Tiêu đề TOPIC 13 - LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP.docx ✅

Tailieugiangday.vn TOPIC 13. REPORTED SPEECH (Lời nói gián tiếp) PART 1. GRAMMAR  Rules (Quy tắc chung)  Lời nói trực tiếp hay còn gọi là lời trích dẫn, dùng để diễn đạt lời nói của ai một cách trực tiếp. Lời của người nói được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép.  Lời nói gián tiếp hay còn gọi là câu tường thuật, dùng để thuật lại lời nói của ai một cách gián tiếp, không dùng dấu ngoặc kép. Examples: Trực tiếp: “I am doing my homework now.” she said. Gián tiếp: She said (that) she was doing her homework then.  Cách chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp. Cấu trúc chung: “S 1 + V + ...”, S 2 said/ told ... S 2 + said/ told ... + (that) + S 1 + V (lùi thì) +...  Các quy tắc biến đổi thành phần trong lời nói gián tiếp.  Biến đổi động từ (V)  Lùi về một thì Am, is - are Was - were Was - were Had been Will - shall Would Can / May Could / Might Must - Have to/ has to Had to Present simple Past simple Present perfect (have/ has P II ) Past simple (V past ) Past perfect (had P ll )  Biến đổi đại từ (Chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu, đại từ sở hữu) Chủ ngữ S1 Tân ngữ O Tính từ sở hữu Đại từ sở hữu I He - she Me Him - her I He - she Me Him - her We They Us Them We They Us Them
Tailieugiangday.vn You I - he – she - we Yo u Me - him - her - us You I - he - she - we You Me - him - her - us  Biến đổi trạng từ (Thời gian, địa điểm) This (đây, này - số ít) These (đây, này - số nhiều) That (đó, kia - số ít) Those (đó, kia - số nhiều) Here (ở đây) There (ở đó) Now (bây giờ) Then (lúc đó) Today (hôm hay) Tonight (tối nay) Yesterday (hôm qua) Tomorrow (ngày mai) That day That night The day before - The previous day The next day - The following day The day before yesterday (ngày hôm kia) The day after tomorrow (ngày kia) 2 days before In 2 days’time Ago (trước) Before Next week/ month / year (tuần, tháng, năm sau) The following week/ month/ year Last week/ month/ year (tuần, tháng, năm trước) The previous week/ month/ year  Common kinds of Reported Speech (Các loại lời nói gián tiếp cơ bản)  STATEMENT (Câu trần thuật)  “S 1 + V + …”, S 2 said/told … (SB)  S 2 + said/told … (SB) + (that) + S 1 + V lùi thì “We will visit her grandmother tomorrow.”, they said to me.  They said to me (that) they would visit my grandmother the following day/the next day.  YES/NO QUESTION (Câu nghi vấn)  “Do/ Did/ Have/ Will/ Can/ Are ...+ S 1 + V …?”, S 2 asked (SB)  S 2 + asked/wanted to know/ wondered + (SB) + if / whether + S 1 + V lùi thì +... “Do you often go out with your friends?”, An asked us.  An wanted to know if we often went out with our friends.
Tailieugiangday.vn “Is your brother in London now?”, I asked Mary.  I asked Mary whether her brother was in London then.  WH-QUESTION (Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi)  “Wh-words + trợ động từ + S1 + V …?”, S2 asked (SB)  S 2 + asked/wanted to know/ wondered + (SB) + Wh-words + S 1 + V lùi thì +... “What does he usually buy here?”, An asked us.  An asked us what he usually bought there. “When have you worked for this company?”, I asked John.  I wondered when John had worked for that company.  IMPERATIVES (Câu mệnh lệnh)  “(Don’t) V …, (please).”, S asked/told (SB)  S + asked/told + O + (not) to V. “Close the windows, please.”, Min told me.  Min asked/told me to close the windows. “Don’t walk on the grass.”, he told me.  He asked/told me not to walk on the grass.  REQUEST (Câu yêu cầu)  “Will, would, can, could + you + (not) V + (please)?”, S asked/told (SB)  "Do/Would you mind+ (not) Ving?”, S asked/ told (SB)  S + asked / told + SB + (not) to V “Will you help me please?”, Tom asked Jim.  Tom told /asked Jim to help him. “Do you mind not turning the TV on?”, he told me.  He told / asked me not to turn the TV on.  Repoting Verbs (Các động từ thường thuật hay gặp) 1. OFFER (Đề nghị, mời)  Đề nghị mình làm gì cho ai:  “Shall I/Do you want me to + V?”  “I will + V if you kike”  S + offered to V “Shall I carry your bag?”, he said to me.  He offered to carry my bag.  Mời ai cái gì:  “Would you like + ST?”  S + offered (SB) + ST “Would you like some cakes?”, he said to me.  He offered me some cakes.
Tailieugiangday.vn 2. INVITE (Mời)  Mời ai làm gì:  “Would you like + to V?”  S + invited SB + to V “Would you like to drink some tea?”, he said to me.  He invited me to drink some tea. 3. ADVISE (Khuyên)  Khuyên ai làm gì:  “S + should(n’t)/ought (not)/had better (not) + V?”  “If I were you, I would + V”  “My advice for you is + to V”  S + advised SB + (not) to V “You should go to bed early.”, my mother told me.  My mother advised me to go to bed early. 4. REMIND (Nhắc nhở)  Nhắc nhở ai làm gì:  “Remember + to V.”  “Don’t forget + to V.”  S + reminded SB + to V “Remember to lock the door”, he said to me.  He reminded me to lock the door. 5. SUGGEST (Gợi ý)  Gợi ý mình và người khác làm gì:  “Shall we/Why don’t we/Let’s + V?”  “What about/How about + Ving?”  S + suggested + Ving “Let’s play football.”, David said.  David suggested playing football.  Gợi ý người khác làm gì:  “Why don’t you + V?”  S + suggested + SB + Ving S + suggested + (that) + S2 + (should) V “Why don’t you play chess?”, David said.  David suggested me playing chess.  David suggested (that) I (should) play chess. 6. PROMISE (Hứa)  Hứa làm gì:  “S 1 + promise + (that) + S 2 + will/won’t + V.”  S + promised + (not) to V “I promise I’ll arrive on time.”, Jim said.  Jim promised to arrive on time. 7. WARN (Cảnh báo)  Cảnh báo ai làm gì:  “Please + V/ don’t V.”  S + warned + SB (not) to V “Don’t play with matches, An.”, she said.  She warned An not to play with