Tiêu đề Political science Question No 05 What is state explain essential elements of state difference between State and government..pdf ✅

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❖ According to Machavilli. “All the forces which have control or authority on man are states.” 3. DEFINITION OF STATE: ❖ According to Aristotle: “State is the name of group of different families and villages in an organized way the purpose of which is to provide facilities for the set up of good and free life of people.” 4. ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF STATE: The concept of the Islamic State revolves around the establishment of a political and religious authority based on Islamic principles. It seeks to create a society governed by Sharia law, aiming to implement its vision through strict adherence to religious doctrine and governance under Islamic leadership. 5. OBJECT OF STATE: The object of the state is to ensure the well-being and security of its citizens while maintaining law and order. It is responsible for providing essential services, promoting justice, safeguarding individual rights, and fostering the overall development and prosperity of the nation and its people. 6. PRINCIPLE OF STATE: The principle of state refers to the fundamental concept that a sovereign entity possesses supreme authority over a defined territory and its inhabitants. It encompasses the state's ability to govern, make laws, maintain order, and engage in international relations. 7. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF STATE: Here are four important elements of a state. 1. Territory:
A state has a defined area of land and water that it governs. Just like a house or a room has its own boundaries, a state has borders that separate it from other states. 2. Population: A state is made up of people who live within its borders. These people are its citizens or residents. The population can be large or small, but it is an essential element of a state. 3. Government: Every state has a system in place to make and enforce rules and decisions. This system is called the government. It consists of leaders and institutions that manage the affairs of the state and provide services to its people. 4. Sovereignty: Sovereignty means that a state has the ultimate authority and power to govern itself. It is independent and free from interference by other states. Sovereignty allows a state to make its own laws, control its resources, and engage in relationships with other states. Remember, these elements work together to define and shape a state. 8. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ISLAMIC AND WESTERN CONCEPT OF STATE: The Islamic and Western concepts of the state differ in several ways, and here's some key differences. 1. Source of Authority: In the Islamic concept, authority derives from divine law (Sharia) as interpreted by religious scholars. In the Western concept, authority is typically derived from the will of the people. 2. Role of Religion: Islamic concept of the state emphasizes the integration of religious principles in governance and law. In contrast, Western concepts of the state tend to prioritize secularism, separating religion.
3. Legal System: Islamic concept of the state often implements Sharia as the basis for its legal system. In contrast, Western concepts of the state generally rely on civil law systems, which are based on legislation enacted by the government and interpreted by courts. 4. Individual Rights: Islamic concept acknowledge certain individual rights, and moral responsibilities. Western concepts of the state also emphasize the protection of individual rights and freedoms. 5. Political Structure: Western concepts of the state often advocate for democratic systems. In Islamic concepts, various political structures have existed historically, ranging from caliphates to monarchies and modern republics. 9. CONCEPT OF STATE IN PAKISTAN: ❖ According to Constitution of Pakistan 1973. “Federal parliamentary democratic republic based on Islam, with power divided between the federal government and provinces.” 10. SCOPE OF STATE: The scope of the state refers to the range of responsibilities and functions that a government assumes within a society. It includes tasks such as providing public services, ensuring national security, enforcing laws, promoting economic development, and safeguarding the well-being and rights of its citizens. 11. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN STATE AND GOVERNMENT: 1. Definition and Scope: