Tiêu đề 13. ĐỀ THI GIỮA KỲ I LỚP 12 THPT KINH MÔN - HẢI DƯƠNG.docx ✅

3 b. Moreover, the use of plastics and single-use items leads to litter and waste that can harm wildlife and ecosystems. c. First, industrial activities release harmful chemicals and waste into the air, soil, and water. d. Environmental pollution has many causes that affect our planet. e. Overall, these factors highlight the urgent need for awareness and action to protect our environment for future generations. A. d. a. c. e. b B. d. c. a. b. e C. c. d. a. b. e D. e. b. a. c. d Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answers from 18 to 22 Nelson Mandela was a very important leader in South Africa. He fought against apartheid, which was a system (18) _______ Under apartheid, Black people did not have the same rights as white people and were treated unfairly. Mandela wanted to change this and believed (19) _______ . Mandela joined a group called the African National Congress (ANC) to help end apartheid. He spoke out against the unfair laws and organized protests for equal rights. In 1962, he was arrested for his work and sent to prison for 27 years. (20) _______ Mandela never gave up on his dream for a free South Africa. Many people around the world supported him and wanted him to be free. In 1990, (21) _______ He continued to work for equality and helped end apartheid. In 1994, South Africa had its first election where everyone could vote, no matter their skin color. Mandela was elected President and worked hard to bring people together and improve the country. (22) _______ His work changed South Africa and inspired many people around the world, showing that one person can make a big difference in the fight for justice. Question 18: A. that made life very hard for Black people B. that Black people made very hard life for C. that was very hard to make life for Black people D. that very Black people made life hard for Question 19: A. it is not equal to have rights everyone should do B. everyone should have equal rights C. it was everyone that should have equal rights D. Not everyone equally deserves rights Question 20: A. Because he was in prison B. Even though he was in prison C. Otherwise, he was in prison D. Only when he was in prison Question 21: A. Mandela finally released from prison B. Mandela was finally released from prison C. When Mandela finally released from prison D. When Mandela was finally released from prison Question 22:
4 A. Nelson Mandela's courage and fight for human rights remember his people. B. Nelson Mandela's people are remembered for his courage and fight for human rights. C. Nelson Mandela remembered his people's courage and fight for human rights. D. Nelson Mandela is remembered for his courage and fight for human rights. Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answers from 23 to 30 1. Ada Lovelace, born in London in 1815, is widely recognized as the world's first computer programmer. Despite the limited opportunities for women in science and mathematics during her time, Lovelace's intelligence and passion for math set her apart. Her mother, Anne Isabella Milbanke, encouraged her mathematical studies from a young age, in contrast to her father, the famous poet Lord Byron. 2. Lovelace's most significant contribution came from her collaboration with Charles Babbage, the inventor of an early mechanical computer called the Analytical Engine. In 1843, she translated an article about the machine written by an Italian engineer. 3. However, it was her own detailed notes added to the translation that made history. These notes, which were longer than the original article, included what is now considered the first algorithm designed to be executed by a machine. This made Lovelace the first person to recognize that computers could follow instructions to perform tasks beyond simple calculations. 4. What truly set Lovelace apart was her visionary thinking. While Babbage saw the Analytical Engine as a tool for calculations, Lovelace believed it could be used for much more. She imagined that computers could be programmed to create music, art, and more, long before the development of modern computers. Her forward- thinking ideas laid the foundation for the field of computer science and continue to influence technology today. Question 23: The word "which" in paragraph 2 refers to _______ . A. her detailed notes B. the translation C. the original article D. the Analytical Engine Question 24: The word "visionary" in paragraph 3 is CLOSEST in meaning to _______ . A. technical B. conservative C. innovative D. conventional Question 25: Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in Paragraph 3? A. The length of Lovelace's notes compared to the original article. B. The algorithm Lovelace created for the Analytical Engine's use. C. Lovelace's personal thoughts on Babbage's characteristics. D. The idea that computers could be used for tasks beyond math Question 26: What is the best paraphrase for the sentence: "It was her own detailed notes added to the translation that made history"? A. Lovelace's added personal notes to the translation made her famous. B. The original translation itself was what made Lovelace so well-known. C. Lovelace's detailed personal notes became her most important work. D. Her work on the translation was more important than her added notes. Question 27: What can be inferred about the impact of Ada Lovelace's work? A. Her work had little effect during her lifetime. B. Modern computers stemmed from her ideas. C. Her ideas exceeded the technology of her time. D. She was solely responsible for the invention.