Tiêu đề Cancer, Inflammation and Thrombosis ✅

CANCER, INFLAMMATION AND THROMBOSIS Which composition does the targeted therapy target in cancer cells? a. Checkpoint protein a. Mutated protein that control how cancer cells grow a. Specific Receptor on T cells a. Monoclonal antigen How many types of targeted therapies are currently used in cancer treatment? a. Small molecules and monoclonal antibodies a. Immunotherapy and hormone therapy a. Radiation and Chemotherapy a. Gene therapy and stem cell therapy How does targeted therapy work compared with chemotherapy? a. Both of them attack all cells a. Targeted therapy attacks the mutated proteins in cancer cells and most healthy cells are not affected a. Chemotherapy attacks only specific proteins that help tumours grow and spread throughout the body a. Both of them attack only specific cells How do cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system? a. Genetic changes that make them less visible to the immune system. a. Proteins on their surface that turn off immune cells. a. Changing the normal cells around the tumour to interfere with the immune system's response. a. All of the above. Roots of administration that avoid “first-pass” hepatic effects (select all correct answers): a. Sublingual a. Oral a. Transdermal a. lower rectal suppositories a. inhalation What are immune system proteins created in the lab that bind to specific targets on cancer cells? a. Immune checkpoint inhibitors a. T-cell transfer therapy a. Monoclonal antibodies a. Small molecules Who is the best match for an allogeneic stem cell transplant? (Choose all the correct answers) a. Sibling a. Parent a. Unrelated donor a. 1st relatives What is the role of HLAs in stem cell transplantation success? a. HLAs help stem cells grow a. HLAs determine the type of chemotherapy used in the transplant a. HLAs influence the acceptance and engraftment of the donor's stem cells a. None of the above
Aspirin is converted into salicylic acid in your body by which of the following reactions? a) Hydrolysis b) Oxidation c) Reduction d) Substitution Pharmacodynamics involves the study of the following EXCEPT... a. Biological and therapeutic effects of drugs a. Absorption and distribution of drugs a. Mechanisms of drug action a. Drug interactions In acute inflammation, which events occur in the correct chronological order? a. transient vasoconstriction, stasis of blood flow, increased permeability, vasodilation a. transient vasoconstriction, increased permeability, vasodilation, stasis of blood flow a. vasodilation, increased permeability, stasis of blood flow, neutrophil accumulation a. neutrophil accumulation, vasodilation, increased permeability, stasis of blood flow The first vascular response to injury is a. slowing of the circulation a. venular dilatation a. Capillary enlargement a. arteriolar vasoconstriction Which of the following initiates the intrinsic pathway of clotting cascade? a. Hageman factor (XII). a. antigen-antibody complex alternative pathway of complement a. Tissue factor a. Platelet activating factor Macrophages are derived from a. Circulating monocytes, whereas monocytes in tissues are tissue resident macrophages a. Leukocytes a. Lymphocytes a. Plasma cells The correlation between chronic inflammation and cancer was based on observations that cancer can originated in sites of chronic inflammation, and that inflammatory cells were abundant in tumour biopsies a. True a. False Regarding chronic inflammation, which of the following is NOTcorrect? a. It is associated with persistent infections a. It involves attempts at repair, rather than just tissue destruction a. It may contribute to the formation of atherosclerosis a. It involves mononuclear inflammatory cells What are the functions of inflammation in the innate immune response? A) To stimulate the adaptive response B) To limit the spread of pathogens C) To produce antibodies
D) Initiate repair processes The first vascular response to injury is A) slowing of the circulation B) venular dilatation C) Capillary enlargement D) arteriolar vasoconstriction Why do tissues swell during inflammation? A) because of the volume of bacteria present in the wound. B) because of the number of blood cells attacking the bacteria. C) because the increased permeability of capillaries causes fluids to accumulate in the area. D) because of the swollen capillaries. In acute inflammation, which events occur in the correct chronological order? A) transient vasoconstriction, stasis of blood flow, increased permeability, vasodilation B) transient vasoconstriction, increased permeability, vasodilation, stasis of blood flow C) vasodilation, increased permeability, stasis of blood flow, neutrophil accumulation D) neutrophil accumulation, vasodilation, increased permeability, stasis of blood flow The first vascular response to injury is E) slowing of the circulation F) venular dilatation G) Capillary enlargement H) arteriolar vasoconstriction Which cells are involved the most in acute inflammation? A) Neutrophil B) T lymphocyte C) Mono cell D) Natural Killer cell Macrophages are derived from A) Circulating monocytes, whereas monocytes in tissues are ttissue resident macrophages B) Leukocytes C) Lymphocytes D) Plasma cells Regarding chronic inflammation, which of the following are correct? A) It is associated with persistent infections
B) It involves attempts at repair, rather than tissue destruction C) It may contribute to the formation of atherosclerosis D) It involves mononuclear inflammatory cells COAGULATION and THROMBOSIS 1. Which of the following initiates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation cascade? A) Hageman factor (factor XII) B) antigen-antibody complex alternative pathway of complement C) Tissue factor D) Platelet activating factor 2. Which of the following initiates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation cascade? A) Hageman factor (XII) B) antigen-antibody complex alternative pathway of complement C) Tissue factor D) Platelet activating factor 3. Which natural subtance initiates the fibrinolysis? A) Antithrombin III B) Plasminogen C) Protein C and S D) All of the above 4. Rivaroxaban and Lovenox are both antiXa A) True B) False 5. Lovenox is low molecular weight Heparin that have lower antiIIa (thrombin) than Heparin inhibitors A) True B) False