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4 CHAPTER CONTENTS  Word Classification  Alphabet Classification  Miscellaneous Classification  Odd-Pair Selection  Odd-Number Selection  Odd-Pair/Group Selection  Unlike Letter Selection Words Classification In this type of classification, different objects are classified on the basis of common features/properties- names,places,uses,situations,origin, etc. Alphabet Classification In this type, alphabet are classified in a group using a particular method or rule. Rules or methods used for such classification are often simple, and hence can easily, and hence can easily be understood. Miscellaneous Classification In this type of classification, any rule other than described above can be used for classification or grouping. Questions on such pattern do not necessarily use the alphabets and words. Here the numerics and other mathematical symbols can also be used. All the possible classification have been illustrated in the following examples. EXAMPLES   Directions : In each of the following questions, a group of five items is given. Four of them share the common features whereas one of them is different from others. Choose the item which is different from the other. Ex.1 Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which one does not belong to that group? (A) Ears (B) Hands (C) Fingers (D) Eyes (E) Legs Sol. Except fingers, all other parts, of body are in pair. Hence option (C) is the correct answer. Ex. 2 Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which one does not belong to that group? (A) Bud (B) Branch (C) Leaf (D) Root (E) Plant Sol. All items are the parts of a plant. Hence plant does not belong to the group. So, the answer is (E). Ex.3 Find the odd-man out? (A) PSRQ (B) CGEF (C) JMLK (D) VYXW Sol. The pattern used for classification is placement of alphabets in the order (+3, –1, –1). Since option (B) does not follow the pattern, it is odd in the group. Ex.4 Four out of the five pairs of numbers have the same relationship. Find the odd-man out? (A) 4 : 63 (B) 1 : 0 (C) 5 : 124 (D) 2 : 15 (E) 3 : 26 CLASSIFICATION
Sol. In the above classification, second number is one less than the cube of the first number. Option (D) does not belong to the group as it does not follow the pattern ? Ex.5 Find the odd-man out? (A) DEHG (B) RSVU (C) XYBA (D) LMQP (E) JKNM Sol. Method used for the classification is placement of alphabets in the order (+1, +3, –3). Option (D) LMQP does not follow the method. Hence it is odd-man out. Ex.6 Find the odd-man out? (A) 32 : 15 (B) 86 : 42 (C) 56 : 26 (D) 74 : 36 (E) 38 : 18 Sol. Second no. is one less than the half of first number. So, option (C) is out answer. Ex.7 Four out of the five words given as alternatives are related to the word given is each question in the same way. Find the odd-man out. FRIENDSHIP (A) FRIEND (B) SHIP (C) FRESH (D) DRIP (E) FISH Sol. In all the words except (D), letters have been selected in the forward direction. So option (D) is our answer. Ex.8 Find the odd-man out? (A) Ring (B) Bangle (C) Tyre (D) Plate (E) Nut Sol. Except (D) all items have hole in the centre. So, the answer is (D). EXAMPLES  Choose the word which is least like the other words in the group Ex.9 (A) Curd (B) Butter (C) Oil (D) Cheese (E) Cream Sol. Here, all except Oil are products obtained from milk. Hence, the answer (C) Ex.10 (A) Rose (B) Lotus (C) Marigold (D) Lily (E) Tulip Sol. Here, all except Lotus are flowers, which grow on land while lotus is a water flower. hence, the answer is (B) Ex.11 (A) Pistol (B) Sword (C) Gun (D) Rifle (E) Cannon Sol. Here all except Sword are fire arms. Hence, the answer is (B) Ex.12 (A) Cathedral (B) Mosque (C) Church (D) Monastery (E) Temple Sol. All except Monastery are places of worship, while monastery is a place where monks stay. Hence, the answer is (D) Ex.13 (A) Book (B) Paper (C) Pencil (D) Pen (E) Sharpener Sol. Here, all except book are stationery items. Hence, the answer is (A) Ex.14 (A) Geometry (B) Algebra (C) Trigonometry (D) Mathematics (E) Arithmetic Sol. Here, all except Mathematics are branches of Mathematics. Hence, the answer is (D) Ex.15 (A) Poland (B) Greece (C) Spain (D) Italy (E) Korea Sol. Here, all except Korea are European countries, while Korea is an Asian country Hence, the answer is (E) Ex.16 (A)Copper (B) Tin (C) Brass (D) Platinum (E) Zinc Sol. Here, all except Brass are metals, while brass is an alloy. Hence the answer is (C) Ex.17 (A) Carrot (B) Potato (C) Tomato (D) Ginger (E) Beetroot Sol. Here, all except Tomato grow underground. Hence, the answer is (C)
Ex.18 (A) Calf (B) Cub (C) Piglet (D) Duckling (E) Hireling Sol. Here, all except Hireling are young ones of animals. Hence, the answer is (E) Ex.19 (A) Gangtok (B) Singhbhumi (C) Hyderabad (D) Chennai (E) Bhubaneshwar Sol. Here, all except Singhbhumi are capitals of states of India. Hence, the answer is (B) Ex.20 (A) Chameleon (B) Crocodile (C) Alligator (D) Locust (E) Salamandar Sol. Here, all except Locust are reptiles while locust is an insect. Hence, the answer is (D)  EXAMPLES  Choose the odd pair of words. Ex.21 (A) Blacksmith : Anvil (B) Carpenter : Saw (C) Barber : Scissor (D) Goldsmith : Ornaments (E) Sculptor : Chisel Sol. Clearly, the answer is (D). In all other pairs, second is the tool used by the first. Ex.22 (A) Painter : Gallery (B) Actor : Stage (C) Mason : Wall (D) Farmar : Field (E) Worker : Factory Sol. Clearly, the answer is (C). In all other pairs, second is the place where the first works. Ex.23 (A) Cow : Calf (B) Dog : Bitch (C) Lion : Cub (D) Tortoise : Turtle (E) Insect : Larva Sol. Clearly, the answer is (B). In all other pairs, second is the young one of the first while in (B), second is the female of the first. Ex.24 (A) Volume : Litre (B) Time : Seconds (C) Length : Metre (D) Resistance : Ohm (E) Pressure : Barometer Sol. Clearly, the answer is (E). In all other pairs, second is the unit to measure the first. On the other hand, barometer is an instrument. Ex.25 (A) Sprinkle : Pour (B) Happiness : Merriment (C) Mist : Fog (D) Sad : Unhappy Sol. Clearly, the answer is (D). In all other pairs, second is of higher intensity than the first while in (D), first is of higher intensity than the second. Ex.26 (A) China : Beijing (B) Russia : Moscow (C) Japan : Singapore (D) Spain : Madrid Sol. Clearly, the answer is (C). In all other pairs, second is the capital of first.  EXAMPLES  Choose the number which is different from other in the group Ex.27 (A) 12 (B) 25 (C) 37 (D) 49 (E) 57 Sol. 37 is the only prime number. Hence, the answer is (C). Ex.28 (A) 8 (B) 64 (C) 125 (D) 216 (E) 28 Sol. Each of the numbers except 28, is a perfect cube. Hence, the answer is (E) Ex.29 (A) 21 (B) 36 (C) 49 (D) 56 (E) 91 Sol. Each of the numbers except 36, is divisible by 7. Hence, the answer (B) Ex.30 (A) 751 (B) 734 (C) 981 (D) 853 (E) 532 Sol. In each number except 751, the difference of the third and the first digit is the middle one. Hence, the answer is (A). Ex.31 (A) 381 (B) 552 (C) 729 (D) 903 (E) 295 Sol. Each number except 552, is an odd number. Hence, the answer is (B).
Ex.32 (A) 8314 (B) 2709 (C) 1315 (D) 2518 (E) 3249 Sol. In all numbers except 8314, the sum of first three digits is equal to the unit digit. Hence, the answer is (A). Ex.33 (A) 48 (B) 12 (C) 36 (D) 24 (E) 59 Sol. In all numbers except 59, the unit's digit is twice the ten's digit. Hence, the answer is (D). EXAMPLES  Choose the numeral pair/group which is different from others. Ex.34 (A) 83 – 75 (B) 58 – 50 (C) 49 – 42 (D) 25 – 17 Sol. Clearly, in each of the pairs except (C), the first number is eight more than the second. Hence, the answer is (C) Ex.35 (A)70 – 80 (B) 54 – 62 (C) 28 – 32 (D) 21 – 24 (E) 14 – 16 Sol. In each of the pairs except (B), the ratio of the two numbers is 7 : 8. Hence, the answer is (B) Ex.36 (A) 42 – 4 (B) 36 – 6 (C) 32 – 2 (D) 15 – 5 Sol. In all the pairs except (A), the first number is a multiple of the second. Hence, the answer is (A) Ex.37 (A) 71, 7, 3, 17 (B) 67, 71, 3, 5 . (C) 41, 5, 3, 47 (D) 37, 14, 19, 7 (E) 11, 3, 3, 17 Sol. All other pairs except (D) consist of prime numbers only, while (D) consists of one composite number i.e., 14. Hence, the answer is (D). EXAMPLES  Choose the letter which is different from other letters of the group. Ex.38 (A) BD (B) IK (C) PN (D) SU (E) WY Sol. Clearly, the answer is (C). All other groups consists of two alternate letters order, while in this group they are in reverse order. Ex.39 (A) BCD (B) KMN (C) QRS (D) GHI (E) WXY Sol. Clearly, the answer is (B). All other groups consist of three consecutive letter while this one doesn't. Ex.40 (A) POCG (B) KLIZ (C) BUDX (D) FQMV (E) ARTG Sol. Clearly, the answer is (D). All other group consist of one vowel each but this group doesn't contain any vowel. Ex.41 (A) CZHK (B) MLAG (C) XUBU (D) SENO (E) YDFP Sol. Clearly, the answer is (C). This is the only group in which one letter has been repeated. Ex.42 (A) BDGK (B) JLOS (C) NPSW (D) MORU (E) HJMQ Sol. Clearly, the answer is (D). In all other groups, there is a gap of 1 letter between first and second letters, 2 letters between second and third letters, and 3 letters between third and fourth letters, Ex.43 (A) CFIL (B) PSVX (C) JMPS (D) ORUX (E) QTWZ Sol. Clearly, the answer is (B). In all other groups, each letter moves 3 steps forward to obtain the next letter. Ex.44 (A) DkUZ (B) LPuB (C) FoMY (D) UXeN (E) WaQS Sol. Clearly, the answer is (A). In all other groups, the smaller letter is a vowel Ex.45 (A) FCGDE (B) TRQPS (C) KJHMF (D) KHGJI (E) XVYZW Sol. Clearly, the answer is (C). All other groups consist of consecutive letters though not in order. Ex.46 (A) AUgPZ (B) MXiDV (C) KFeCO (D) YGLhT (E) UMmQY Sol. Clearly, the answer is (D). In all other groups, the smaller letter is the middle one. Ex.47 (A) DXCLQZ (B) PFZUBM (C) XGKNTY (D) NWMBHJ (E) GJMQW Sol. Clearly, the answer is (B). This is the only group containing a vowel.