Tiêu đề PB3 - NP 3 - STUDENT COPY.docx ✅

2 | Page D. Cyanosis of the lips 14. Balloon valvuloplasty is primarily performed to: A. Remove thrombi B. Treat arrythmias C. Improve blood flow D. Dissolve valve calcifications 15. Following the balloon valvuloplasty, which of the following is the priority assessment? A. Peripheral pulses and capillary refill in the catheterized limb B. Assessing bowel sound and abdominal distention for signs of ileus C. Noting pupillary response and level of consciousness q8h D. Monitoring of input and output to prevent fluid overload Situation: Nurse Jim is responsible for preoperative preparation, intraoperative support, and post- procedure monitoring for a patient scheduled for a diagnostic cardiac catheterization to assess for coronary artery disease. 16. Before the procedure, Nurse Jim is reviewing the preoperative checklist. Which of the following actions must be completed as a legal and ethical requirement? A. Ask the patient to empty the bladder to prevent discomfort B. Ensure the patient has removed all jewelry and dentures C. Confirm that the patient has signed the informed consent form D. Assess allergy to iodine and shellfish 17. During a left-sided cardiac catheterization, the cardiologist plans to insert the catheter to assess coronary artery function. As nurse Jim prepares the patient, it is essential to know the most common vascular access site used for this procedure. Which site is typically chosen for left heart catheterization? A. Radial Artery B. Jugular Vein C. Subclavian Vein D. Femoral Artery 18. A critically ill patient is admitted to the ICU and a Swan- Ganz catheter is inserted via the jugular vein to provide continuous hemodynamic monitoring. Nurse Jim understands that this catheter allows direct measurement of which of the following? A. Coronary artery blockages and thrombus location B. Pulmonary artery pressure and central venous pressure C. Arterial oxygen saturation D. Left ventricular ejection fraction 19. What is the main advantage of cardiac catheterization in diagnosing coronary artery disease? A. It provides direct visualization of coronary artery blockages B. It permanently opens blocked arteries without the need for stents C. It is less invasive compared to other imaging methods D. It is safe for all patients Situation: Prompt and proper nursing actions improve outcomes in patients presenting with chest pain. 20. Nurse Rory is caring for a patient with sudden onset chest pain described as crushing and radiating to his left arm. He appears pale, anxious, and slightly diaphoretic. Which order should be performed first? A. Administer meperidine B. Apply oxygen C. Obtain ECG D. Start IV access 21. How should Nurse Rory instruct the patient in using sublingual Nitroglycerin properly? A. “Take the tablet only when your chest pain feels severe enough to worry you, and rest afterward.” B. “Swallow the tablet quickly with water to and lie flat to avoid feeling dizzy” C. “Place one tablet under your tongue then you make take another tablet every 5 minutes, up to three tablets” D. “Take one tablet, then three more every 5 minutes, and call emergency services.” Situation: Nurse Christopher is assessing heart failure patients and monitoring for complications and treatment effects. 22. Which of the following would most likely support a diagnosis of right-sided heart failure? A. Crackles heard in bilateral lung bases B. Frothy pink sputum on coughing C. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema D. Decreased oxygen saturation levels during exertion 23. Nurse Christopher is reviewing lab results for a female patient taking furosemide for fluid overload. Which of the following findings would require immediate intervention? A. Hematocrit of 45% B. Serum potassium of 2.1 mmol/L C. Serum Magnesium of 1.7 mEq/L D. BUN of 18 mg/dL 24. A patient with pitting edema has a dent in the skin that lasts for more than a minute after palpation. How should this be classified based on standard grading? A. +1 B. +2 C. +3 D. +4 26. Digoxin is prescribed in heart failure primarily to: A. Reduce afterload B. Increase heart rate C. Increase myocardial contractility D. Decrease preload Situation: Nurse Luke is caring for a critically ill patient with signs of low cardiac output. 27. Which of the following best describes cardiogenic shock? A. Inadequate tissue perfusion due to hypovolemia B. A sudden drop in blood pressure from spinal injury C. Impaired tissue perfusion due to the heart’s inability to pump effectively D. Reduced perfusion caused by systemic allergic reaction 28. Which of the following findings would Nurse Luke expect when assessing a patient in cardiogenic shock? A. Warm, flushed skin and bounding pulses B. Bradycardia and increased urine output C. Hypertension and increased jugular vein pressure D. Hypotension and decreased urine output 29. Which of the following diagnostic findings best supports the diagnosis of cardiogenic shock? A. Mean arterial pressure of 95 mmHg and urine output of 60ml/hour B. Pulmonary artery wedge pressure of 20 mmHg and cardiac output of 2.5 L/min C. Central venous pressure of 2mmHg and cardiac output of 6.5L/min D. Pulmonary artery wedge pressure of 10 mmHg and oxygen saturation of 75% 30. What is the priority nursing intervention in the initial management of cardiogenic shock? A. Rapidly infuse large amounts of intravenous fluids B. Encourage early ambulation C. Give Fosinopril as ordered D. Administer Dopamine as prescribed 31. Which of the following conditions most commonly leads to cardiogenic shock? A. Myocardial infarction B. Severe sepsis C. Pulmonary embolism D. Anaphylaxis Situation: Nurse Heme is assessing the patient's respiratory system during a routine physical exam.