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2.........................................................................................................................................................................  ICT Chapter-2 Rhombus Publications wmb‡μvbvm c×wZ‡ZÑ 80 evBU cwgv‡Yi GKwU K ̈v‡i±vi eøK ̄’vbvšÍ‡i 2 evBU †nWvi I 2 evBU †UBjvi Bbdi‡gkb hy3 Ki‡Z n‡e| †gvU †WUv = cÖK...Z †WUv  Ifvi‡nW †WUv = (80  4) evBU = 84 weU|  `ÿZv,  = 80 84  100% = 95.23% A_v©r, wmb‡μvbvm Gi `ÿZv A ̈vwmb‡μvbv‡mi PvB‡Z †ewk| Z‡e wmb‡μvbvm †WUv UavÝwgkb AwaK e ̈qeûj KviY G‡Z †cÖiK †÷k‡b †cÖi‡Ki mv‡_ GKwU cÖvBgvwi †÷v‡iR wWfvB‡mi cÖ‡qvRb nq| cÖkœ2 †bUIqvK©-1 †bUIqvK©-2 †bUIqvK©-3 (K) myBP Kx? [Xv. †ev. 24] (L) †cÖv‡UvKj ej‡Z Kx eySvq? [Xv. †ev. 24] (M) †bUIqvK©-1 Gi U‡cvjwRwU e ̈vL ̈v Ki| [Xv. †ev. 24] (N) m¤ú~Y© †bUIqvK© mPj †i‡L bZzb wWfvBm hy3 Kivi †ÿ‡Î †bUIqvK©-2 I †bUIqvK©-3 Gi U‡cvjwRi g‡a ̈ †KvbwU AwaK Dc‡hvMx? ZzjbvgyjK we‡kølYc~e©K gZvgZ `vI| [Xv. †ev. 24] mgvavb: K myBP GK ai‡bi eû †cvU©wewkó †bUIqvK© wWfvBm hvi gva ̈‡g †bUIqv‡K©i g‡a ̈ mvf©vi, IqvK©‡÷kb Ges wewfbœ †cwi‡divj wWfvBmmg~n mshy3 _v‡K| L Z_ ̈ Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi †h wbqg Kvbyb Av‡Q, hv mdUIq ̈vi AvKv‡i _v‡K, Zv‡K ejv nq †cÖv‡UvKj| wewfbœ ai‡bi †cÖv‡UvKj i‡q‡Q| †hgbÑ TCP/ IP, HTTP, FTP BZ ̈vw`| †cÖv‡UvKj wbfz©j I `ÿZvi mv‡_ †WUv UavÝwgkb Kivi Rb ̈ Rb ̈ †WUv wm‡Kv‡qwÝs, †WUv ivDwUs, †d¬v K‡›Uavj I Gii K‡›Uavj GB KvR ̧‡jv K‡i _v‡K| M †bUIqvK©-1 Gi U‡cvjwRwU evm I wis U‡cvjwRi mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU nvBweaW U‡cvjwR| mvaviYZ ÷vi, wis, evm BZ ̈vw` U‡cvjwRi mgš^‡q MwVZ †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR‡K ejv nq nvBweaW U‡cvjwR e‡j| †hgb: B›Uvi‡bU GB ai‡Yi U‡cvjwR| B›Uvi‡bU n‡jv e„nr cwim‡ii GKwU †bUIqvK© †hLv‡b me ai‡bi U‡cvjwRi wgkÖY †`Lv hvq| nvBweaW U‡cvjwR e ̈env‡ii †ek wKQz myweav Av‡Q| 1. cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx †bUIqvK© evov‡bv hvq| 2. †Kv‡bv Askwe‡kl bó n‡j I m¤ú~Y© †bUIqvK© bó nq bv| 3. mgm ̈v †`Lv w`‡j mn‡RB wbY©q m¤¢e nq| G‡ÿ‡Î †h‡nZz evm Ges wis U‡cvjwRi wgkÖY e ̈eüZ n‡q‡Q, Dfq †ÿ‡Î †Kv‡bv †K›`axq wWfvB‡mi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| GQvov Kg Zvi cÖ‡qvRb nIqvi e ̈q ̄^í nq| Z‡e, evm U‡cvjwR‡Z me wWfvBm GKwU g~j K ̈vej Øviv hy3 nIqvq g~j K ̈vej bó n‡j cy‡iv †bUIqvK© APj n‡q hv‡e| N DÏxc‡K †bUIqvK©-2 n‡jv ÷vi U‡cvjwR Ges †bUIqvK©-3 n‡jv wis U‡cvjwR| wis U‡cvjwR‡Z cÖwZwU wWfvBm G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ Zvi Øviv hy3 G‡Z †Kv‡bv Ask bó n‡j m¤ú~Y© †bUIqvK© APj n‡q co‡e| Aciw`‡K, †bUIqvK©Ñ2 A_©vr ÷vi U‡cvjwR‡Z GKwU †K›`axq myB‡Pi mv‡_ mKj wWfvBm hy3| GB myBP-B †WUv PjvPj wbqš¿Y K‡i| GLv‡b †Kv‡bv wWfvBm miv‡Z ev †Kv‡bv wWfvBm bó n‡j cy‡iv †bUIqv‡K© †Kv‡bv cÖfve c‡o bv| ZvB bZzb wWfvBm hy3 Ki‡Z PvB‡j m¤ú~Y© wm‡÷‡g †Kv‡bv cÖfve c‡o bv| ZvB †bUIqvK©Ñ2 A_©vr ÷vi U‡cvjwR bZzb wWfvBm hy3 Ki‡Z AwaK Dc‡hvMx| cÖkœ3 †kÖwYK‡ÿ AvBwmwU wkÿK Ggb GKwU U‡cvjwR m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`q †hLv‡b GKwU †K›`axq wWfvBm e ̈eüZ nq hv wbw`©ó wWfvB‡m †WUv †cÖi‡Y mÿg| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb Av‡iK ai‡bi U‡cvjwRi aviYv †`q †hLv‡b wWfvBmmg~n ci ̄ú‡ii mv‡_ mivmwi mshy3 _v‡K| (K) K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Kx? [iv. †ev. 24] (L) ÒB›Uvi‡b‡Ui MwZ e ̈eüZ hš¿cvwZ I wgwWqv‡gi Dci wbf©ikxjÓ ÑeywS‡q †jL| [iv. †ev. 24] (M) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †K›`axq wWfvB‡mi Kvh©vewj e ̈vL ̈v Ki| [iv. †ev. 24] (N) DÏxc‡Ki U‡cvjwR `ywUi g‡a ̈ †KvbwU †ewk myweavRbK? gZvgZ `vI| [iv. †ev. 24] mgvavb: K K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Ggb GKwU Kw¤úDwUs cÖhyw3 hv B›Uvi‡bU Ges †K›`axq wi‡gvU mvf©vi e ̈env‡ii gva ̈‡g †WUv Ges Gwcø‡Kkbmg~n wbqš¿Y I iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z mÿg| L B›Uvi‡bU Gi MwZ ev w ̄úW Zvi e ̈vÛDB‡_i Dci wbf©ikxj| cÖwZ †m‡KÛ †h cwigvY †WUv GK ̄’vb n‡Z Ab ̈ ̄’v‡b ̄’vbvšÍwiZ nq Zv‡K e ̈vÛDB_ e‡j| GKwU KwgDwb‡Kkb †bUIqv‡K©i e ̈vÛDB_ †mLv‡b e ̈eüZ hš¿cvwZ I wgwWqv‡gi Dci wbf©ikxj| †hgb: mvaviY †Uwj‡dv‡bi Zv‡ii †P‡q AcwUK ̈vj K ̈ve‡j e ̈vÛDB_ A‡bK ̧Y †ewk cvIqv hv‡e| Avevi AcwUK ̈vj K ̈vej mv‡_ mvgÄm ̈c~Y© MwZi Uvwg©bvj e ̈envi bv Kiv n‡j Kvw•ÿZ MwZ cvIqv hvq bv| myZivs B›Uvi‡b‡Ui MwZ e ̈eüZ hš¿cvwZ I wgwWqvg Gi Dci wbf©ikxj|