Tiêu đề 9. Science, architecture & engineering.pdf ✅

_______________________________________________IELTS Preparation Course: Upper-Intermediate ________________________________________________________________________Vu Hai Ha, 2016 IELTS TOPIC#9: SCIENCE, ARCHITECTURE & ENGINEERING Useful nouns: No. Word/phrase Pronunciation Definition Notes of usage 1. altitude /ˈæltɪtjuːd/ the height above sea level at an altitude of ... 2. asteroid /ˈæstərɔɪd/ any one of the many small planets that go around the sun 3. astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ a person whose job involves travelling and working in a spacecraft 4. bacteria /bækˈtɪəriə/ the simplest and smallest forms of life. Bacteria exist in large numbers in air, water and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease baterium (pl) 5. biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ cell (n) – cellular /ˈseljələ(r)/ (a), gene (n) /dʒiːn/ - genetic (a) /dʒəˈnetɪk/ , DNA breed(v) /briːd/ /mate (v) organism /ˈɔːɡənɪzəm/ (n) – organic (a) /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ etc. 6. breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ an important development that may lead to an agreement or achievement make/ achieve a breakthrough in sth breakthrough (a) 7. building, construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/ the process or method of building or making something, especially roads, buildings, bridges, etc. construct (v)
_______________________________________________IELTS Preparation Course: Upper-Intermediate ________________________________________________________________________Vu Hai Ha, 2016 No. Word/phrase Pronunciation Definition Notes of usage 8. cable /ˈkeɪbl/ thick strong metal rope used on ships, for supporting bridges, etc. 9. chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ element (n) /ˈelɪmənt/ vs. compound (n) /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/, substance (n); molecule /ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/ (n) – molecular (a), react (v) – reaction (n) etc. chemical (a) chemical (n) 10. comet /ˈkɒmɪt/ a mass of ice and dust that moves around the sun and looks like a bright star with a tail 11. conductor /kənˈdʌktə(r)/ a substance that allows electricity or heat to pass along it or through it 12. crater /ˈkreɪtə(r)/ a large hole in the top of a volcano 13. design /dɪˈzaɪn/ the general arrangement of the different parts of something that is made, such as a building, book, machine, etc. design (v) 14. device /dɪˈvaɪs/ an object or a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular job tool, gadget, appliance, apparatus etc. 15. discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ an act or the process of finding somebody/something, or learning about something that was not known about before + of sth/ that S+V discover (v) 16. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ a form of energy from charged elementary particles, usually supplied as electric current through cables, wires, etc. for lighting, heating, driving electric (a) electrical (a) electrician (n)
_______________________________________________IELTS Preparation Course: Upper-Intermediate ________________________________________________________________________Vu Hai Ha, 2016 No. Word/phrase Pronunciation Definition Notes of usage machines, etc. electrify(v) 17. engineering /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ the activity of applying scientific knowledge to the design, building and control of machines, roads, bridges, electrical equipment, etc. engineer (v, n) engine (n) /ˈendʒɪn/ 18. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ a scientific test that is done in order to study what happens and to gain new knowledge experiment (v) /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ on sb/sth experimental (a) /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/ 19. extract /ˈekstrækt/ a substance that has been obtained from something else using a particular process + from sth extract (v) 20. Feng-Shui /ˌfeŋ ˈʃuːi/ a Chinese system for deciding the right position for a building and for placing objects inside a building in order to make people feel comfortable and happy 21. flaw /flɔː/ a mistake in something that means that it is not correct or does not work correctly defect, fault /fɔːlt/ 22. frame /freɪm/ the supporting structure of a piece of furniture, a building, a vehicle, etc. that gives it its shape 23. genius /ˈdʒiːniəs/ a person who is unusually intelligent or artistic, or who has a very high level of skill, especially in one area prodigy (n) /ˈprɒdədʒi/ 24. geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi/ the scientific study of the earth, including the origin and history geologist (n)
_______________________________________________IELTS Preparation Course: Upper-Intermediate ________________________________________________________________________Vu Hai Ha, 2016 No. Word/phrase Pronunciation Definition Notes of usage of the rocks and soil of which the earth is made 25. gravity /ˈɡrævəti/ the force that attracts objects in space towards each other, and that on the earth pulls them towards the centre of the planet, so that things fall to the ground when they are dropped 26. innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ the introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing something + in sth innovate (v) /ˈɪnəveɪt/ innovative (a) /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ 27. intensity /ɪnˈtensəti/ the strength of something, for example light, that can be measured 28. invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ a thing or an idea that has been invented OR the act of inventing something invent (v) 29. laboratory, lab /ləˈbɒrətri/ /læb/ a room or building used for scientific research, experiments, testing, etc. 30. material /məˈtɪəriəl/ brick, concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/, sand, steel /stiːl/, timber, iron /ˈaɪən/, stone 31. mechanism /ˈmekənɪzəm/ a system of parts in a living thing that together perform a particular function 32. meteor /ˈmiːtiə(r)/ a piece of rock from outer space that makes a bright line across the night sky as it burns up