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FOR EDITABLE MS WORD +919206306398 Logical Diagram 33 LOGICAL DIAGRAM 3 CHAPTER  An object is called a subset of another object, if former is a part of latter and such relation is shown by two concentric circles. Chair Brinjal Pencil Fig.1 Stationary Vegetable Furniture (i) Pencil, Stationary (ii) Brinjal, Vegetable (iii) Chair, Furniture It is very clear from the above relationship that one object is a part of other, and hence all such relationships can be represented by fig.1.  An object is said to have an intersection with another object, when two objects share some thing in common. unemployed Indian Surgeon Males Politician Educated Fig.2 (i) Surgeon, Males (ii) Politicians, Indian (iii) Educated, Unemployed All the three relationships given above have something in common as some surgeons can be male and some female, some politicians may be Indian and some may belong to other countries, educated may be employed and unemployed as well. And all the three relationships can be represented by fig. 2.  Two objects are said to be disjoint when neither one is subset of another nor they share anything in common. In other words, totally unrelated objects fall under this types of relationship. Tool Copy Furniture Cloth Shirt Car Fig. 3 (i) Furniture, Car (ii) Copy, Cloth (iii) Tool, Shirt It is clear from the above relationship that both the objects are unrelated to each other, and hence can be represented diagramatically as shown in fig. 3 From the above discussion we observe that representation of relationship of two objects is not typical if students follow the above points. But representation of three objects diagramatically pose slight problem before the students. A variety of such relationship is being discussed in the following examples. EXAMPLES  Ex.1 Each of these questions given below contains three group of things. You are to choose from the following five numbered diagrams, a diagram that depicts the correct relationship among the three groups of things in each question. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 1. Moon, Earth, Universe 2. India, Pakistan, Asia 3. Batsman, Cricket, Stick 4. Book, Pen, Pencil. Sol. 1. Moon and Earth, are the parts of universe and therefore are subsets of universe and hence this relationship is represented by diagram (a). 2. India and Pakistan, are the subsets of Asia. Hence, option (a) represents this relationship.
FOR EDITABLE MS WORD +919206306398 Logical Diagram 34 3. Batsmanm is a subset of Cricket and, Stick is something unrelated to Cricket, therefore, our answer is (e). 4. Book, Pen, Pencil are neither subset of one another nor have anything in common, Therefore, our answer is (d). Ex.2 Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the relationship among Tennis fans, Cricket players and Students. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Sol. From the relationship given in the question, we observe that each of the objects carries something in common to one another. A tennis fan can be a Cricket player as well as student. Hence diagram (a) represents this relationship. So our answer is (a). Ex.3 Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the relationship among Smokers, Bidi smokers, Cancer partients. (a) (e) (c) (d) (b) Sol. Bidi smokers is a subset of Smokers and Cancer patient may be a smoker, bidi smoker and non- smoker. Hence, third object shares a common relationship with first and second object as well. Hence, diagram (b) is our answer.
FOR EDITABLE MS WORD +919206306398 Logical Diagram 35 EXERCISE Directions : Out of the four alternatives in each of the following questions, three alternatives are such that the three words in each are related among themselves in one of the five ways represented by (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) below. And one of the alternative represents a relationship which is not represented by any of the figures given below. The relationship that complies this condition is your answer. (b) (d) (a) (e) (c) Q.1 (A) Army, General, Colonel (B) Boy, Student, Player (C) Painter, Scholar, Table (D) Man, Typist, Peon Q.2 (A) Hen, Dog, Cat (B) Body, Ear, Mouth (C) Bed, Ward, Nurse (D) Tiger, Animal, Carnivorous. Q.3 (A) Mineral, Iron, Copper (B) Dean, Painter, Singer (C) Seed, Leaf, Root (D) Piston, Engine, Wheel Q.4 (A) Director, Engineer, Musician (B) Apple, Orange, Mango (C) Fruit, Mango, Grass (D) Oxygen, Air, Water Q.5 (A) Bed, Ward, Hospital (B) Boy, Girl, Player (C) Copper, Zinc, Iron (D) Book, Page, paragraph Q.6 (A) Atmosphere, Air, Oxygen (B) Boy, Girl, Student (C) Man, Worker, Garden (D) Animal, Dog, Cat Q.7 (A) Body, Hand, Finger (B) Mammal, Nurse, Woman (C) Ceral, Wheat, Rice (D) Males, Cousins, Nephews Q.8 (A) Star, Moon, Mars (B) Professor, Scholar, Politician (C) Nurse, Doctor, Woman (D) Swimmer, Carpenter, Singer Q.9 (A) Animal, Mammal, Book (B) Colour, Cloth, Metchant (C) Colour, Red, Blue (D) Male, Horse, Mare Q.10 (A) Periodicals, Weekly, Book (B) Mineral, Copper, Wood (C) Doctors, Human beings, Married People (D) Army, Doctors, Engineers Directions : Each question below contains three groups of things. You are to choose from the following five numbered diagrams, the diagram that depicts the correct relationship among the three groups of things in each question. (a) (b) (c) (e) (d) Q.11 Vegetable, Fruit, Brinjal (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.12 Door, Window, House (A) a (B) b (C) e (D) d Q.13 Honest, Intelligent, Poor (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.14 Car, Train, automobile (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.15 Zinc, Copper, Iron (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d
FOR EDITABLE MS WORD +919206306398 Logical Diagram 36 Directions : Each question below has three items having certain relationship among them. The same relationship is expressed by sets of circles, each circle representing one item irrespective of its size. Match the items with right set of circles. (d) (a) (b) (c) (e) Q.16 Revers, Canals, Perennial source of water. (A) a (B) e (C) c (D) d Q.17 Rings, Ornaments, Diamond rings. (A) c (B) b (C) a (D) d Q.18 Women, Married persons, Wives who work. (A) a (B) c (C) d (D) b Q.19 Computer skille, Graduates, Employed. (A) a (B) d (C) b (D) e Q.20 Students, First divisioners, Third divisioners. (A) b (B) c (C) d (D) e Directions : Each of the questions given below contains three groups of things. You have to choose from the following five numbered diagramas, the diagram that depicts the correct relationship among the three groups of things in each question. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Q.21 Pop, Songs, Classical (A) c (B) e (C) d (D) a Q.22 Maize, Sugarcane, Crops (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.23 Birds, Owls, Elephants (A) a (B) b (C) e (D) d Q.24 Apples, Mangoes, Oranges (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.25 Asia, Delhi, India (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.26 Lawyers, Women, Doctors (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.27 Brinjal, Glass, Spoon (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.28 Pen, Stationery, Powder (A) a (B) b (C) e (D) d Q.29 Vehicle, Car, Jeep (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.30 Year, Month, Day (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Directions : In each of the following questions, select the diagram out of the five that best represents the relationship among the items given in the question. (b) (d) (e) (a) (c) Q.31 Book, Novel, Pen (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.32 Police, Doctor, Female (A) e (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.33 Mammal, Cow, Man (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d Q.34 Horse, Hen, Animal (A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d