Unit V: Application Domains Search Engine: A search engine is an online answering machine, which is used to search, understand, and organize content's result in its database based on the search query (keywords) inserted by the end-users (internet user). To display search results, all search engines first find the valuable result from their database, sort them to make an ordered list based on the search algorithm, and display in front of end-users. The process of organizing content in the form of a list is commonly known as a Search Engine Results Page (SERP). Google, Yahoo!, Bing, YouTube, and DuckDuckGo are some popular examples of search engines. Large search engines contain millions and sometimes billions of pages; many search engines not only just search the pages but also display the results depending upon their importance. This importance is commonly determined by using various algorithms. For users, a search engine is accessed through a browser on their computer, Smartphone, table, or another device. Advantages of Search Engine: 1) Time-Saving: Search engine helps us to save time by the following two ways - Eliminate the need to find information manually. Perform search operations at a very high speed. 2) Variety of information: The search engine offers various variety of resources to obtain relevant and valuable information from the Internet. By using a search engine, we can get information in various fields such as education, entertainment, games, etc. The information which we get from the search engine is in the form of blogs, pdf, ppt, text, images, videos, and audios. 3) Precision: All search engines have the ability to provide more precise results. 4) Free Access: Mostly search engines such as Google, Bing, and Yahoo allow end-users to search their content for free. In search engines, there is no restriction related to a number of searches, so all end users (Students, Job seekers, IT employees, and others) spend a lot of time to search valuable content to fulfill their requirements. 5) Advanced Search: Search engines allow us to use advanced search options to get relevant, valuable, and informative results. Advanced search results make our searches more flexible as well as sophisticated. For example, when you want to search for a specific site, type "site:" without quotes followed by the site's web address. Suppose we want to search for java tutorial on javapoint then type "java site:www.javatpoint.com" to get the advanced result quickly. To search about education institution sites (colleges and universities) for B.Tech in computer science engineering, then use "computer science engineering site:.edu." to get the advanced result. 6) Relevance: Search engines allow us to search for relevant content based on a particular keyword. For example, a site "javapoint" scores a higher search for the term "java tutorial" this is because a search engine sorts its result pages by the relevance of the content; that's why we can see the highest-scoring results at the top of SERP. Disadvantages of Search Engine: There are the following disadvantages of Search Engines - Sometimes the search engine takes too much time to display relevant, valuable, and informative content. Search engines, especially Google, frequently update their algorithm, and it is very difficult to find the algorithm in which Google runs. It makes end-users effortless as they all time use search engines to solve their small queries also.
E-MAIL (Electronic Mail) Services: The Internet is commonly used for sending and receiving e-mails. We can send a message electronically to any person on the globe, provided that person has an e-mail-id. This service is fast and economical 1) Chatting: Chatting involves textual exchange of message in real time. Chat servers provide facility to create virtual chat rooms and only the members associated with these rooms are allowed to share messages. Chat works best if the time is scheduled by both the parties who are willing to chat – as both the parties must be connected to the Internet while chatting. Some common chat engines are : Yahoo Messenger, Google Talk, Rediff Bol, etc. 2) Instant Messanger Service: These tools can be used to send messages instantly. It also allows us to talk to anyone anywhere in the world. This is a cheaper and quicker method compared to other services. Unlike chatting, it is not necessary to have an account with the same provider. Additionally, both the users need not be connected while sending messages. We can easily download the messenger software from Internet e.g. MSN Messenger, Yahoo Messenger, etc. 3) Newsgroup: Newsgroup is an e-service hosted by many newsgroup organisations. One can become a member of a newsgroup and read and share current affairs and messages. Newsgroups cover a broad domain of interests including education, science and technology, medicine, arts, sports, etc. USENET is one such example. 4) Teleconfercing: People can have a conference or meeting sitting at different locations with a microphone attached to their computers. 5) Video Confercing: In teleconferencing we are able to talk to each other sitting at different places but in video-conferencing we can also see what is happening at the other side. We have observed that the anchor, panellists and experts sitting at different locations across the globe communicate and share their views in many news channels. For this, we need a web-camera and a microphone connected to the computer system, high bandwidth connection, and video- conferencing software. 6) E-Commerce: E-commerce or Electronic-Commerce means online transactions of business. In this, the vendor and customer conduct a transaction sitting at different geographical locations, connected through the Internet. The customer need not strain himself by visiting a number of shops outside in scorching heat or heavy rains. He can do shopping by sitting at home, visiting the desired e-commerce site and placing an order 7) M- Commerce: It is an acronym for mobile commerce. It is an upcoming technology after e-commerce. It involves buying and selling of goods and services electronically through wireless handheld devices at any place. We can do transactions through our mobile phones also. How to manage AN E-Mail Account: 1) E-mail Address: An e-mail address (account) consists of two main parts, the username and the domain-server name with the symbol @ in between.
@ Username can be any name but domain-name is fixed for a particular website on which we have our e-mail account. For example, [email protected], [email protected] or [email protected], etc. 2) Configuring E-Mail Account: We can easily make our e-mail account by visiting websites which provide this service. Many websites like www.indiatimes.com, www.rediffmail.com, www.hotmail.com provide free as well as paid e-mail services. For creating an e-mail account on the Google website we have to follow the steps given below: 1) Log on to the website by typing www.google.com and then select Mail option or simply type www.gmail.com
2) Click on the option ‘Sign Up’ or ‘New User’. A web page containing a form opens up in the browser. Fill in the form with details and click the option ‘Register Me’ or ‘Confirm’ If the details filled are NOT according to the questions asked then the host website shows an error message. An error will also result if the e-mail address you are attempting to make is already used by someone else. Each e- mail address is a unique address. 3) After the e-mail address has been created, the host website will congratulate and show a welcome screen and then will move on to our account.
How to log to an E-Mail Account: To send or receive mails, we have to login to our e-mail account as follows: • Open the website and type in the e-mail id and the password in the text boxes for user and password respectively. To send or receive mails, we have to login to our e-mail account as follows: • Open the website and type in the e-mail id and the password in the textboxes for user and password respectively. • Click on ‘sign in’. We are now logged in provided we have typed in the correct e-mail-id and password. Once logged in, we may expect a web page which looks similar to the one shown in. Receive Mails: To see the mails received, click on Inbox. A number against the Inbox indicates the number of unread mails. Once the Inbox is open, we shall see all the mails listed there. To read a mail, we need to just click on the mail that we wish to read. After going through the mails we can either let them remain in our account for future reference or we can also delete the same. There are options for deleting or transferring them to trash. Trash is a folder where we keep the mails to be deleted. Sending E-Mails: To send an e-mail, both the sender and receiver must have an e-mail account. To send an e-mail, follow the steps listed below: 1. Click on the ‘Compose’ option. 2. Enter the e-mail address of the receiver against any of the three options - To , CC and BCC. a) To: Address (es) mentioned in this box are visible to every receiver. b) CC: stands for Carbon Copy. The mail will be sent to the To address as well as CC address. The addresses typed in To as well as in CC are visible to all other receivers. c) BCC: Stands for Blind Carbon Copy. Each user whose addresses are typed in BCC is unaware of the fact that the 
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