Tiêu đề Passage 28.docx ✅

Passage 28 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. E-waste is being produced on a scale never seen before. Computers and other electronic equipment become obsolete in just a few years, leaving customers with little choice but to buy newer ones to keep up. Millions of tons of computers, TVs, smartphones, and other equipment are discarded each year. In most countries, all this waste ends up in landfills, where it poisons the environment – e-waste contains many toxic substances such as lead, mercury, and arsenic that leak into the ground. Recycling is the ideal solution to the problem. E-waste contains significant amounts of valuable metals like gold and silver that make it attractive to recycle. In theory, recycling gold from old computers is more efficient – and less environmentally destructive – than digging it from the earth. The problem is that a large percentage of e-waste dropped off for recycling in wealthy countries is sold and diverted to the developing world, posing an increasing threat to the health of the people there. To address the problem of the international trade in e-waste, 170 nations signed the 1989 Basel Convention, an agreement requiring that developed nations notify developing nations of hazardous waste shipments coming into their countries. Then, in 1995 the Basel Convention was modified to ban hazardous waste shipments to poor countries completely. Although the ban hasn’t taken effect, the European Union, where recycling infrastructure is well developed, has nearly written it into their laws. One law holds manufacturers responsible for the safe disposal of electronics they produce. Companies like Creative Recycling Systems in Florida, the USA, are hoping to profit from clean e-waste recycling. The key to their business is a huge, building-size machine able to separate electronic products into their component materials. As the machine’ steel teeth break up e – waste, all the toxic dust is removed from the process. This machine can handle some 70,000 tons of electronics a year. Although this is only a fraction of the total, it wouldn’t take many more machines like this to process the entire USA’s output of high-tech trash. Unfortunately, under current policies, domestic processing of e-waste is not compulsory, and while shipping waste abroad is ethically questionable, it is still more profitable than processing it safely in the USA. Creative Recycling Systems is hoping that the US government will soon create laws deterring people from sending e-waste oversea. (Trích mã đề 407- Đề thi THPTQG 2019) Question 1: Which best serves as the title for the passage? A. Waste Recycling: A Storm in a Teacup B. Domestic Recycling: Pros and Cons C. E-waste – An Export Commodity of the Future D. E-waste – A Mess to Clear up Question 2: The word “obsolete” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________. A. broken B. outdated C. incomplete D. inaccurate Question 3: As stated in paragraph 2, a large percentage of e-waste meant for recycling in the developed countries _________. A. is enventually sent to developing nations B. is later recycled in local factories C. contains all valuable metals except gold D. is buried deep in the soil at landfills Question 4: The word “notify” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______. A. assure B. inform C. excuse D. notice Question 5: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to ________. A. recycling infrastructure B. the Basel Convention C. the ban D. the european Union Question 6: According to the European Union’s laws, electronic manufacturers are required to ______. A. upgrade their recycling infrastructure regularly B. sell their e-waste to developed nations only C. take responsibiblity for disposing of their products safely D. sign the Basel Convention Question 7: Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage? A. Shipping e-waste abroad yields greater profit than recycling it safely in the USA.