Tiêu đề Sociology Question No 12 What is social movement. Write different types of social movement..pdf ✅

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major form of collective behavior. In the recent years the study of social movement has attracted the attention of a large number of sociologists. 2. MEANING OF SOCIAL MOVEMENT: A social movement is a collective effort by people who share concerns to bring about change in society through organized actions and advocacy. 3. DEFINITION OF SOCIAL MOVEMENT: • According to Horton & Hunt: “A social movement is a collective effort to promote and resist change” • According to Smelser: “A Social movement is a collective effort to transform establish relation within a particular society.” 4. CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENT: Here are some characteristics of a social movement. • Leadership: Social movements often have leaders who help to guide, inspire, and organize the group. These leaders can be formal or informal and play a crucial role in strategy and communication. • Identity and Solidarity: Members of a social movement usually share a sense of belonging and identity. This solidarity helps to unite individuals, making the movement stronger and more cohesive. • Ideology:
Social movements are often driven by a set of beliefs or ideology that outlines the values, goals, and strategies of the movement. This ideology helps to motivate and justify the movement's actions. • Grassroots Participation: Many social movements are rooted in grassroots participation, meaning they rely on the involvement of ordinary people rather than elite or professional organizers. This makes the movement more democratic and inclusive. • Innovative Tactics: Social movements often develop new and creative tactics to draw attention to their cause, such as sit-ins, flash mobs, or social media campaigns. These tactics can help to engage the public and media. • Opposition and Resistance: Social movements typically face opposition from those who support the status quo. This resistance can come from governments, corporations, or other groups with differing interests. • Resource Mobilization: Effective social movements gather and use resources such as money, people, and materials. They often rely on donations, volunteers, and various forms of support to sustain their activities. • Cultural Expression: Social movements often use art, music, literature, and other cultural expressions to spread their message and build a sense of community. These cultural elements can make the movement more appealing and relatable.
5. TYPES OF SOCIAL MOVEMENT: Here are different types of social movements. • General Social Movement: A general social movement is when a group of people come together to bring about broad changes in society. They focus on large issues that affect many people, like civil rights, equality, or environmental protection. These movements aim to create significant and lasting transformations in how society functions. • Specific Social Movement: A specific social movement is focused on a particular issue or goal. Instead of tackling broad societal changes, these movements target a specific problem or change they want to see. Examples include movements for affordable housing, better healthcare, or improving education quality. They concentrate on achieving a well-defined outcome. • Expressive Social Movement: Expressive social movements are more about personal and emotional expression. They often involve people coming together around shared values, beliefs, or identity. These movements might focus on celebrating cultural heritage, promoting arts and creativity, or preserving traditions. The main goal is to express and celebrate something meaningful to the participants. 6. CONDITIONS FOR THE SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: Following are the main conditions of the social movements. • Grievances: People need to feel there is a problem or unfair situation that affects them. For example, if workers feel