Tiêu đề [POL3213]: READINGS SUMMARY ✅

INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ANALYSIS RESEARCH POL3213 1ST SEMESTER | 2025-2026 | ASST PROF. R. CASTILLO and Behavioral Analysts started to push away the political theories among them (as they say they are political theorists). - Leads us back to how scientific thinking leads to new IDEAS. Introduction (Puzzle). - Theory came from the literature review. - Here in AB Theory/Theoretical Framework shares the same chapter as the Literature Review. Prefatory statements give us the background. Aside from the background, the field work can also be supported by cases. Literature Review can also include studies that come from research published in journals (or reports, surveys). - Si Argument ang pinapatunayan mo pero sinasagot mo si Puzzle (Explicandum) EGS (Explicandum. General. Prefatory Statements) - HOW TO APPLY IT IN POLITICAL SCIENCE? DEMOCRATIC DECLINE AS AN EXAMPLE - How was it that a democracy elected the scion of a dictator? Some call it “The Reverse Spiral Downward... (?)” The Philippines have me democratically declining.. How does it happen? Using the principles of Ake, we use the prefatory statements. ● PREFATORY STATEMENTS - things that gives us the background on the things going on. GENERALIZATION - What should be the G3? You do not GENERALIZE. You draw GENERAL ideas coming from the conversations/literature that are related/coming from literature that can relate to the prefatory. SEARCH FOR CYBERZOMIA (came from the word “ZOMI”) Sometimes you need to do fieldwork to answer the E, but sometimes G and S are enough. BOOK (Castells, 1996): Castells Book Is The Rise Of Network Society 1. PUTNAM (2000) - When social norms degrade, then societal politics degrade. 2. ALMOND & VERBA (1963) - There are (3) Political Cultures all across the world: It’s CIVIC, PAROCHIAL, AND SUBJECT (a resident) POLITICAL CULTURE. a. Politically, citizens are residents of a democracy, while subjects are residents of monarchy. According to them, if a society already has a civic political culture (usually, here in a democracy), culture must be about responsible governance. If we transition into the subject political culture, then there’s a tendency that changes can be observed during elections. 3. CASTELLS (1996) - he’s not biased; when we communicate through a digital network, then there’s a tendency na hindi magkakaunawaan/intindihan. The same thing happens when we communicate politically... 4. MAROLT (2014) - You can draw a generalization that isolated digital spaces can shape political values. If you’re isolated, it can be called a “filter bubble,” “echo chamber.” NO DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS. NOTES: ● EXPLANANDUM - 1⁄2 of a coin. ● EXPLANANCE - other half. CLAUDE AKE – THE SCIENTIFIC STATUS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE (1972) (READINGS) Scientific Status of Political Science → What is Science? ● Science = essentially about explanation. ● Explanation = answering a question; resolving doubt by revealing hidden relations between things. Example 1: Mr. X’s Nervous Breakdown ● Explicandum = Mr. X’s breakdown (puzzling phenomenon). ● Doctor’s explanation = pressures + problems + apparent stoicism. ● Shows relation between breakdown and hidden causes (pressures, nervous disposition). ● Result: breakdown becomes “only natural.” BISAGAR, L.J.T., TOLENTINO, S.A.F. PAGE 2