Tiêu đề COMPRE - POST TEST - PEDIA (Ms. Destajo) SC ✅

TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 1 | COMPREHENSIVE PHASE POST TEST PEDIATRIC NURSING Prepared By: Ms. Moryne Destajo, RN NOVEMBER 2025 Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination Review PEDIA NORMAL 1. As part of the Pain Assessment for infants, what assessment tool should be utilized? A. Pain Scale B. Faces Scale C. FLACC D. Presence of crying 2. The doctor instructed the nurse to assess patient Jin-hee’s Heart Rate who is a 10-month old infant. To obtain accurate data, when should the nurse perform the assessment? A. When Jin-hee is in the middle of crying episode B. While breastfeeding C. After the onset of crying episode D. While asleep 3. The doctor wants further assessment and he made an order to determine the child’s rate of respiration. To get reliable data, the nurse should focus on counting the movement of the _______. A. Chest B. Abdomen C. Nose D. Anus 4. As part of your health teaching, you reiterated the importance of Newborn Screening. Prior to the end of the program, a mother asked “when should a newborn screening be conducted?” You should accurately answer the question by stating: A. Immediately after birth B. 24 years after birth C. Few hours after birth D. 1 day after birth 5. Upon stroking the newborn’s lip, the newborn started to suck due to _____ reflex. Upon stroking the newborn’s cheek, the newborn started to suck due to _____ reflex. A. Rooting, Sucking B. Plantar, Palmar C. Sucking, Rooting D. Palmar, Plantar 6. Fanning out of toes when the sole of the foot is stroked is termed as ________. When the sole of the foot is pressed, it results in curling down of toes and it is called ______. A. Babinski reflex, Palmar grasp B. Plantar grasp, Babinski reflex C. Babinski reflex, Plantar grasp D. Palmar grasp, Babinski reflex 7. You are attending to a newborn baby boy delivered 3 days ago. Which statements made by the mother would necessitate further medical attention? A. “I have a lot of stocks of diapers since my son hasn’t defecated yet since he was born” B. “It seems that he is always hungry and demands feeding almost all of the time” C. “He always cry when he is hungry” D. “I noticed earlier that his skin has been yellowish in color” 8. Mrs. Samoñim is breastfeeding her newborn child. Since it’s her first time being a mother, she’s still curious about many things concerning her newborn child. She asked about the expected characteristics of stool of a breastfed child, as a nurse you will exclude which of the following? A. Yellow in color B. Sour in odor C. Firm in consistency D. A and B 9. A nurse is discussing normal GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT to a mother of an infant. Which of the following statements reflect “GROWTH"? A. “When my child’s age increased, she learned how to recognize faces. B. “I noticed that her clothes don’t fit anymore” C. “Her back needs to be supported when she sits back then, and now she is capable of sitting without support” D. When her weight doubled since she was born, she learned how to hold her bottle and extend her hands in anticipation of getting picked up. 10. All are INAPPROPRIATE statements about growth and development except? A. It contains phases and order B. Progress varies from individual C. Inevitable experience of all human beings D. All are correct 11. You are evaluating your health teaching to a 1st-time dad who’s very excited to perform his parental role to his son. However, you know that he needs additional teaching when he states which of the following about the sequence of development? A. “He is now capable of holding his feeding bottle. I know that later on, he will be capable of picking a 25 centavo coin” B. “My child is now capable of performing “close open, soon he will be able to know how to flex and extend his arms” C. “My son learned how to bend his hips before learning how to bend his knees” D. “My child’s ability to extend the phalanges of his hands come next after the ability to extend his arms forward” 12. The mother of a 5-week-old infant voices out her concern as she notices that upon pulling the hands of the infant, the head seems to be so heavy. You’ll explain that this occurs due to which of the following reasons? A. Because the infant is 1 month old B. Inability to control the head due to weak neck muscles C. It is possibly due to Hydrocephalus D. Inability to control the neck due to weak head muscles 13. The anterior fontanelle is characterized as: A. 3-4 cm antero-posterior diameter and 2-3 cm transverse diameter, diamond shape B. 2-3 cm antero-posterior diameter act. 3-4 cm: transverse diameter, diamond shape C. 2-3 cm in both antero-posterior and transverse diameter and diamond shape D. 3-4 cm transverse diameter act. 2-3 cm antero- posterior diameter, diamond shape 14. Soo-ho with a birth weight of 3.4 kilos is now 6 months old. He was brought by her mom to Doctor John for his monthly check up. Upon assessment, you can safely say that he is growing as expected if his weight is now: A. 6.8 lbs B. 10.2 kls * NLE * NCLEX * HAAD * PROMETRICS * DHA * MIDWIFERY * LET * RAD TECH * CRIMINOLOGY * DENTISTRY * PHARMACY * MED TECH
TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 2 | C. 6.8 kls D. 10.2 lbs 15. A 6-month-old child is inconsolable and crying for several minutes already. Upon assessment, signs of teething were noted. To relieve the child’s discomfort , what should you offer? A. Cold teether B. Cold treatment C. Firecrackers D. A coin to bite 16. Since Han-joo is now 8 months old, he is expected to have _______. A. Pubic hair B. Permanent Lower central incisors C. Deciduous teeth D. Complete set of milk teeth 17. MILK TEETHS start to erupt at _____, completed at _____, and expected to be replaced at _____. A. 3 months, 6 months, 6 years B. 6 months, 3 years, 9 years C. 6 months, 6 years, 9 years D. 6 months, 3 years, 6 years 18. Among the following age groups, _______ is expected to have the greatest fear of dying. A. Toddler B. Preschooler C. School Age D. Adolescent 19. Nurse Geum-yeong will administer ear drops to a 2 year old boy diagnosed with acute otitis media. What is the appropriate measure when instilling ear drops to a 2-year-old child? A. Pull the pinna up and back B. Pull the pinna down and back C. Pull the pinna up and forward D. Pull the pinna away from the ear 20. Ms. Kim told a 9-year-old Kang Min-a that she will not go to school today as instructed by her CEO mom as they will be picking up the chairman of their company which is her grandfather at the airport. Given Min-a’s age, what reaction will you expect from her? A. Happy as she is willing to skip classes B. Immediately think of the best outfit to wear C. Will have a feeling of relief as she will be able to have a day break from her tasks D. Anxious about the things that she might miss in class 21. Which of the following is the MOST IMPORTANT criteria in selecting toys for Infants? A. Can be washed B. Colorful C. Tiny to save up space D. Brightly-colored 22. Kang-hee is a teenage girl, what item is expected to be the most significant to her this time? A. Mirror B. Feeding bottle C. Handkerchief D. Table napkin 23. The nurse is preparing an adolescent girl for a complete physical examination. What is the most appropriate action for this age group? A. Examine the genitalia first B. Let the parents stay with the patient C. Genitalia should be examined last D. Drapes should be used after the procedure 24. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for an infant with a well-developed PINCER Grasp? A. Risk for Injury B. Imbalanced Nutrition C. Risk for Aspiration D. None of the above 25. What is the PRIORITY measure to be considered for a 10- month-old infant? A. Eliminate toys with tiny parts that can be detached B. Disinfect the toys to prevent acquisition of infections C. Provide the needs before signal arises D. Inadequate feeding 26. Ha-young is a PRESCHOOLER, she was brought by her mother to a clinic for consultation. There she met a toddler named Min-young. What is the type of play suitable for Min- young? A. Solitary B. Parallel C. Cooperative D. Competitive 27. Which among the following age groups will be the MOST suitable target for a health teaching program regarding the appropriate use of sanitary pads? A. Toddler B. Preschooler C. School age D. Adolescents 28. Nam Kyung-soo, an elementary student, is a constant achiever in academics. As a school nurse, what should be included in the teaching plan for his parents? A. To further develop sense of industry, increase the child’s task at home and limit school activities B. Scold the child for not obtaining a bigger achievement C. Recognition of the child’s achievements are necessary D. Limit the compliments given as the child might grow overconfident and full of himself 29. It is the mechanism of heat loss through the surrounding AIR. A. Airborne B. Convection C. Conduction D. Evaporation 30. Various practices to ensure the safety of a newborn is routinely done. What should have the highest PRIORITY? A. Putting on “baby tag” for identification B. Preventing hypothermia and initiation of breastfeeding C. Bathing the newborn immediately D. Slapping the newborn to initiate breathing 31. You are the nurse on duty and several student nurses are present in the area where you are assigned. Which of the following practices made by a student nurse to a newborn will make the nurse intervene? A. Immediate and thorough drying after the baby is born B. Gently wiping and rubbing the skin and ensuring complete dryness and prevent evaporative heat loss C. Putting on “baby tag” to the newborn for identification D. Placing the newborn on the mother’s chest for skin- to-skin contact 32. Ha-young, a 16 year old girl is hospitalized and will undergo appendectomy. What will be the most anticipated question from her? A. Will I die? B. What are the complications? C. How much will be the medical expenses? D. Will it leave a scar? 33. The physician will perform a physical assessment on a 2- year-old girl named Jee-min. To accurately do the procedure, the nurse should do which of the following? A. Tell the parents to leave and immediately come back when the assessment is over B. Put the child in restraint and prepare for sedation C. Let the parents stay with the child before the procedure and let them leave when it’s about to start D. Tell the parents to accompany the child during the procedure 34. A PRESCHOOL child is hospitalized,upon entering the room, you notice that the lights are off and she is alone as her father is currently at the cafeteria to purchase some beverages for them. The child told you that she is feeling an urge to urinate but you noticed that she is hesitant to go out of bed. To address her concern, the nurse should: A. Tell the father not to leave the child alone B. Turn on the light and assist the child to the comfort room C. Leave the child alone and instruct her to patiently wait for her father D. Perform catheterization immediately 35. A 3-year-old child is having an episode of temper tantrum. What should be the most important thing to do in this scenario? A. Spank the child
TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 3 | B. Say “If you do not stop, I will throw away all of your toys” C. Provide safety D. Ignore the behavior 36. A toddler is in the active stage of temper tantrum. Which of the following measures necessitates further instruction to the mother? A. Ensures that the child is safe during the episode of tantrum B. Picks up the child during the tantrum C. Lets the child calm down before talking to her D. None of the above 37. A hospitalized TODDLER is hesitant to eat. As a knowledgeable nurse, how should you respond? A. What do you want to eat? B. What do you want to eat, mashed potato or sweet potato? C. I have here a chicken soup and a mashed banana, you have to eat this before taking your medications D. Allow the child to refuse and come back when the child displays interest in food. 38. A sleeping newborn cries when a blaring fire truck passes by, due to ______. The newborn cries when suddenly movement of the crib is detected, due to _____. A. Startle reflex, Moro reflex B. Moro reflex, Startle reflex C. Babinski reflex, Parachute reflex D. Sucking reflex, Rooting reflex 39. As a knowledgeable nurse, what should you recommend to the parents of a newborn? A. Sleep in the bed with the child for 24/7 supervision B. Use baby pillows for comfort C. Ensure that the mattress are ultra soft to prevent pressure ulcers D. Let the baby sleep in a crib 40. All but one are considered threats in the safety of an INFANT: A. Mobile hanging in a crib B. Large stuffed toys in the crib C. Leaving the child unattended D. None of the above 41. Which of the following is TRUE about the fetal circulation? A. Artery carries oxygenated blood only B. Vein carries deoxygenated blood only C. The pathway of blood is 2 veins and 1 artery D. There is a mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood 42. Which of the following behavioural responses would the nurse consider as NORMAL to an 18-month-old child who had just been hospitalized? A. Showing considerable interest in new things B. Explores the rooms of the hospital C. Crying loudly when the parents leave D. Plays rattle alone 43. Effective communication with an INFANT will be achieved if the nurse uses which of the following approaches? A. Let the parents do the tasks to prevent crying B. Allow the child to warm up to the nurse C. Use an adult voice when communicating with the child D. Communicate through the caregivers 44. As part of your health teaching regarding the child’s development, you decided to discuss “Negativism”. You’ll tell the parents that this occurs due to: A. Child’s struggle to do things independently B. Failure to cater the child’s needs C. Poor environment for the child D. Manipulative behaviour of children 45. In assessing the growth and development of a 5-month-old infant, All but one are expected findings except: A. Can transfer object from one hand to another B. Strong head lag C. Hold arms up in anticipation of being picked up D. Capable of turning from the abdomen to back 46. Na-yeon just celebrated her 3rd birthday. According to Erik Erikson, she needs to develop: A. Autonomy B. Initiative C. Identity D. Industry 47. Mrs. Min wants to ensure that her daughter is sufficiently nourished. She inquired about the specific food items to include in her daughter’s diet to improve bone health. What should you recommend? A. Butter, Cream, Tocino B. Yogurt, and Cheese, Butter C. Cow milk, Gravy, Aged cheese D. Spinach, Lettuce, Broccoli 48. The child begins to combine syllables and say something such as “mama” at what age? A. 3 months B. 5 months C. 8 months D. 12 months 49. A 5 year old child was told that her favorite grandmother passed away. What will be the expected reaction of this child? A. Nothing B. Will throw temper tantrums C. Cry loudly D. Laughing loudly 50. As part of the routine newborn care, vaccination is done and VITAMIN K is given intramuscularly to the newborn. You are aware that newborns are at Risk for Bleeding due to what specific reason? A. There is an absence of bacteria in the stomach, making it sterile B. Absence of colonic bacteria that contributes to Vitamin K synthesis C. Presence of hematologic disorders upon birth D. Sterility of the abdomen PEDIA ABNORMAL 1. As part of the CYSTIC FIBROSIS awareness program, the following should be included in the list of the affected organs except: A. Pancreas B. Brain C. Lungs D. Skin 2. Which statements by a parent would suggest manifestations of CYSTIC FIBROSIS? Select all that apply: 1. “Upon kissing my child, I noticed that his sweat is very salty” 2. “I feel bad for my child, he is having difficulty of breathing” 3. “It seems that a lot of mucus is trapped in my child’s chest and he can’t expectorate it easily” 4. “My child’s stool is foul smelling and it looks weird — it seems to have fats and very oily” 5. “My son is having a hard time in defecating” A. 1,2,3 B. 1,2,3,4 C. 1,2,3,4,5 D. 1,3,4 3. Upon evaluation of the effectiveness of health teaching for Cystic Fibrosis, which statement by a parent would not necessitate further teaching? A. “I am aware that my daughter may be infertile” B. “It’s understandable if my child have stunted growth” C. “Pancreatitis is one of the complications of the disease” D. All of these 4. Which of the following food items should the nurse include in the diet plan of a child with Celiac Disease? 1. Cow’s milk 2. Crackers and oatmeal 3. Whole wheat bread 4. Mashed potato 5. Gluten-free vegetable salad 6. Creamy barley pudding A. 2,3,6 B. 1,4,5 C. 1 and 4 D. 1,4,6 5. The nurse should perform another health teaching session if which of the following is verbalized by the mother of a child with CELIAC DISEASE?
TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 4 | A. “I will not let my child eat commercial pizza” B. “I will be careful not to prepare meals with a processed ingredient” C. “If we will be attending a birthday party, I will make sure to bring a homemade cake for my child” D. “I need to be very careful with the food choices for my child until the time she is cured” 6. A father of a child with celiac disease, inquired about the specific foods that should not be given to his child. As a nurse, you should not include which of the following? A. Oatmeal B. Wheat flour C. Both A and B D. Rice 7. The nurse is conducting rounds for vital signs monitoring at 3:00 am when she notices a child in an opisthotonus position. What should be the most appropriate nursing intervention for a child in an opisthotonus position? A. Immediately restrain to promote safety B. Scream and run C. Place in lateral position D. Have the child lie on the abdomen 8. As a knowledgeable nurse, which of the following is considered as an INAPPROPRIATE measure for a child with increased ICP? A. Placing the child in Semi-fowler's position B. Administering Mannitol as ordered C. Carefully preparing the child for a Lumbar tap D. Providing a non-stimulating environment 9. ________ is considered as the long-term complication of Spina Bifida Cystica while ________ is considered as the short- term complication. A. Hydrocephalus, Meningitis B. Infection, Increased ICP C. Meningitis, Hydrocephalus D. Hemiplegia, Infection 10. The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. With the given diagnosis, what protective equipment should the nurse utilize when caring for the child? A. KN95 mask B. Surgical mask C. N95 mask D. Sterile gloves 11. A child with Meningitis has been exhibiting PROJECTILE VOMITING for the past few hours. This phenomenon will likely cause ________. A. Respiratory Acidosis B. Metabolic Alkalosis C. Respiratory Alkalosis D. Metabolic Acidosis 12. Which of the following conditions would have the highest risk of developing infections of the lower urinary tract? A. Anencephaly B. Hydrocephalus C. Spina Bifida Cystica D. Spina Bifida Occulta 13. A lumbar puncture was ordered for a toddler who is suspected of having meningitis. Which of the following considerations should the nurse bear in mind while caring for the toddler during lumbar puncture? A. Provide instructions to the parents about the procedure B. Elevate the head of the bed C. Move the child from side to side D. Hold the child in place 14. A preschooler was admitted and the admitting diagnosis is MENINGITIS. Meningitis is known to have various causative agents. Which is not considered as appropriate management for a child with meningitis caused by Neisseria Meningitidis? Administer antibiotics as ordered A. Elevate the head of the bed for at least 30° B. Give antiviral medications as ordered C. Raise the side rails of the bed 15. What is considered INAPPROPRIATE for a child with MENINGOCELE? A. Place the child in prone position B. Watch out for SIDS C. Make sure that the sac is moist D. Regularly replace soiled diapers to prevent infections 16. You are discussing the difference between SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA and SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA. Which statement is TRUE about spina bifida occulta? A. The child may have difficulty in defecation B. Surgical procedure is not necessary for this patient C. Parents should be informed that the child may have problems in mobility D. The integrity of the sac should be maintained to prevent infections 17. A child with ASTHMA is crying over a pet that she could not have. The parent asked about the pet allowed for the child. Your response will be considered appropriate if it includes _______. A. Dog B. Fish C. Cat D. Snake 18. During the acute episode of ASTHMA attack, the child’s mother approached you and reported that her child is getting better as the wheezing has already disappeared. In this scenario, you should: A. Assess the child and document the findings B. Let the child breathe in a paper bag C. After verifying the report, call the physician immediately D. Immediately administer high flow oxygen 19. The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of health teaching conducted to a group of parents of children with Glomerulonephritis. A parent will be considered knowledgeable enough if her statement includes which of the following about AGN except? Select all that apply 1. Periorbital edema 2. Hyperalbuminuria 3. Tea-colored urine 4. Hyperlipidemia 5. Hypoproteinemia 6. Anasarca A. 1 and 3 B. 2,4,5 and 6 C. 3 and 6 D. 1, 2, 4, and 5 20. What is the priority focus of care for a child with Acute Glomerulonephritis? A. Replacement of fluids through IV therapy B. Weighing the patient weekly C. Monitoring of BP every 4 hours D. Administering antiviral medications 21. Congenital Heart Defects are classified into two. Which of the following is considered “ACYANOTIC” (Select all that apply) 1. Aortic Stenosis 2. Atrioventricular Septal Defects 3. Tetralogy of fallot 4. Patent Ductus Arteriosus 5. Coarctation of the Aorta 6. Transposition of the great arteries 7. Pulmonic Stenosis A. 1,2,4,5,6 B. 1,3,4,5,7 C. 3 and 6 D. 1,2,4,5,7 22. Upon auscultation of the chest, a machinery-like murmur was noted. The nurse would suspect that the child has _________. A. Atrial Septal Defect B. Patent Foramen Ovale C. Patent Ductus Arteriosus D. Manufacturing machine 23. A child was diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot. Which of the following conditions would increase the child’s survival? A. Pulmonic Stenosis B. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy C. Ventricular Septal Defect D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus 24. A child with Tetralogy is having an acute episode of “Tet Spell”. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention this time? A. Put the child in knee-chest position B. Immediately start high flow oxygen therapy