Tiêu đề 16.1. UNIT 16. PHRASAL VERBS - KEY CHI TIẾT.doc ✅

UNIT 16: PHRASAL VERBS (CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ) – KEY CHI TIẾT A. LÝ THUYẾT STT Words Transcription Meaning 1 - bear out = confirm - to show that somebody is right or that something is true - xác nhận, xác minh E.g. The other witnesses will bear out what I say. 2 - bring in = introduce - bring about = cause - bring on = result in = cause = lead to - bring up = raise - bring forward = suggest - to introduce something new such as a product or a law - to make something happen - to make sth develop, usually something unpleasant - to care for a child, teaching him or her how to behave, etc. - to suggest something for discussion - giới thiệu, đưa vào - mang lại, dẫn đến - dẫn đến, gây ra - nuôi nấng, dạy dỗ, nuôi dưõng - đưa ra, nêu ra, đề ra, mang ra E.g. They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports. What brought about the change in his attitude? I think the loud music brought my headache on. Please bring the matter forward at the next meeting. 3 - gear up for = prepare for - to prepare yourself/sb/sth to do sth - chuẩn bị cho ... E.g. Cycle organizations are gearing up for National Bike Week. 4 - pair up with = team up with - to come together or to bring two people together to work, play a game, etc. - hợp tác, bắt cặp với E.g. Julie paired up with Rob for the quiz. 5 - cut down = reduce - to reduce the size, amount or number of something - cắt giảm E.g. I won't have a coffee thanks - I’m trying to cut down. 6 - look back (on st) = reflect - look after = take care of = care for - look down on >< look up to - look over/into = examine - to think about something that happened in the past - to take care of or be in charge of something - to think that you are better than someone >< to admire or respect somebody - to examine something to see how good, big, etc. it is - nhớ lại, nhìn lại - trông nom, chăm sóc - coi thường >< tôn trọng - xem xét, kiểm tra
E.g. It wasn't such a bad experience when I look back on it. Who's going to look after the children while you're away? She thinks they look down on her because she doesn't have a job. He'd always looked up to his uncle. We looked over the house again before we decided we would rent it. 7 - hold on = wait - hold back = prevent - hold up = stop/delay - used to tell somebody to wait or stop - to prevent the progress or development of sb/sth - to delay or block the movement or progress of somebody/something - giữ máy không cắt - ngăn lại, giữ lại, nén lại, kìm lại - dừng lại, hoãn lại, nghẽn lại E.g. Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. Do you think that mixed-ability classes hold back the better students? The project was held up by various legal problems. 8 - turn down = reject/refuse - turn away = refuse to allow - turn into = become - turn out = be discovered - turn up = arrive = show up - to reject or refuse to consider an offer, a proposal, etc. or the person who makes it - to refuse to allow somebody to enter a place - to become something - to be discovered to be; to prove to be - (of a person) to arrive - từ chối, bác bỏ - đuổi ra - trở thành, đổi thành - hóa ra là - đến, xuất hiện E.g. Why did she turn down your invitation? They had nowhere to stay so I couldn't turn them away. Our dream holiday turned into a nightmare. The job turned out to be harder than we thought. We arranged to meet at 7.30, but she never turned up. 9 - talk over = discuss - to discuss sth carefully and completely, especially in order to reach an agreement or make a decision - bàn bạc, thảo luận E.g. Talk it over with your parents before you reply. 10 - leave out = not include, omit - to not include or mention sb/sth in something - bỏ qua, bỏ quên E.g. Leave me out of this quarrel, please. 11 - break down = stop working - break in/into - break out = start suddenly - (of a machine or vehicle) to stop working because of a fault - to get into a building or car using force, usually to steal something - (of war, fighting or other unpleasant events) to start suddenly - hỏng - đột nhập vào - bùng nổ
- break through - break up = lose connection - to make new and important discoveries - when a person who is talking on a mobile phone breaks up, you can no longer hear them clearly because the signal has been interrupted - đột phá - không nghe thấy rõ E.g. The car broke down on the freeway. The burglars broke in through the kitchen window. They had escaped to America shortly before war broke out in 1939. Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. He was on the subway when he called and started to break up before I could answer. 12 - put forward/forth = suggest - put aside = disregard - - put aside/ away/ by = save - put back = put off = postpone/delay - put out = publish - put down = write, make a note - to suggest an idea for consideration - to ignore or forget something, usually a feeling or difference of opinion - to save something or keep it available to use - to move something to a later time or date - to publish or broadcast something - to write something; to make a note of something - đề xuất, gợi ý - bỏ đi, gạt sang một bên - để dành, để dụm - lùi lại, hoãn lại - xuất bản, phát hành - ghi chép E.g. None of the ideas that I put forward have been accepted. They decided to put aside their differences. I put aside half an hour every day to write my diary. The meeting has been put back to next week. The senator has put out a statement denying the allegation. The meeting's on the 22 nd . Put it down in your diary. 13 - dress up - to wear clothes that are more formal than those you usually wear - diện bảnh; ăn mặc chải chuốt, chỉnh tề E.g. There's no need to dress up-come as you are. 14 - stand for - stand up for = support/defend - stand out - stand in (for sb) = deputize - to be an abbreviation or symbol of something - to support or defend somebody/ something - to be very noticeable - to take somebody's place - (từ viết tắt) đại diện cho; có nghĩa là - về phe với, ủng hộ - nổi bật - thay thế, đại diện cho E.g. What does the "WHO" stand for? She had learnt to stand up for herself. The black lettering really stands out on that orange background. My assistant will stand in for me while I'm away.
15 - keep up/on = continue - keep up (with sb/st) = keep pace with = catch up with - keep off/from - keep off - to continue without stopping - to move, make progress or increase at the same rate as somebody/something - to avoid eating, drinking or smoking something - to avoid mentioning a particular subject - cứ vẫn tiếp tục - bắt kịp, theo kịp - tránh xa; nhịn - tránh đề cập E.g. I'm trying to keep off fatty foods. The rain kept up all afternoon. If you keep off a particular subject, you avoid talking about it. I can't keep up with all the changes. 16 - take after = resemble - take on = employ - take on - take off >< land - take over = take control of - take up - to look or behave like an older member of your family, especially your mother or father - to employ somebody - to accept a particular job or responsibility - (of an aircraft, etc.) to leave the ground and begin to fly - to begin to have control of something - to learn or start to do something, especially for pleasure - giống - tuyển dụng - đảm nhiệm, nhận làm, gách vác - cất cánh - tiếp quản, kế tục, nối nghiệp, tiếp tục - học chơi, bắt đầu theo E.g. Your daughter doesn't take after you at all. She took me in completely with her story. The plane took off an hour late. She took too much on and made herself ill. Gerald Ford took over the presidency after Nixon resigned. 17 - work out = train/ exercise - work out = calculate/ solve - to exercise in order to improve the strength or appearance of your body - to calculate something/ to find the answer to sth - tập thể thao, rèn luyện cơ thể - tính toán; giải (bài toán), giải quyết E.g. Make sure you drink plenty of water if you are working out. Can you work out what these squiggles mean?