysis (HD) and asks about alternatives. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "Hemodialysis is the only treatment option at this stage, and it must be done in a dialysis center." B. "You may be eligible for peritoneal dialysis, which allows for home-based treatment, or a preemptive kidney transplant if a suitable donor is available." C. "Dialysis is necessary to remove excess fluid and waste, but you can stop treatments if you feel better over time." D. "Your kidney function will likely improve with a strict low-protein diet, so dialysis may not be necessary."