Tiêu đề Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Hand-out.pdf ✅

Unit 2: Inheritance of Traits Through the Chromosomes 54 Topic 4: Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance The prevailing theory for inheritance during Gregor Mendel’s time was that traits from the parents blended and were passed on to their offspring. The theory of pangenesis, initially proposed by Darwin, one of the more acclaimed scientists at the time, was the more accepted theory. There were still people who questioned Darwin’s pangenesis theory and Darwin himself acknowledged the flaws in his ideas. While he was pondering on the solution to this, little did he realize that the answers he was seeking were already being made in an abbey hundreds of miles away. Gregor Mendel’s work was pioneering in the field of genetics. Unfortunately, it would be decades before people fully appreciated the work he was doing. This topic focuses on the findings made by Mendel and how such studies can be applied to our study of genetics. Learning Objectives At the end of this topic, you will be able to: a. understand the concepts underlying Mendelian inheritance. b. understand how probabilities may be used to predict inheritance patterns in genes following Mendelian inheritance. c. make use of probabilities to solve simple genetics problems. d. construct pedigree charts to follow the inheritance of certain traits. e. identify some diseases that follow Mendelian inheritance Presentation of Content Mendel’s experimental design Mendel’s work documented a particulate mechanism for inheritance. Unlike the blending model that was more accepted at the time, Mendel showed that traits were inherited separately and independently from each other. He developed his theory of inheritance long before scientists even knew that chromosomes existed. Mendel grew up in his parent’s farm in Austria so he was not ignorant of agricultural knowledge. He was taught agriculture in addition to his basic education when he was a young child. He excelled in high school and later in the Olmutz Philosophical Institute. It was in 1843 that a 21-year old Mendel entered an Augustinian monastery. He tried to become a teacher but was unable to pass the examinations. He decided to pursue college for a span of two years in 1851 and studied physics and chemistry at the University of Vienna. Two of