Tiêu đề UNIT 9.pdf ✅

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 9 Audioscript 1 Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use. UNIT 9 Audioscript CONNECT to the topic page 82 Wellness counselor: Good afternoon. Welcome to the Wellness Center, Tomas. I’m your wellness counselor. I see from your registration form that you are here because you want to lose weight. Client Tomas: Yes, I’m getting married in three months. And I want to look good for my wedding. But I’m not making much progress. Wellness counselor: Congratulations! Of course you want to look your best. So, to start off, why don’t you tell me about a typical day for you? Tomas: Well, my days are pretty crazy right now, planning for the wedding and all. I work full time. I don’t get much exercise. I know I should, but most nights, I’m either too tired—or I go out with friends. And, there have been lots of pre-wedding parties, lots of not-so-good-for you food. Wellness counselor: OK. Take a deep breath. Let’s see if we can work on some healthy lifestyle changes for you. This will work out better long-term than just focusing on losing weight. Tomas: Hm. I don’t know. Right now, my goal is just to look great at my wedding. Wellness counselor: I get that—who doesn’t? But being at a healthy weight is also about having healthy eating habits and exercise habits. Tomas: I know what you’re saying is true, but can’t you just give me a quick way to lose weight? Wellness counselor: Let’s make our goal be: a lifestyle makeover. I’ll help you eat healthier food. And together we will fi gure out ways for you to get exercise during your busy days. OK? Tomas: Mm. Wellness counselor: And you’re going to have to let your friends and family know that they need to support you. Try to get your friends to take an exercise class with you. Together you can all look great and feel great at your wedding! Tomas: OK. OK. I’ll give it a try. Wellness counselor: That’s the right attitude! You can do this! FOCUS your attention page 85 Speaker: As you know, in the fi eld of public health, we look at basic factors that make both an individual and a community healthy. In my previous lecture, we considered the importance of good health care. Access to doctors and medicine and so on. Today I want to talk about another basic factor: food. More specifi cally, I want to talk about the choices people make about what to eat. We know that healthy eating is important to health. Globally, we are seeing an increase in fast foods, and a decrease in traditional foods. And, we’re seeing the impact this is having. So the question is: what is causing people to make the food choices they make. For example, is it lack of access to healthy food, such as fresh fruits and vegetables? Prices? Time? Other cultural reasons? What factors do we need to consider?. So let’s now turn to some developing nations, nations like India and Brazil, where this is a big concern right now. WATCH the lecture page 86 Professor Julian Young: E01 Today we’re going to look at a relatively new global epidemic. Now, when most people hear the word “epidemic,” they think of an infectious disease that spreads quickly, like hepatitis or Ebola. However, infectious diseases are just one type of epidemic. Today we’re going to talk about another kind of epidemic—one that is non- infectious. This is the epidemic of obesity, which is now offi cially a global health problem. E02 Obesity is a health condition in which a person has an excess amount of body fat. The World Health Organization— also known as the W-H-O—measures obesity by Body Mass Index, or BMI. The formula for calculating your BMI is your body weight in kilograms divided by your height in meters squared. An adult BMI of 18.5 to 25 is considered normal; 30 and up is considered obese. E03 According to the W-H-O, worldwide obesity has more than doubled in the past 35 years. Today approximately 600 million adults are considered obese, and obesity in children has increased sharply. One of the countries with the highest percentage of obese people is the United States, with a whopping 33 percent, according to the National Institutes of Health. That’s probably no surprise because the US, like the UK and Japan, is a developed country. But what’s important to point out is that the number of individuals classifi ed as obese is now increasing at a faster rate in economically developing countries like Brazil, China, and India. And, surprisingly, the rate of increase for children in these economically developing countries is 30 percent greater than in developed countries. E04 So, that’s what’s going on: The world is putting on weight at an alarming rate. Today we want to look at the causes of this new epidemic, which are economic, social, and behavioral. From an economic standpoint, something has clearly changed. In the past, obesity was considered a “disease of affl uence.” This means that typically only affl uent people became obese. Why? Because wealthy people were the ones who could afford to eat lots of rich CONT_TP_LVL2_0808_U09_audioscript.indd 1 ONT_TP_LVL2_0808_U09_audioscript.indd 1 23/08/16 11:08 am 3/08/16 11:08 am