Tiêu đề EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION.pdf ✅

Page| 1 19.EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION 1. Which of the following is correct with reference to haemodialysis? a) Absorbs and resends excess of ions b) The dialysis unit has a coiled cellophane tube c) Blood is pumped back through a suitable artery after haemodialysis d) Anti-heparin is added prior to haemodialysis 2. Polyuria is a condition in which a) Amount of urine pass out is more b) Amount of urine pass out is less c) No urine pass out d) No urine formation 3. Glucose, Na, and amino acid are actively transported substances, because a) Their movement occurs according to concentration gradient b) Their movement occurs against concentration gradient c) ATP is not needed for transportation d) They are transported by simple diffusion 4. Which of the following is both osmoregulator as well as nitrogenous product? a) NH3 b) Urea c) Uric acid d) All of these 5. With respect to mode of excretion bony fishes are? a) Osmoconformers b) Ammonotelic c) Uricotelic d) Uriotelic 6. Identify the true statements and choose the correct option accordingly I. Blood vessel leading to the glomerulus is called efferent arteriole II. Vasa-recta, peritubular capillaries and glomerulus, all have blood III. Cortical nephrons have highly reduced vasa-recta IV. Vasa-recta runs parallel to the Henle’s loop in the juaxta-medullary nephron a) I, II and III b) I, II and IV c) I, III and IV d) II, III and IV 7. The yellow colour of urine is due to the presence of a) Urea b) Uric acid c) Urochrome d) Bilirubin 8. Choose the correct option for A, B, C from given option
Page| 2 a) A-Adrenal cortex, B-ADH, C-PCT b) A-Adrenal medulla, B-ADH, C-PCT c) A-Hypothalamus, B-ADH, C-Distal tubules d) A-Lungs, B-ADH, C-Distal tubules 9. Structural and functional unit of the kidney is a) Medulla b) Nephridia c) Nephron d) Hilum 10. Marine teleost fishes excrete a) Uric acid b) Ammonia c) Urea d) None of these 11. Identify A to D in the given structure and choose the correct option accordingly a) A-Calyx, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Ureter b) A-Calyx, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Urethra c) A-Urethra, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Calyx d) A-Urethra, B-Calyx, C-Renal column, D-Cortex 12. The net filtration pressure in the glomerulus of the kidney is a) 70 mm Hg b) 35 mm Hg c) 25 mm Hg d) 10 mm Hg 13. Loop of Henle is meant for the absorption of a) Potassium b) Glucose c) Water d) Carbon dioxide 14. Functioning of kidney is efficiently regulated by a) ANF b) JGA c) Both (a) and (b) d) Lungs 15. Select the correct pathway for the passage of urine in humans a) Renal vein → Renal ureter → Bladder → Urethra b) Collecting tubule → Ureter → bladder → Urethra
Page| 3 c) Pelvis → Medulla → Bladder → Urethra d) Cortex → Medulla → Bladder → Ureter 16. The waste products produced in man which need excretion are? a) Carbon dioxide b) Urea and salts c) Excess of water d) All of these 17. Excretion of nitrogenous waste product in semisolid from occurs in a) Ureotelic animals b) Ammonotelic animals c) Uricotelic animals d) Amniotes 18. Juxta glomerular apparatus is modification in the a) Afferent atriole and PCT b) Afferent atriole and DCT c) Efferent atriole and DCT d) Efferent atriole and PCT 19. A large quantity of fluid is filtered every day by the nephrons in the kidneys. Only about 1% of it is excreted as urine. The remaining 99% of the filtrate a) Gets collected in the renal pelvis b) Is lost as sweat c) Is stored in the urinary bladder d) Is reabsorbed into the blood 20. Autoregulation of GFR (Glomerulus Filtration Rate) is takes place by a) Renin angiotensis mechanism b) Juxtaglomerulus apparatus c) Vasopressin d) All of the above 21. Physiologically urea is produced by the action of an enzyme a) Arginase b) Urease c) Uricase d) None of these 22. Malpighian body or renal corpuscle is/are a) Bowman’s capsule b) Glomerulus c) Both (a) and (b) d) Proximal convoluted tubule 23. Among ammonia, uric acid and urea, which one is the most soluble? a) Ammonia b) Uric acid c) Both (a) and (b) d) Urea 24. The living steady state has a self-regulatory mechanism which is known as a) Feed back mechanism b) Homeotherms c) Homozygous d) Homeostasis 25. Uricotelism is found in a) Mammals and birds b) Fishes and freshwater protozoans c) Birds, reptiles and insects d) Frogs and toads 26. Volume of urine is regulated by
Page| 4 a) Aldosterone b) Aldosterone and testosterone c) ADH d) Aldosterone and ADH 27. Urine is yellow in colour, due to a) Prochrome b) Haemoglobin c) Urochrome d) Creative 28. Vasa recta is minute vessel of Peritubular capillaries network, which is a) Also known as juxta-glomerular apparatus b) Running parallel to loop of Henle c) Running parallel to PCT d) Running parallel to DCT 29. A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of a) Fats b) Ketones c) Amino acids d) Glucose 30. If excess water passes out from tissues without being restored by kidneys, the cells would a) Burst open and die b) Not be affected at all c) Extract water from plasma d) Shrivel and die 31. Part of the kidney through which the ureter, blood vessels and nerves enters into it is a) Renal cortex b) Renal medulla c) Hilum d) Urethra 32. Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron? a) Henle’s loop – Most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate b) Distal convoluted tubule−Reasorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries c) Afferent arteriole−Carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards renal vein d) Podocytes−Creat minute spaces (slit pores) for the filteration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule 33. When does glomerular filtration occurs in Bowman’s capsule? a) When hydrostatic pressure of blood in the glomerulus is 70 mm Hg and net filtrate pressure is -25 mm Hg b) When hydrostatic pressure of blood in the glomerulus is 70 mm Hg and net filtrate pressure is -35 mm Hg c) When hydrostatic pressure of blood in the glomerulus is 70 mm Hg and net filtrate pressure is 10 mm Hg d) When hydrostatic pressure of blood in the glomerulus is 70 mm Hg and net filtrate pressure is -70 mm Hg 34. Smell of urine is due to the a) Urochrome b) Urinode c) Urea d) Melanin 35. The counter current mechanism operates in nephron a) In ascending and descending limb of vasa recta b) In ascending limb of Henle’s loop c) In descending limb of Henle’s loop d) Between the loop of Henle and vasa recta 36. The average quality of urea excreted in urine by man per day is a) 1-5 g b) 25-30 g c) 1-1.5 L d) 80 g