Tiêu đề ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI DUYÊN HẢI LỚP 10 QUẢNG NINH 2024.docx ✅

1 HỘI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI, ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN HẠ LONG, QUẢNG NINH ĐỀ ĐỀ XUẤT (Đề thi gồm 15 trang) KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI LẦN THỨ XV, NĂM 2024 ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 10 Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) Ngày thi: 15 tháng 7 năm 2024 SECTION A: LISTENING (50 points) HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU • Bài nghe gồm 4 phần; mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 05 giây; mở đầu và kết thúc mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu. Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc mỗi phần câu hỏi. • Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc. Thí sinh có 03 phút để hoàn chỉnh bài trước tín hiệu nhạc kết thúc bài nghe. • Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe Part 1. Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD AND/ OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10 points) Local food shops Where to go • Kite Place -near the (1) _________harbour/harbor_________ Fish market • Cross the (2) _________bridge_________ and turn right • Best to go before (3) __________3.30/ three thirty________ p.m, earlier than closing time Organic shop • Called (4) _________Rose_________ • Below a restaurant in the large, grey building • Look for the large (5) _________sign_________ outside Supermarket • Take a purple minibus, number 289 TRANSCRIPT LEON:   Hi Shannon – how are you settling into your new flat? SHANNON:   Really well, thanks. LEON:   You look like you’re going shopping. SHANNON:   Yes, I am. My cousins are coming to stay for a couple of days, and I have to cook for them.
2 LEON:   Well, there are plenty of places to buy food in Kite Place – it’s the area by the harbour. Q1 SHANNON:   Oh. OK, I’ll find that on the map. Thanks. LEON:   What sort of food do you need to get? SHANNON:   Well, neither of them eats meat but they both like fish. LEON:   Well, there’s a really good fish market there. SHANNON:   Oh great – where is it exactly? LEON:   It’s at the far end of Kite Place, so you have to go over the bridge and then it’s on the right. Q2 SHANNON:   OK – is it open all day? LEON:   It doesn’t close until four, but I’d recommend going earlier than that – it does run out of some things. SHANNON:   Oh, I don’t want that to happen. LEON:   As long as you get there by 3.30. you should be fine. It’s only 11 now, so plenty of time. Q3 SHANNON:   Right. LEON:   Do you need to buy vegetables too? SHANNON:   I do, and I want to avoid all the plastic packaging in the supermarket! LEON:   Well, there’s a really nice organic shop there. Now what’s it called … it’s the name of a flower. I know, it’s ‘Rose’. Q4 SHANNON:   That’s a nice name. LEON:   Yeah – it sells vegetables and quite a lot of other stuff. SHANNON:   And where’s that? LEON:   Well, as you reach the market, you’ll see a big grey building on your left – I think it used to be a warehouse. Anyway, now it’s a restaurant upstairs, but the ground floor has two shops either side of the entrance and it’s the one on the left. SHANNON:   That’s easy enough. LEON:   You can’t miss it – there’s also a big sign on the pavement so you can look for that. Q5 SHANNON:   Fine! I guess if I need anything else, I’ll have to go to the supermarket. LEON:   Yeah – you should be able to get everything you need, but there’s a minibus that goes to the supermarket if you need it. It’s purple and the number is 289.  SHANNON:   Thanks, that’s great. Part 2. You will hear a talk about different lifespans in animals. For questions 6-10, decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10 points) 6. Younger bodies replace dead and dying cells more efficiently than older bodies. T
3 7. There is no variation in aging patterns and lifespan within the animal kingdom. F 8. In general, larger species tend to have shorter lifespans than smaller ones. F 9. Smaller creatures tend to evolve rapidly to grow and reproduce as a defense mechanism against predators. T 10. Genetic differences can account for discrepancies in longevity among animals with similar sizes and habitats. T TRANSCRIPT For the microscopic lab worm, C. elegans life equates to just a few short weeks on Earth. Compare that with the tortoise, which can age to more than 100 years. Mice and rats reach the end of their lives after just four years, while for the bowhead whale, Earth's longest-lived mammal, death can come after 200. Like most living things, the vast majority of animals gradually degenerate after reaching sexual maturity in the process known as aging.  But what does it really mean to age? The drivers behind this process are varied and complicated, but aging is ultimately caused by cell death and dysfunction. When we're young, we constantly regenerate cells in order to replace dead and dying ones. But as we age, this process slows down. In addition, older cells don't perform their functions as well as young ones. That makes our bodies go into a decline, which eventually results in disease and death.  But if that's consistently true, why the huge variance in aging patterns and lifespan within the animal kingdom? The answer lies in several factors, including environment and body size. These can place powerful evolutionary pressures on animals to adapt, which in turn makes the aging process different across species. Consider the cold depths of the Atlantic and Arctic Seas, where Greenland sharks can live to over 400 years, and the Arctic clam known as the quahog can live up to 500. Perhaps the most impressive of these ocean-dwelling ancients is the Antarctic glass sponge, which can survive over 10,000 years in frigid waters. In cold environments like these, heartbeats and metabolic rates slow down. Researchers theorize that this also causes a slowing of the aging process. In this way, the environment shapes longevity.  When it comes to size, it's often, but not always, the case that larger species have a longer lifespan than smaller ones. For instance, an elephant or whale will live much longer than a mouse, rat, or vole, which in turn have years on flies and worms. Some small animals, like worms and flies, are also limited by the mechanics of their cell division. They're mostly made up of cells that can't divide and be replaced when damaged, so their bodies expire more quickly. And size is a powerful evolutionary driver in animals. Smaller creatures are more prone to predators. A mouse, for instance, can hardly expect to survive more than a year in the wild. So, it has evolved to grow and reproduce more rapidly, like an evolutionary defense mechanism against its shorter lifespan.  Larger animals, by contrast, are better at fending off predators, and so they have the luxury of time to grow
4 to large sizes and reproduce multiple times during their lives. Exceptions to the size rule include bats, birds, moles, and turtles, but in each case, these animals have other adaptations that allow them to escape predators. But there are still cases where animals with similar defining features, like size and habitat, age at completely different rates. In these cases, genetic differences, like how each organism's cells respond to threats, often account for the discrepancies in longevity. So it's the combination of all these factors playing out to differing degrees in different animals that explains the variability we see in the animal kingdom.  So what about us? Humans currently have an average life expectancy of 71 years, meaning that we're not even close to being the longest living inhabitants on Earth. But we are very good at increasing our life expectancy. In the early 1900s, humans only lived an average of 50 years. Since then, we've learned to adapt by managing many of the factors that cause deaths, like environmental exposure and nutrition. This, and other increases in life expectancy make us possibly the only species on Earth to take control over our natural fate. Part 3. For questions 11-15, you will hear a discussion in which two biologists, Ian Cartwright and Angela Sharpe, talk about conservation and the public's perception of it. Choose the answer (А, В, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10pts) 11. According to Ian, why aren't people easily convinced of the importance of protecting endangered species? A. They find it difficult to understand the concept. B. They are presented with information that is too vague. C. They do not believe human activity causes extinction. D. They think that conservationists are exaggerating the situation. 12. Angela says that eco-tourism has been successful because ___________. A. it provides locals with a long-term source of income. B. it has been properly managed by governments in developing countries. C. it encourages people to have more respect for nature. D. it is affordable for a large number of people from developed countries. 13. The story Ian tells about how economists determined the value of the environment highlights ___________. A. what a complex subject economics can be. B. the ease with which false promises are made. C. why companies get away with polluting lakes. D. how ignorant people are of the role nature plays in their lives.