Tiêu đề APPRECIATION COURSE FOR A DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE.pdf ✅

APPRECIATION COURSE FOR A DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE Drug abuse is a pervasive problem that transcends geographic or socioeconomic boundaries. Many of those abuse drugs belong to the productive age group. The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) developed this free on-line course to respond to the problem of drug abuse and assist establishments in the implementation of workplace provisions under Republic Act No. 9165 “Comprehensive Drugs Act of 2002.” The course consists of four modules that will prepare the participants to be active and efficient members of the Assessment Team – a mandatory structure required by the DOLE Department Order No. 53-03 “Guidelines for the Implementation of a Drug-Free Workplace Policies and Programs for the Private Sector.” In these modules, the current global and national drug abuse problem is discussed along with government efforts to curb the rise in illicit drug use; the commonly abused drugs and their detrimental effects to the user; and workplace interventions. This course may be finished in as short as 2 days depending on the time you will devote to working on the modules. It is a pre-requisite to the Training of Assessment Teams for a Drug-Free Workplace. By the end of this course, you should be able to:  Discuss the drug abuse problem and its impact on the workplace  Help develop your company’s policy and program for a drug-free workplace. MODULE 1: Drug-abuse: global and national trends This short module will provide you with information on the current drug situation worldwide and in the Philippines and the strategies employed by the Government to address this. According to the US National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, alcohol and other drug users utilize three times as many sick days. The US Department of Labor, on the other hand, said that drug and alcohol abuse cause 65% of on-
the-job accidents and that substance abusers use three times the normal level of employee health benefits and incur 300% higher medical costs. The 2013 World Drug Report revealed that though the use of cocaine, amphetamine-type stimulants and “ecstacy”-group substances have followed a declining trend in 2009 to 2011, problems on marijuana, opioids and opiates use have gone up since 2009. In 2011, approximately 315 million people worldwide (15-64 years old) were estimated to have used illicit substances in the preceding year (Fig.1). This corresponds to about 6.9% of the adult population (Fig.2). Since 2008, there has been an overall 18% increase in the estimated total number of people who had used an illicit substance in the preceding year. This reflects, to some extent, an increase in the global population and a slight increase in the prevalence of illicit drug use. (Fig.1 and Fig.2). There is also a new group of drugs or substances that is becoming increasingly available in the world drug market. This new group labelled as New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) is defined by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) as “substances of abuse, either in pure form or as a preparation”. These drugs are not under the lists of controlled substances in the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The term “new” does not necessarily refer to new inventions but to substances that have recently become available.” Substances categorized as NPS according to UNODC include:  Synthetic cannabinoids  Synthetic cathinones  Phenethylamines  Piperazines  Ketamine  Plant-based psychoactive substances such as kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), Salvia divinorum and khat (Catha edulis) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Prevalence of illicit drug use in % 4.90% 5.80% 5.70% 6.20% 6.70% 6.90% Prevalence of problem drug use in % 0.90% 0.90% 0.90% 0.90% 0.90% 0.90% 0.00% 1.00% 2.00% 3.00% 4.00% 5.00% 6.00% 7.00% 8.00% 9.00% Annual Prevalence of Population age 16-24 (percentage) Fig. 2. Trends in Global Prevalence of Drug Use (UNODC World Drug Report, 2013) DRUGS 101 Synthetic cannabinoids – or "Spice" refers to a wide variety of herbal mixtures that have effects similar to those produced by marijuana (cannabis). Sold under many names, including K2, fake weed, Yucatan Fire, Skunk, Moon Rocks, and others, these products contain dried, shredded plant material and chemical additives that are responsible for their psychoactive (mind- altering) effects.