Tiêu đề ICT Chapter 3 Practice Sheet with Solution.pdf ✅

msL ̈v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm  HSC Preparation 1 msL ̈v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm Z...Zxq Aa ̈vq Number System and Digital Devices Topicwise CQ Trend Analysis †evW© mKj XvKv ivRkvnx Kzwgjøv h‡kvi PÆMÖvg ewikvj wm‡jU w`bvRcyi gqgbwmsn 2023 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2022 2021 K‡ivbv gnvgvwii Kvi‡Y GBPGmwm cixÿv AbywôZ nqwb| 2020 2019 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2018 mw¤§wjZ †evW© (2 †mU): 4 2017 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 *we.`a.: 2020 mv‡j GBPGmwm cixÿv AbywôZ nqwb| ACS ICT Department Gi g‡bvbxZ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ DËi 1| iwb Ges Rwb Gev‡ii GKz‡ki eB‡gjv †_‡K h_vμ‡g (346)8 Ges (10110110)2 UvKvi eB wK‡b‡Qb| [Xv. †ev. Õ23] (K) ASCII †KvW Kx? (L) Ò†Kv‡WW †WUv‡K Avb‡Kv‡WW †WUvq iƒcvšÍi Kiv m¤¢e|ÓÑ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) DÏxc‡Ki iwb Ges Rwb †gvU KZ UvKvi eB wK‡bwQj Zv †Wwm‡gj c×wZ‡Z wbY©q Ki| (N) DÏxc‡Ki `yBR‡bi g‡a ̈ †K †ewk g~‡j ̈i eB wK‡bwQj Zv 2 Gi cwic~iK c×wZ‡Z wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: (K) ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) n‡jv GKwU 7/8 we‡Ui AvjdvwbD‡gwiK †KvW hv Kw¤úDUvi I BbcyU/AvDUcyU wWfvB‡mi g‡a ̈ Z_ ̈ ̄’vbvšÍ‡i e ̈eüZ nq| (L) †Kv‡WW †WUv‡K Avb‡Kv‡WW †WUvq iƒcvšÍi Kiv m¤¢e| †Kv‡WW †WUv‡K Avb‡Kv‡WW †WUvq iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z GKwU wW‡KvWvi wWfvB‡mi cÖ‡qvRb nq| wW‡KvWvi Ggb GKwU B‡jKUawbK hš¿ ev wWfvBm hv Kw¤úDUv‡ii †evaMg ̈ fvlv‡K gvbyli †evaMg ̈ fvlvq iƒcvšÍi K‡i| wW‡KvWv‡i BbcyU msL ̈v n n‡j Zvi AvDUcyU msL ̈v = 2 n n‡e Ges AvDUcyU jvB‡b †h †Kv‡bv AvDUcyU 1 n‡j evwK me AvDUcyU 0 cvIqv hv‡e| AvDUcyU Ae ̄’v me©`v BbcyU Ae ̄’vi Dci wbf©ikxj| (M) iwe eBwU wK‡bwQj = (346)8 UvKvi AZGe, iwb eBwU `kwgK UvKvq wK‡bwQj = 3 × 8 2 + 4 × 8 1 + 6 × 8 0 = (230)10 UvKvi Avevi, Rwb eBwU wK‡bwQj = (10110110)2 UvKvi myZivs Rwb eBwU `kwgK ev †Wwm‡gj UvKvq wK‡bwQj = (1 × 2 7 ) + (0 × 2 6 ) + (1 × 2 5 ) + (1 × 2 4 ) + (0 × 2 3 ) + (1 × 2 2 ) + (1 × 2 1 ) + (0 × 2 0 ) = (182)10 AZGe Rwb I iwb †gvU eB wK‡bwQj = (230 + 182)10 = (412)10 UvKvi| (N) Rwb eB wK‡bwQj = (10110110)2 = (182)10 [ÔMÕ n‡Z] iwb eB wK‡bwQj = (346)8 – (230)10 [ÔMÕ n‡Z] AZGe, evBbvwi msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z iwbi †Kbv eB 2 380 LSB MSB 2 115 – 0 2 57 – 1 2 28 – 1 2 14 – 0 2 7 – 0 2 3 – 1 2 1 – 1 0 – 1 = (11100110)2 GLb Rwbi wKbv eB wQj = (10110110)2  2 Gi cwic~iK, Rwbi †Kbv eB = 10110110 1 Gi cwic~iK = 01001001 2 Gi cwic~iK = †hvM (+) 1 (Ñ 182)10 = 01001011 AZGe iwb †ewk wK‡bwQj, 11100110 01001010 1 00110000 GLv‡b cÖ_g 1wU Ifvi‡d¬v wnmv‡e i‡q‡Q| A_©vr, iwb †ewk wK‡bwQj = (00110000)2 = (48)10 UvKvi eB| 2| F = A – BC + AB – C + ABC – + ABC [Xv. †ev. Õ23] (K) KvD›Uvi Kv‡K e‡j? (L) ÔevBbvwi I wewmwW GK bq|Õ Ñ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) DÏxc‡K cÖ`Ë jwRK dvskbwUi mZ ̈K mviwY •Zwi Ki| (N) DÏxc‡K cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi mijxK...Z gvb ïay b ̈vÛ †MU w`‡q ev ̄Íevqb Ki| mgvavb: (K) KvD›Uvi n‡jv Ggb GKwU wmKz‡qwÝqvj mvwK©U hv G‡Z †`Iqv BbcyU cvj‡mi msL ̈v ̧Y‡Z cv‡i|
2  HSC ICT Chapter-3 (L) ÒevBbvwi I wewmwW GK bqÓ e3e ̈wU mwUK Ges Zv GKwU cv_©K ̈ Q‡Ki gva ̈‡g Zz‡j aiv n‡jv: 1| BCD n‡jv Binary Coded Decimal. GwU †Kvb msL ̈v c×wZ bq| GUv Avm‡j `kwgK c×wZ hvi cÖwZwU A1⁄4 Gi mgZzj ̈ evBbvwi‡Z Gb‡KvW Kiv nq| 1| evBbvwi GKwU msL ̈v c×wZ hvi wfwË 2 Ges wPý ̧‡jv n‡”Q 0 I 1| 2| `kwgK msL ̈v‡K wewmwW †Kv‡W cÖKvk Kiv Lye mnR| ïaygvÎ 0 †_‡K 9 ch©šÍ `kwgK msL ̈vi evBbvwi mgZzj ̈ g‡b ivL‡jB h‡_ó| †hgb= (137)10 Gi wewmwW †KvW = (000100110111) BCD| 2| `kwgK msL ̈v‡K evBbvwi msL ̈vq cÖKvk Kiv mnR bq| G‡ÿ‡Î wnmv‡ei cÖ‡qvRb nq| †hgb (137)10 Gi mgZzj ̈ evBbvwi = (10001001)2 3| †Kv‡bv msL ̈v‡K evBbvwi‡Z cÖKv‡ki Rb ̈ Kg weU jv‡M| 3| †Kv‡bv msL ̈v‡K evBbvwi‡Z cÖKv‡ki Rb ̈ Kg weU jv‡M| (M) F = A – BC + AB – C + ABC – + ABC wb‡¤œ dvskbwUi mZ ̈K mviwYwU •Zwi Kiv n‡jv: A B C A – B – C – A – BC AB – C ABC – ABC F 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 (N) F dvskbwU‡K mijxKiY Kiv n‡j Avgiv cv‡ev, F = A – BC + AB – C + ABC – + ABC = A – BC + ABC + AB – C + ABC + ABC – + ABC [ ABC + ABC + ABC = ABC] = BC (A – + A) + AC (B – + B) + AB (C – + C) = AB + BC + AC [ A + A – = 1] GLb, D3 dvskbwU‡K ïay NAND †MBU Øviv ev ̄Íevqb Kiv n‡jv, A B C F = AB –– .BC –– .CA –– = AB+BC+CA AB –– AC –– BC –– wPÎ: F dvsk‡bi mvwK©U WvqvMÖvg 3| GKwU K‡j‡Ri GKv`k †kÖwYi weÁvb wefv‡Mi wkÿv_x© X-Gi Aa©-evwl©K cixÿvq †gavμg wQj (2F)16| evwl©K cixÿvq Zvi †gavμg n‡jv (14)8| [iv. †ev. Õ23] (K) wPýhy3 msL ̈v Kv‡K e‡j? (L) ASCII †KvW GKwU AvjdvwbD‡gwiK †KvWÑ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) X-Gi Aa©-evwl©K cixÿvi †gavμg evBbvwi I A±vj msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi Ki| (N) DÏxc‡K X Gi cixÿv `ywUi djvd‡ji cv_©K ̈ †hv‡Mi gva ̈‡g wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: (K) †Kvb msL ̈v abvZ¥K I FYvZ¥K Zv eySv‡Z msL ̈vi Av‡M †hvM/we‡qvM (+/Ñ) wPý hy3 Kiv nq, GB msL ̈v ̧‡jv‡KB wPýhy3 msL ̈v ev mvBbW b¤^i e‡j| (L) mvaviYZ Aÿi (a – z, A – Z), A1⁄4 (0 – 9) Ges wewfbœ MvwYwZK wPýmn AviI KZK ̧‡jv we‡kl wP‡ýi (!, @, #, $ BZ ̈vw`) Rb ̈ e ̈eüZ †KvW‡K Avjdv wbD‡gwiK †KvW ejv nq| ASCII †KvW n‡”Q we‡klfv‡e •Zwi GKwU 7 ev 8 we‡Ui †KvW †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq wPÎ, Aÿi ev msL ̈v hy3 Kiv m¤¢e d‡j Avgiv ASCII †K GKwU Avjdv wbD‡gwiK †KvW ej‡Z cvwi| (M) DÏxcK †_‡K Rvb‡Z cvwi, X-Aa©-evwl©K cixÿvq †gavμg wQj (2F)16 wb‡¤œ †n·v‡Wwm‡g‡j _vKv μgwU‡K evBbvwi I A±vj msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi Kiv n‡jv: evBbvwi‡Z iƒcvšÍi: cÖ_‡g †n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL ̈vwU‡K †Wwmg‡j iƒcvšÍi K‡i wbB, (2F)16 = (2 × 161 ) + (15 × 160 ) = (47)10 GLb †Wwm‡gj msL ̈vwU‡K Avgiv evBbvwi‡Z cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvwi, 2 47 LSB MSB 2 23 – 1 2 11 – 1 2 5 – 1 2 2 – 1 2 1 – 0 0 – 1 Zvn‡j (2F)16 Gi evBbvwi = (101111)2 A±v‡j iƒcvšÍi: Dc‡ii mgvavb †_‡K Avgiv †`‡LwQ (2F)16 = (47)10| AZGe, (47)10 A±v‡j iƒcvšÍi Ki‡j cvB, 8 47 LSB MSB 8 5 – 7 0 – 5 A_©vr (2F)16 Gi A±vj = (57)8 (N) DÏxc‡Ki X-Gi cixÿv `ywUi djvd‡ji cv_©K ̈ †hv‡Mi gva ̈‡g wbY©q ej‡Z g~jZ 2-Gi cwic~i‡Ki gva ̈‡g wbY©‡qi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| AZGe, ÔMÕ n‡Z cÖvß ̳X‘ Gi Aa©-evwl©K cixÿvi †g_vμ‡gi evBbvwi n‡”Q (101111)2 Ges evwl©K cixÿvq Zvi †g_vμg n‡jv (14)8| myZivs Gi mgvb evBbvwi msL ̈v,
msL ̈v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm  HSC Preparation 3 2 12 LSB MSB 2 6 – 0 2 3 – 0 2 1 – 1 0 – 1 = (1100)2 GLb (12)10 Z_v (1100) Gi 2 Gi cwic~iK wbY©q Ki‡j cv‡e| (12)10 Gi evBbvwi gvb 8 weU †iwR÷v‡i †i‡L, (12)10 = 00001100  (12)10 Gi 1 cwic~iK = 11110011  (12)10 Gi 2 cwic~iK ev (–12)10 = 11110100 myZivs `yB cixÿvi djvd‡ji cv_©K ̈, (47)10 = 00101111 (–12)10 = 111101000 †hvMdj = 1 00100011 GLv‡b, beg weU Z_v 1 Ifvi‡d¬v wn‡m‡e Av‡Q, d‡j G‡K MYbvq †bIqv hv‡e bv| AZGe, X Gi cixÿv `ywUi djvd‡ji cv_©K ̈ n‡”Q (00100011)2 ev, (00100011)2 = (0 × 2 7 ) + (0 × 26 ) + (0 × 25 ) + (0 × 24 ) + (0 × 23 ) + (0 × 22 ) + (0 × 21 ) + (0 × 20 ) = (35)10  cv_©K ̈ (00100011)2 ev (35)10| 4| cv‡ki wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges wb‡Pi cÖkœ ̧‡jvi DËi `vI : [iv. †ev. Õ23] B C A X (K) Gb‡KvWvi Kv‡K e‡j? (L) wW-giMvb-Gi Dccv` ̈ †h.w3K †hvM I †h.w3K ̧‡Yi g‡a ̈ wewbgq mvab K‡iÑ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ X-Gi Rb ̈ jwRK mgxKiY wbY©q Ki| (N) DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bxwUi cÖ`Ë BbcyU I cÖvß AvDUcyU AcwiewZ©Z †i‡L GKwU gvÎ jwRK †MBU Øviv eZ©bxwU cÖwZ ̄’vcb Kiv hvq wK-bv Zv jwRK mgxKi‡Yi gva ̈‡g we‡kølY K‡i gZvgZ `vI| mgvavb: (K) Gb‡KvWvi n‡”Q GK ai‡bi mgwš^q jwRK mvwK©U hv gvby‡li fvlv‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii †evaMg ̈ ev hvwš¿K fvlvq iƒcvšÍi K‡i| (L) divwm MwYZwe` wW-giMvb eywjqvb exRMwY‡Zi Ici `ywU cÖ‡qvRbxq m~Î †`b| m~Î `ywU‡K wW-giMv‡bi Dccv` ̈ ejv nq| Dccv` ̈ `ywU msÁvwqZ Ki‡jB eySv hv‡e †h, Dccv` ̈Øq †h.w3K †hvM I ̧‡Yi g‡a ̈ wewbgq mvab K‡i, Dccv` ̈Øq wb¤œiƒc: cÖ_g Dccv` ̈: †h‡Kv‡bv msL ̈K Pj‡Ki †h.w3K †hv‡Mi Kgwcø‡g›U n‡jv cÖ‡Z ̈K Pj‡Ki Kgwcø‡g‡›Ui ̧Yd‡ji mgvb| wØZxq Dccv` ̈: †h‡Kv‡bv msL ̈K Pj‡Ki †h.w3K ̧Yd‡ji Kgwcø‡g›U n‡jv cÖ‡Z ̈K Pj‡Ki Kgwcø‡g‡›Ui †h.w3K †hv‡Mi mgvb| A.B ––– = A – + B – A_©vr, m~Î †_‡KB †`Lv hv‡”Q, GLv‡b †h.w3K †hv‡M I †h.w3K ̧Yd‡ji g‡a ̈ wewbgq mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| (M) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ X Gi Rb ̈ jwRK mgxKiYwU wb‡P wbYx©Z n‡jv: B C A A+C A  B  X = (A+C)B +A  A +(A+C)B  wPÎ: X Gi mvwK©U WvqvMÖvg AZGe, X dvsk‡bi gvb n‡e (A + C).B – + A –––––––––––– (N) DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ eZ©bxwUi BbcyU I cÖvß AvDUcyU AcwiewZ©Z †i‡L ïay NAND jwRK †MBU Øviv eZ©bxwU cÖwZ ̄’vcb Kiv m¤¢e| wb‡¤œ Zv jwRK mgxKi‡Yi gva ̈‡g we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv: X = (A + C).B – + A –––––––––––– = (A + C).B ––––––––– .A –– [wW-giMv‡bi Dccv` ̈] = (A + C) –––––– + B –– .A –– = A – .C – + AB [(A + C) –––––– = A – .C – ] = A – .C – . AB ––––––– ––––––– = A – C –––– . AB––– –––––––– A A  X=A.C ––– .AB –– C  A – .B ––– AB  BC wPÎ: ïayNAND †MBU Øviv X mgxKiY ev ̄Íevqb 5| gvgyb RqcyinvU †_‡K XvKv hvIqvi Rb ̈ (112)8 UvKvq wUwKU wKbj| gvgy‡bi eÜy Avwei bvivqYMÄ †_‡K XvKv Avmvi Rb ̈ (3D)16 UvKvq wUwKU wKbj| [Kz. †ev. Õ23] (K) cwRkbvj msL ̈v c×wZ Kx? (L) (14)10 Gi mgKÿ BCD †KvW Ges evBbvwi msL ̈vi g‡a ̈ †KvbwU‡Z †ewk weU cÖ‡qvRb? eywS‡q †jL| (M) gvgyb I Avwei †gvU KZ UvKvi wUwKU μq Kij Zv evBbvwi‡Z cÖKvk Ki| (N) gvgyb I Avwe‡ii wUwK‡Ui μqg~‡j ̈i cv_©K ̈ †hv‡Mi gva ̈‡g wbY©q m¤¢eÑ we‡kølY Ki|
4  HSC ICT Chapter-3 mgvavb: (K) †h msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z msL ̈vi gvb Ae ̄’v‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i wbYx©Z nq Zv‡K cwRkbvj msL ̈v c×wZ e‡j| (L) mvaviY GKwU `kwgK msL ̈v wewmwW‡Z cÖKv‡ki Rb ̈ cÖwZwU `kwgK msL ̈vi Rb ̈ PviwU evBbvwi we‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb nq| A_©vr, (14)10 Gi wewmwW †KvW n‡e, 1 4 0001 0100 AZGe (14)10 Gi wewmwW †KvW n‡”Q (00010100)BCD hv AvU we‡Ui GKwU msL ̈v| Ab ̈w`‡K, (14)10 Gi evBbvix gvb n‡”Q, 2 14 LSB MSB 2 7 – 0 2 3 – 1 2 1 – 1 0 – 1 = (1110)2 hv Pvi we‡Ui GKwU msL ̈v A_©vr (14)10 mgKÿ BCD †Kv‡Wi Rb ̈ †ewk we‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb co‡e| (M) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ gvgyb RqcyinvU †_‡K XvKv hvIqvi Rb ̈ wU‡KU μq K‡iwQj (112)8 UvKvi| AZGe, (112)8 Gi mgKÿ evBbvwi gvb n‡e| `kwg‡K iƒcvšÍi: (112)8 = (1 × 82 ) + (1 × 81 ) + (2 × 80 ) = (74)10 evBbvwi‡Z iƒcvšÍi: 2 74 LSB MSB 2 37 – 0 2 18 – 1 2 9 – 0 2 4 – 1 2 2 – 0 0 – 1 2 1 – 0 = (1001010)2 Avevi, gvgy‡bi eÜz Avwei bvivqYMÄ †_‡K XvKv Avmvi Rb ̈ wU‡KU wK‡bwQj = (3D)16 UvKvi| AZGe Gi mgKÿ evBbvwi gvb n‡e, `kwgK iƒcvšÍi: (3D)16 = (3 × 161 ) + (13 × 160 ) = (61)10 evBbvix‡Z iƒcvšÍi: 2 61 LSB MSB 2 30 – 1 2 15 – 1 2 7 – 1 2 3 – 1 2 1 – 1 0 – 1 = (111101)2 AZGe, Zv‡`i †gvU wU‡KU g~j ̈ = 01001010 + 00111101 = (10000111)2 (N) ÔMÕ bs cÖkœ n‡Z cvB, gvgyb‡i eÜz bvivqYMÄ †_‡K XvKv Avmvi wU‡KU wK‡bwQj (3D)16 = (61)10 = (111101)2 UvKv w`‡q| Ab ̈w`‡K gvgyb wU‡KU wK‡bwQj (112)8 = (74)10 = (1001010)2 UvKv w`‡q| wb‡¤œi Zv‡`i wU‡KU μqg~‡j ̈i cv_©K ̈ †hv‡Mi gva ̈‡g Z_v 2-Gi cwic~i‡Ki gva ̈‡g wbY©q Kiv n‡jv: (61)10 = 00111101 (61)10 Gi 1-Gi cwic~iK = 11000010 2-Gi cwic~iK = + 1  (61)10 Gi 2-Gi cwic~iK ev (– 61)10 = 11000011 myZivs, Zv‡`i μqg~‡j ̈i cv_©K ̈, (112)8 = 01001010 (–61)10 = 11000011 †hvMdj = 1 00001101 GLv‡b, †hvMd‡ji beg weU ev 1 Ifvi‡d¬v wn‡m‡e Av‡Q hv MÖnY‡hvM ̈ bq| AZGe, μqg~‡j ̈i cv_©K ̈ n‡”Q (00001101)2| 6| Zvi AvBwmwU K¬v‡m `yÕRb Qv·K `ywU `kwgK msL ̈v wjL‡Z ejvq GKRb (+63) Ges Ab ̈Rb (+70) wjL‡jv| ZLb m ̈vi ej‡jb Avwg 0, 1, 2, 3 I 4 w`‡q bZzb GKwU msL ̈v c×wZ Avwe®..vi K‡iwQ| [h. †ev. Õ23] (K) i ̈vwW· c‡q›U Kx? (L) 9 + 7 = 20 Kxfv‡e m¤¢e Zv †`LvI| (M) (2FC)16 msL ̈vwU m ̈v‡ii bZzb msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi Ki| (N) DÏxc‡Ki `kwgK msL ̈v `ywUi cv_©K ̈ †hv‡Mi gva ̈v‡g †ei Ki| mgvavb: (K) cwRkbvj msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv msL ̈vi c~Y©msL ̈v I fMœvsk‡K c„_K Ki‡Z †h wPý e ̈envi Kiv nq Zv‡KB †iwW· c‡q›U e‡j| (L) `kwgK msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z 9 + 7 Gi †hvMdj nq 16| wKš‘ hw` †hvMdj 16 †K A±vj c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi Kiv nq Z‡e Avgiv cvB, 8 16 LSB MSB 2 2 – 0 0 – 1 = (20)8 A_©vr †`Lv hv‡”Q, `kwgK msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z, 9 Ges 7 †hvM Ki‡j Zv‡`i †hvMd‡ji A±vj gvb cvIqv hv‡e 20| AZGe (9)10 + (7)10 = (20)8 ev, 9 + 7 = 20 †jLv m¤¢e| (M) DÏxc‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q, m ̈vi †h bZzb msL ̈v c×wZwU Avwe®..vi K‡i‡Q Zv‡K 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 †gvU 5wU msL ̈v i‡q‡Q| A_©vr, m ̈v‡ii Avwe®.....Z msL ̈vwUi wfwË n‡”Q 5| GLb (2FC)16 msL ̈vwU‡K bZzb msL ̈v c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z cÖ_‡g G‡K `kwg‡K iƒcvšÍi K‡i †bIqv hvK| (2FC)16 = (2 × 162 ) + (15 × 161 ) + (12 × 160 ) = (764)10