Tiêu đề 26. ALCOHOL AND METHYL ALCOHOL.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 2 2. Trigeminal and other neuralgias: Injection of alcohol directly into nerve trunk relieves pain by destroying them. 3. Prevent bedsores: Alcohol is used locally to prevent bedsores in bedridden patients. 4. Methanol poisoning: Ethanol competes with methanol for metabolic enzymes and saturates them. Hence, it prevents the formation of toxic metabolites of methanol (formaldehyde and formic acid). 5. Fever: Alcoholic sponges are useful to reduce body temperature. ACUTE ETHANOL OVERDOSAGE (ACUTE ALCOHOL INTOXICATION): The signs and symptoms of acute alcohol intoxication are drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, hypotension, respiratory depression, hypoglycaemia, etc. TREATMENT (Note A–G): It is a medical emergency. The main aim of therapy is to prevent severe respiratory depression and aspiration of vomitus. 1. Maintain Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Fluid and Electrolyte balance, and Gastric lavage if necessary. 2. Intravenous glucose to correct hypoglycaemia. 3. Thiamine is administered as i.v. infusion in glucose solution. 4. HaemoDialysis helps to hasten the recovery. WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME: Sudden reduction/stoppage of alcohol in chronic alcoholics results in alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It manifests as restlessness, tremors, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, hallucinations, delirium, convulsions and collapse. TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME:  BZDs (diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, etc.) are used to control anxiety, tremor, palpitation, sleep disturbances, confusion and convulsions associated with alcohol withdrawal.  Psychological support.