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VOCABULARY LIST B1 Preliminary B1 Preliminary for Schools
© Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2023 Page 2 of 51 B1 Preliminary and B1 Preliminary for Schools Introduction to the B1 Preliminary Vocabulary List The B1 Preliminary Vocabulary List gives teachers a guide to the vocabulary needed when preparing students for the B1 Preliminary and Preliminary for Schools examinations. Background to the list The B1 Preliminary Vocabulary List was originally developed by Cambridge Assessment in consultation with external consultants to guide item writers who produce materials for the B 1 Preliminary examination. It includes vocabulary from the Council of Europe’s Threshold (1990) specification and other vocabulary which corpus evidence shows is high frequency. The list covers vocabulary appropriate to the B1 level on the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) and includes receptive vocabulary (words that the candidate is expected to understand but which are not the focus of a question) and productive vocabulary (words that the candidate needs to know to answer a question). The list does not provide an exhaustive list of all words which appear on the Preliminary and Preliminary for Schools question papers and candidates should not confine their study of vocabulary to the list alone. How the list is updated The vocabulary of English changes over time, with words being added and other words falling into disuse. In order to maintain its currency, the B1 Preliminary Vocabulary List is updated on a regular basis, with the decision to add or remove words being informed by reference to the Cambridge Learner Corpus and English Profile Wordlists. The Cambridge Learner Corpus is a collection of over 44 million words of English, based upon evidence of language use by learners from all over the world and from which the English Vocabulary Profile has developed. The English Vocabulary Profile shows the most common words and phrases that learners of English need to know in British or American English. The meaning of each word or phrase in the wordlists has been assigned a level between A1 and B2 on the CEFR. A preview version of the English Vocabulary Profile can be accessed by visiting the website: http://www.englishprofile.org Organisation of the list • Word sets Some categories of words that a learner at this level might be expected to know, e.g. days of the week, are not included in the alphabetical list but are listed in Appendix 1. Although ‘grammar words’ (pronouns, modal verbs, etc.) are included, the Language Specification section of the Preliminary Handbook and Preliminary for Schools Handbook (available from from www.cambridgeenglish.org) should be consulted for a more complete listing. • Exemplification Example phrases and sentences showing how words might be used are given only where words with different meanings need to be constrained. For example, heel is followed by ‘I can’t walk in high heels’ – this shows that heel is limited to the idea of shoes: candidates are not expected to know other meanings, such as the part of the body.

© Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2023 Page 4 of 51 B1 Preliminary and B1 Preliminary for Schools A a/an (det) ability (n) able (adj) • be able to about (adv & prep) • about 500 students (adv) • The film is about a small boy. (prep) above (adj, adv & prep) abroad (adv) absent (adj) absolutely (adv) • The movie was absolutely awful. accent (n) • She has a beautiful French accent. accept (v) acceptable (adj) access (n) • disabled access • internet access • easy access to the city centre accident (n) accommodation (n) accompany (v) according to (prep phr) account (n) accident (n) accountant (n) accurate (adj) ache (n) achieve (v) achievement (n) across (adv & prep) act (n & v) • in the second act (of the play) (n) • to act in a play (v) • Stop acting like a child. (v) action (n) active (adj) activity (n) actor (n) actress (n) actually (adv) • She seems a bit strict at first, but she’s actually very nice. • Are you actually going to take the job? ad (advertisement) (n) add (v) addition (n) • in addition address (n) admire (v) admission (n) • charges/cost/price admit (v) admit (v) adult (adj & n) advance (n) • book in advance advanced (adj) advantage (n) adventure (n) advert (n) advertise (v) advertisement (n) advice (n) advise (v) aeroplane (n) affect (v) afford (v) afraid (adj) after (adv, conj & prep) afternoon (n) afterwards (adv) again (adv) against (prep) age (n) aged (adj) agency (n) • a travel agency ages (n pl) • It took ages for the bus to arrive. ago (adv) agree (v) ahead (adv) aim (n & v) air (n) air conditioning (n) air force (n) airline (n) airport (n) alarm (n) alarm clock (n) album (n) alike (adv) alive (adj) all (adj, adv, det & pron) all right/alright (adj, adv & exclam) allow (v) almost (adv) alone (adv & adj) along (adv & prep) aloud (adv) alphabet (n) already (adv) also (adv) although (conj) altogether (adv) always (adv) a.m. (adv) amazed (adj) amazing (adj)