Tiêu đề COMPRE - HANDOUTS - ERDN (Ms. Pomentil) ✅

E – I. Airway & Breathing • Airway Obstruction a. Partial obstruction b. Complete obstruction Causes: -anaphylactic reaction - angioedema -aspiration of foreign objects -trauma -inhalation of chemical burns A. aspiration of foreign objects - Universal Distress Signal - Cannot speak, breath, or cough - Inspiratory and expiratory stridor - Use of accessory muscles and flaring nostrils - Cyanosis and dec. LOC (late sign) ❖ Management: OPEN AIRWAY ▪ CONSCIOUS PT 1. Cough forcibly 2. Heimlich maneuver ▪ UNCONSCIOUS PT 3. Head-tilt Chin-lift 4. Jaw thrust ESTABLISHING AN AIRWAY 1. Oropharyngeal airway - for pt: - purpose: prevents the tongue from falling back causing airway obstruction - inserted over the back of the tongue into the pharynx 2. Nasopharyngeal airway - provides the same airway access but inserted in the nares - NPA should be tried if a pt does not tolerate OPA ✔ Quality & Safety Nursing Alert In case of potential facial trauma or basal skull fracture, the nasopharyngeal airway should not be used because it could enter the brain cavity instead of the pharynx. 3. Endotracheal Intubation • Purpose: establish & maintain airway in pts with respiratory insufficiency or hypoxia • Indications: TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 2 | 6