Tiêu đề Care of Clients with Problems in the Integumentary System.pdf ✅

NURSES LICENSURE EXAMINATION (NLE) Controlled Copy 2023 Rev. 00 CLASSIFIED EXAMINATION FOR CRITICAL TEST ANALYSIS Care of Clients with Problems in the Integumentary System Philippine Nurses Licensure Examination Warning: This material is protected by Copyright Laws. Unauthorized use shall be prosecuted in the full extent of the Philippine Laws. For exclusive use of CBRC reviewees only. 1. While waiting to see the physician, a patient shows the nurse skin areas that are flat, nonpalpable, and have had a change of color. The nurse recognizes that the patient is demonstrating what? A. Macules C. Vesicles B. Papules D. Pustules 2. A nurse in a dermatology clinic is reading the electronic health record of a new patient. The nurse notes that the patient has a history of a primary skin lesion. What is an example of a primary skin lesion? A. Crust C. Pustule B. Keloid D. Ulcer 3. A nurse in the emergency department (ED) is triaging a 5-year-old who has been brought to the ED by her parents for an outbreak of urticaria. What would be the MOST appropriate question to ask this patient and her family? A. Has she eaten any new foods today? B. Has she bathed in the past 24 hours? C. Did she go to a friend’s house today D. Was she digging in the dirt today? 4. A patient is suspected of developing an allergy to an environmental substance and has been given a patch test. During the test, the patient develops fine blisters, papules, and severe itching. The nurse knows that this is indicative of what strength reaction? A. Weak positive B. Moderately positive C. Strong positive D. Severely positive 5. A patient presents at the dermatology clinic with suspected herpes simplex. The nurse knows to prepare what diagnostic test for this condition? A. Skin biopsy B. Patch test C. Tzanck smear D. Examination with a Woods light 6. The client had undergone skin biopsy. Which of the following instructions should be INCLUDED when giving health teachings? A. Keep the dressing in place for 24 hours. B. Have sutures removed 7-10 days after surgery. C. Cleanse the site with povidone-iodine. D. Redness and warmth in the area are expected for few days. 7. The nurse is to perform a scratch test for allergy. Which statement BEST describes this procedure? A. The antigen is directly applied to the skin and covered with gauze dressing. B. The allergen is applied superficially to a small cut of the outer layer of the skin. C. A small amount of allergen is injected into the intradermal layer of the skin. D. Suspected food allergy items are scratched from the diet one at a time until all allergy symptoms are no longer present. 8. Your patient presents hypopigmented skin lesions on his back as shown in the clinical presentation. You suspect that it is a superficial mycosis. Of the following choices, the MOST appropriate laboratory procedure to make the diagnosis is a: A. Potassium hydroxide mount of skin scrapings B. Giemsa stain for multinucleated giant cells C. Fluorescent- antibody stain of the skin lesion D. D4-fold rise in antibody titer against the organism 9. When teaching a patient who is taking nystatin lozenges for oral candidiasis, which instruction by the nurse is CORRECT? A. Chew the lozenges carefully before swallowing B. Dissolve the lozenge slowly and completely in your mouth C. Dissolve the lozenges until it is half the original size and then swallow it D. Theses lozenges need to be swallowed whole with a glass of water 10. Which of the following disease conditions is characterized by shedding, silvery, white scales on raised, reddened round plaques? A. Kaposi’s sarcoma C. Psoriasis B. Herpes zoster D. Erysipelas 11. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with psoriasis. What information would the nurse need to know when developing the teaching plan? A. It is a chronic disorder resulting in the development of blisters; an autoimmune disorder caused by circulating IgG antibodies. B. It is a superficial inflammatory dermatitis occurring when two skin surfaces rub together causing erythema, maceration, and itching. C. It is in the area of very dry skin. Sometimes shallow ulcers occur. D. It is a chronic recurrent erythematous, inflammatory disorder involving keratin synthesis. 12. A pediatric client has been diagnosed with post- streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse should assess the client for a history of which of the following skin infections: A. Scabies C. Intertrigo B. Impetigo D. Herpes simplex
NURSES LICENSURE EXAMINATION (NLE) Controlled Copy 2023 Rev. 00 13. A nurse is working with a family whose 5-year-old daughter has been diagnosed with impetigo. What educational intervention should the nurse INCLUDE in this family’s care? A. Ensuring that the family knows that impetigo is not contagious B. Teaching about the safe and effective use of topical corticosteroids C. Teaching about the importance of maintaining high standards of hygiene D. Ensuring that the family knows how to safely burst the child’s vesicles 14. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has just been diagnosed with a basal cell epithelioma. The MOST common cause of basal cell epithelioma is: A. Radiation exposure B. Sun exposure C. Lead exposure D. Burns 15. A pediatric patient has been diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Nursing interventions will focus on: A. Preventing infection B. Keeping the skin free of moisture C. Administering antipyretics D. Limiting oral fluid intake 16. A patient has received a diagnosis of irritant contact dermatitis. What action should the nurse prioritize in the patient’s subsequent care? A. Teaching the patient to safely and effectively administer immunosuppressants B. Helping the patient identify and avoid the offending agent C. Teaching the patient how to maintain meticulous skin hygiene D. Helping the patient perform wound care in the home environment 17. A 2-year-old patient has had eczema since 5 months old. Which statements made by her father indicated to the nurse that he understands the management? A. “Benadryl should be given every night before bedtime.” B. “It is beneficial to keep her in the bubble bath for as long as possible each day.” C. “Typical eruption areas that need to be treated include flexor surfaces of joints.” D. “Hot water is better to bathe in.” 18. A client is being admitted to the hospital for treatment of acute cellulitis of the lower left leg. During the admission assessment, the nurse EXPECTS to note which finding? A. An inflammation of the epidermis only B. A skin infection of the dermis and underlying hypodermis C. An acute superficial infection of the upper layers of the skin D. An epidermal and lymphatic infection caused by Staphylococcus 19. A nurse is assessing the skin of a patient who has been diagnosed with bacterial cellulitis on the dorsal portion of the great toe. When reviewing the patient’s health history, the nurse should identify what comorbidity as increasing the patient’s vulnerability to skin infections? A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease B. Rheumatoid arthritis C. Gout D. Diabetes 20. A patient comes to the clinic complaining of a red rash of small, fluid-filled blisters and is suspected of having herpes zoster. What presentation is MOST consistent with herpes zoster? A. Grouped vesicles occurring on lips and oral mucous membranes B. Grouped vesicles occurring on the genitalia C. Rough, fresh, or gray skin protrusions D. Grouped vesicles in linear patches along a dermatome 21. The nurse manager is planning the clinical assignments for the day. Which staff members CANNOT be assigned to care for a client with herpes zoster? A. The nurse who never had roseola B. The nurse who never had mumps C. The nurse who never had chicken pox D. The nurse who never had German measles 22. The nurse is caring for a patient who is colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). What infection control measure has the greatest potential to reduce transmission of MRSA and other nosocomial pathogens in a health care setting? A. Using antibacterial soap when bathing patients with MRSA B. Conducting culture surveys on a regularly scheduled basis C. Performing hand hygiene before and after contact with every patient D. Using aseptic housekeeping practices for environmental cleaning 23. A patient is alarmed that she has tested positive for MRSA following culture testing during her admission to the hospital. What should the nurse teach the patient about this diagnostic finding? A. There are promising treatments for MRSA, so this is no cause for serious concern. B. This doesn’t mean that you have an infection; it shows that the bacteria live on one of your skin surfaces. C. The vast majority of patients in the hospital test positive for MRSA, but the infection doesn’t normally cause serious symptoms. D. This finding is only preliminary, and your doctor will likely order further testing. 24. A nurse is assessing a teenage patient with acne vulgaris. The patients mother states, I keep telling him that this is what happens when you eat as much chocolate as he does. What aspect of the pathophysiology of acne should inform the nurse’s response? A. A sudden change in patients’ diet may exacerbate, rather than alleviate, the patient’s symptoms. B. Chocolate is not among the foods that are known to cause acne. C. Elimination of chocolate from the patient’s diet will likely lead to resolution within several months. D. Diet is thought to play a minimal role in the development of acne.